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Int Surg. 2015 Jan; 100(1): 185–189.
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Abstract

China Supply Custom Cutting Edge Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Fenghe. There are a variety of management modalities for varicose veins. The outcomes of the treatment of varicose veins are different. The papers on Wholesale CE High Quality Plant Based Pea Protein Powder Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Protein Shake Diet Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom Non-Galvanized Welded Wire Mesh Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited.Wholesale CE High Quality Copper Conductor Awg Silicone Wire Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering.

Varicose veins are dilated branches of the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein; the incidence of varicose veins varies from 10% to 30%.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Saccharin Sodium 20-40 Mesh Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge RocRisk factors of varicose veins include family history, age, and pregnancy; a possible risk factor is standing for a long period of time.Supply OEM Custom G1/4 F Snow Foam Lance Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Mingou–Ltd.High ligation and stripping is the traditional approach for varicose veins, yet a variety of alternative options have been used in recent decades,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Karcher K3 Pressure Washer Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingou(EVLA),Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM High Protein Powder Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc(RFA), foam sclerotherapy (FS),Supply OEM Custom Sprouted Rice Protein Powder Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom Automatic Painting Machine Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering–China Plc Lab Twin Screw Extruder

Manifestation and Severity of Varicose Veins

Patients with varicose veins present from asymptomatic to significant symptoms, including discomfort, aching, pain, itching or eczema, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Organic Pea Powder Factory & Supplier Price - Huge RocThe diagnosis of varicose veins is based on clinical manifestation and ultrasound.Wholesale CE High Quality Nail Product Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited. The CEAP (clinical, etiology, anatomy, pathophysiology) classification is used to describe the degree of varicose veins. The “C” part of CEAP classification is more useful and practical in rating the severity of varicose veins (Wholesale CE High Quality Oil Colour Painting Set Factory & Supplier Price - Unionrise I&E).China Supply Custom Max Protein Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge RocSupply OEM Custom Sodium Saccharin Food Grade Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc.Supply OEM Custom Good Quality Powder Coating Line Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering,Wholesale CE High Quality Glitter Paint Factory & Supplier Price - Unionrise I&EChina Supply Custom Foldaway Crate Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.; it can provide a road map of vein anatomy similar to contrast venography, as well as essential hemodynamic information about the presence of proximal obstruction, vein valve function,Wholesale CE High Quality Vitamin Drugs Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines.

Indication and Contraindication of Treatment for Varicose Veins

The purpose of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent the progression of varicose veins.Wholesale CE High Quality Decorative Chain Link Fence Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited,China Supply Custom Plain Aluminum Coil Products Cheap Price - Shuanglin Jiate Metal TechnologySymptomatic patients with C2 to C6 diseases are indicated for management,Wholesale CE High Quality Pressure Washer Hose Adapter Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingou, superficial thrombophlebitis, and bleeding.

Asymptomatic patients can be observed and do not need treatment or prophylactic intervention.Wholesale CE High Quality Cell Phone Accessories Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shenzhen Hxs TechnologyHowever, cosmesis is a common reason for treatment of asymptomatic patients, especially for young female patients. It is controversial to perform surgery on patients who have recovered from the superficial phlebitis,China Supply Custom Antipyretic Stickers Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichenbecause the dilated varicose veins usually disappeared without further surgical treatment. It is not indicated to perform thrombectomy for superficial thrombosis in great saphenous veins.Supply OEM Custom Vitamin B Complex Capsules Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines, and early surgery in uncomplicated veins will not prevent the development of future varicosities.

Supply OEM Custom Slip Door Mat Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd., such as acute DVT,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Plastic Floor Camping Mats Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co.pregnancy, the superficial veins as collaterals for occluded deep veins, and arterial insufficiency; however,Wholesale CE High Quality Emulsifier Lecithin Soy Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc,Supply OEM Custom Multi-Function Plastic Crate With Lid Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.,Wholesale CE High Quality Vital Protein Pea Protein Isolate Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc—further imaging to assess the patency of the deep veins is critical before surgery. Emergent management is usually reserved for bleeding varicosities or suspected DVT.

