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Int Surg. 2015 Jan; 100(1): 185–189.
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Abstract

China Supply Custom Library Mobile Shelving Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVE. There are a variety of management modalities for varicose veins. The outcomes of the treatment of varicose veins are different. The papers on Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Sodium Cyclamate Distributor Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc.Wholesale CE High Quality Brown Rice Protein Supplement Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom Soya Lecithin Food Grade Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom Where To Buy Phone Case Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shenzhen Hxs Technology.

Varicose veins are dilated branches of the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein; the incidence of varicose veins varies from 10% to 30%.Wholesale CE High Quality Waxed Steel Strap Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries LimitedRisk factors of varicose veins include family history, age, and pregnancy; a possible risk factor is standing for a long period of time.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Pea Protein Powder Brands Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc–Wholesale CE High Quality Best Dietary Fiber Factory & Supplier Price - Huge RocHigh ligation and stripping is the traditional approach for varicose veins, yet a variety of alternative options have been used in recent decades,China Supply Custom Gmp Certified Vitamin C Tablet Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines(EVLA),Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM adhesive wound dressing Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen(RFA), foam sclerotherapy (FS),Supply OEM Custom Single Wire Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited.Wholesale CE High Quality Karcher Nozzle Factory & Supplier Price - Mingou–Round Tube Mill

Manifestation and Severity of Varicose Veins

Patients with varicose veins present from asymptomatic to significant symptoms, including discomfort, aching, pain, itching or eczema, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Supply OEM Custom Replacer Organic Rice Protein Products Cheap Price - Huge RocThe diagnosis of varicose veins is based on clinical manifestation and ultrasound.Supply OEM Custom Can Inside Spray Painting Machine Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering. The CEAP (clinical, etiology, anatomy, pathophysiology) classification is used to describe the degree of varicose veins. The “C” part of CEAP classification is more useful and practical in rating the severity of varicose veins (Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Ceramic Hair Straightening Brush Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY).Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Twisted Nail Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries LimitedWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Make Up Female Mannequin Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Alpha-Phosphatidyl Choline Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc,China Supply Custom Doxycycline Antimalarial Products Cheap Price - KeMing MedicinesChina Supply Custom Best High Fiber Diet Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc; it can provide a road map of vein anatomy similar to contrast venography, as well as essential hemodynamic information about the presence of proximal obstruction, vein valve function,China Supply Custom Antibiotics Oral Suspension Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines.

Indication and Contraindication of Treatment for Varicose Veins

The purpose of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent the progression of varicose veins.China Supply Custom Mezzanine Staircase Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE,Ltd.Symptomatic patients with C2 to C6 diseases are indicated for management,China Supply Custom Table Fan Winding Machine Products Cheap Price - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd., superficial thrombophlebitis, and bleeding.

Asymptomatic patients can be observed and do not need treatment or prophylactic intervention.Wholesale CE High Quality Welding Rod 3.15 Mm Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries LimitedHowever, cosmesis is a common reason for treatment of asymptomatic patients, especially for young female patients. It is controversial to perform surgery on patients who have recovered from the superficial phlebitis,China Supply Custom hydrophilic gel Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichenbecause the dilated varicose veins usually disappeared without further surgical treatment. It is not indicated to perform thrombectomy for superficial thrombosis in great saphenous veins.Supply OEM Custom Stainless Steel Nozzle Factory & Supplier Price - Mingou, and early surgery in uncomplicated veins will not prevent the development of future varicosities.

Supply OEM Custom Tpu Phone Case Iphone 5s Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shenzhen Hxs Technology, such as acute DVT,Supply OEM Custom Galvanized Steel Mesh Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limitedpregnancy, the superficial veins as collaterals for occluded deep veins, and arterial insufficiency; however,Supply OEM Custom 98% Soya Lecithin/Soybean Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc,Supply OEM Custom Electric Fast Hair Straightener Brush Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY,China Supply Custom Cell Phone Case And Accessories Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shenzhen Hxs Technology—further imaging to assess the patency of the deep veins is critical before surgery. Emergent management is usually reserved for bleeding varicosities or suspected DVT.