Modalities for Management of Varicose Veins

Conventional surgical stripping

All management modalities for varicose veins are safe and effective at short-term and midterm follow-up.China Supply Custom Back Pain Plaster Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - XingzhichenThe methods to manage great saphenous veins traditionally include ligation and division of the saphenofemoral junction and its tributaries in the groin, stripping the great saphenous veins from groin to knee level. The incompetent small saphenous veins are ligated and divided, rather than stripped, close to the popliteal vein in the knee pit, because stripping small saphenous veins may potentially damage the sural nerve.Ltd.It is not rare for recurrence, hematoma, and skin infection to occur after surgical procedure (Wholesale CE High Quality Wound Dressing Film Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen). And massive bleeding due to injury to femoral veins,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Car Wash Foam Machine Products Cheap Price - Mingou, and mortality from pulmonary embolism and DVT can happen, even though these are rarely reported.

Table 2

Complications after different modalities for varicose veins

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Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Pharmaceutical Modular Cleanroom Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering; these belong to the category of minimally invasive catheter-based procedures.Wholesale CE High Quality Solid Plastic Crates Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.In this procedure, a catheter is inserted and positioned at 2 cm below the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Antimalarial Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines. Alternatively,Wholesale CE High Quality Embossed Aluminum Sheet Products Cheap Price - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology.Supply OEM Custom Diclazuril Veterinary Drugs Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM First Aid Wound Dressing Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen

China Supply Custom Sandwich Panel For Dustless Workshop Ceiling Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering, no need for hospital admission, no surgical incision, and early resumption of daily activity or work are advantages of this procedure. However, like other surgeries, EVLA still can cause operative or postoperative complications, such as hematoma, infection, skin burn, bruising, and catheter stabbing by laser fiber, or the broken catheter can be left in the body.China Supply Custom Gold Aluminum Foil Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology,Supply OEM Custom 3m Rubber Floor Mat Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co.,Foot ValveWholesale CE High Quality Ring Shank Nail Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited, recurrence rates,China Supply Custom Strand Rc Silicone Wire Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical Engineering.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Timber Shelves Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - INNOVATIVE,Supply OEM Custom Food Grade Use Of Ammonium Bicarbonate Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc

Clinical experience shows that the pain after laser ablation contributes to the skin contusion caused between skin and uneven bandages used after the procedure, blisters induced by skin burn,China Supply Custom Farm Soil Tilling Machine Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FengheChina Supply Custom 50ml 100ml Vitamin B Complex Injection Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines;Supply OEM Custom Nature Looking Artificial Turf Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.. Using proper compression stocking rather than bandage may reduce the risk of skin contusion. In addition, early ambulation is always critical to preventing DVT.Supply OEM Custom Craft Products Cheap Price - Unionrise I&E,m.skyhammertools.com

Radiofrequency ablation

Supply OEM Custom Mesh 20x20 Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited; it delivers thermal energy from a bipolar catheter to the insufficient veins. RFA is an effective and safe treatment modality for incompetent veins, and it can be performed in-office as a minimally invasive procedure. The advantages of RFA include low complication rate, reduced pain, high vein occlusion rates,China Supply Custom Where Can I Get Sodium Bicarbonate Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.

Currently available clinical trial evidence suggests RFA and EVLA are at least as effective as surgery in the treatment of great saphenous varicose veins.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Truck Mounted Crane Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Fenghe, Ltd.,Supply OEM Custom Concrete Nails With Washer Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited

Foam sclerotherapy

China Supply Custom Modular Metal Shelving Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVE; it can be undertaken in the outpatient clinic,China Supply Custom Electric Ir Heater Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.China Supply Custom Veterinary Injection Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing MedicinesObservational studies found that success rates vary from 82% to 100%,Glass Pharmaceutical BottleChina Supply Custom Mobile Library Shelving Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVE. It takes approximately 1 hour to perform FS, patients do not need to take medicine or stay in the hospital, and patients can go home or continue to work immediately after the procedure. The efficacy of FS is obvious in comparison with conventional surgical stripping (Supply OEM Custom Spiral Bevel Gear Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Fenghe). Complications after FS are rare, including bruising, thrombophlebitis, skin pigmentation, and visual disturbance.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Nestable Plastic Container Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.

An external file that holds a picture, illustration, etc. Object name is i0020-8868-100-1-185-f01.jpg

Comparison of postoperative outcomes after conventional surgical stripping (A) with FS (B and C). Multiple surgical scars seen after surgical stripping (A); no visible varicose veins seen 4 days after FS (C) versus obvious varicose veins prior to FS.

Ambulatory phlebectomy

Ambulatory phlebectomy is an outpatient procedure that removes superficial veins through small 2- to 3-mm incisions in the skin overlying the varicose veins and is performed under local anesthesia. The accepted indications for this technique are side branch varicose veins, and varicose veins of the foot, around the ankle, and the knee pit. The most important instrument for this technique is the vein retractor or phlebectomy hook. There are two ways by which the veins can be grasped. The phlebectomy hook is inserted through an incision and the varicose vein is hooked, extracted, and subsequently fixed with a clamp; the vein is finally pulled out by turning the exteriorized part of the vein. Graded compression stockings or compression bandages are usually used for 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure. This procedure is often used as an adjunct to EVLA or RFA, either concomitantly or in the sequential management of tributaries for symptomatic varicose veins. The complications are uncommon but include paresthesia, bruising, hemorrhage, and hematoma. EVLA with with both treatments achieves excellent results at 5 years. Concomitant treatment of varicosities is associated with optimal improvement in both clinical disease severity and quality of life.Wholesale CE High Quality Medical Cold Compresses Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen,Wholesale CE High Quality Unit Weight Of Barbed Wire Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited

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China Supply Custom Farm Fence Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited. The most common cause is the valve insufficiency of the deep veins due to DVT; in rare conditions it can be due to congenital valve or vessel abnormalities.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Brown Rice Protein Powder Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc,Wholesale CE High Quality Die Casting Auto Parts Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Highpoint Machinery.Wholesale CE High Quality Electric Hot Pack Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Jade Rabbit Electrical ApplianceSupply OEM Custom Grocery Shelves Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE.Wholesale CE High Quality Artificial Palm Trees Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Artemisinin 99% Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines.Wholesale CE High Quality PU dressing Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen.Wholesale CE High Quality Organic Protein Shake Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc. External valvuloplasty, such as external vein valve wrapping,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Salon Use Hand And Foot Paraffin Wax Warmer Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Adhesive Plaster Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - XingzhichenIt aims to increase the coating surface and restore valve competency by external supportWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Automatic Car Cleaning Machines Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingouand has not gained large popularity due to its efficacy. However,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM First Aid Wound Dressing Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen.Ltd.

Overall, all management modalities appear to be safe and effective in the short term and midterm,Supply OEM Custom Pvc Chain Link Fence Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries LimitedWholesale CE High Quality Phone Case For Iphone 6 Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shenzhen Hxs Technology.Supply OEM Custom Organic Pea Protein Powder Bulk Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc;Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Where Can I Get Baking Soda Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc. FS was associated with the highest failure rate.Supply OEM Custom Ammonium Bicarbonat Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc,Supply OEM Custom Antibiotic Products Cheap Price - KeMing MedicinesHowever, high-Wholesale CE High Quality Fiberglass Aqua Slide For Pool Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shanghai Mutong Toys-term follow-Supply OEM Custom Single-Row Crossover Rolling Type Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Fenghe.

Acknowledgments

The first three authors (FL, YS, SZ) contributed equally to this article.

References

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