Modalities for Management of Varicose Veins

Conventional surgical stripping

All management modalities for varicose veins are safe and effective at short-term and midterm follow-up.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Newest Phone Case Factory & Supplier Price - Shenzhen Hxs TechnologyThe methods to manage great saphenous veins traditionally include ligation and division of the saphenofemoral junction and its tributaries in the groin, stripping the great saphenous veins from groin to knee level. The incompetent small saphenous veins are ligated and divided, rather than stripped, close to the popliteal vein in the knee pit, because stripping small saphenous veins may potentially damage the sural nerve. Ltd.It is not rare for recurrence, hematoma, and skin infection to occur after surgical procedure (Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM K Type Thermocouple Compensation Wire Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering). And massive bleeding due to injury to femoral veins,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Pea Protein Wholesale Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc, and mortality from pulmonary embolism and DVT can happen, even though these are rarely reported.

Table 2

Complications after different modalities for varicose veins

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Supply OEM Custom Brown Rice And Protein Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc; these belong to the category of minimally invasive catheter-based procedures.Supply OEM Custom Healthcare Plaster Factory & Supplier Price - XingzhichenIn this procedure, a catheter is inserted and positioned at 2 cm below the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction.Supply OEM Custom Storage Pallets For Sale Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVE. Alternatively,Supply OEM Custom Stator Testing Machine Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd..Supply OEM Custom Warehouse Rack & Shelf Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVE.Wholesale CE High Quality Loader-Digger Products Cheap Price - Fenghe

Supply OEM Custom Mutivitamin Syrup Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - KeMing Medicines, no need for hospital admission, no surgical incision, and early resumption of daily activity or work are advantages of this procedure. However, like other surgeries, EVLA still can cause operative or postoperative complications, such as hematoma, infection, skin burn, bruising, and catheter stabbing by laser fiber, or the broken catheter can be left in the body.China Supply Custom T Post Galvanized Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited,China Supply Custom Heavy Duty Cantilever Racking Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVE,Wholesale CE High Quality 100 Pea Protein Isolate Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge RocSupply OEM Custom Kitchen Wire Shelving Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE, recurrence rates,Supply OEM Custom Ammonium Bicarbonat Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom Antibiotics Lincomycin Hcl Capsule Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines,Supply OEM Custom Warehouse Racking System Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVE

Clinical experience shows that the pain after laser ablation contributes to the skin contusion caused between skin and uneven bandages used after the procedure, blisters induced by skin burn,China Supply Custom Plastick Storge Plastic Crate Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.China Supply Custom Pure Gold Collagen Facial Mask Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichen;Supply OEM Custom Aspartame Sodium Saccharin In Cold Drink Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc. Using proper compression stocking rather than bandage may reduce the risk of skin contusion. In addition, early ambulation is always critical to preventing DVT.Wholesale CE High Quality Remove Scar Dressing Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen,Glass Lid Cooler

Radiofrequency ablation

Wholesale CE High Quality Best Dietary Fiber Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc; it delivers thermal energy from a bipolar catheter to the insufficient veins. RFA is an effective and safe treatment modality for incompetent veins, and it can be performed in-office as a minimally invasive procedure. The advantages of RFA include low complication rate, reduced pain, high vein occlusion rates,Supply OEM Custom Kid Drawing Board Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Unionrise I&E.

Currently available clinical trial evidence suggests RFA and EVLA are at least as effective as surgery in the treatment of great saphenous varicose veins.China Supply Custom White Wooden Shelf Brackets Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVE,Wholesale CE High Quality Pea Protein Reviews Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc,Wholesale CE High Quality Smooth Slitted Aluminum Strip Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology

Foam sclerotherapy

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An external file that holds a picture, illustration, etc. Object name is i0020-8868-100-1-185-f01.jpg

Comparison of postoperative outcomes after conventional surgical stripping (A) with FS (B and C). Multiple surgical scars seen after surgical stripping (A); no visible varicose veins seen 4 days after FS (C) versus obvious varicose veins prior to FS.

Ambulatory phlebectomy

Ambulatory phlebectomy is an outpatient procedure that removes superficial veins through small 2- to 3-mm incisions in the skin overlying the varicose veins and is performed under local anesthesia. The accepted indications for this technique are side branch varicose veins, and varicose veins of the foot, around the ankle, and the knee pit. The most important instrument for this technique is the vein retractor or phlebectomy hook. There are two ways by which the veins can be grasped. The phlebectomy hook is inserted through an incision and the varicose vein is hooked, extracted, and subsequently fixed with a clamp; the vein is finally pulled out by turning the exteriorized part of the vein. Graded compression stockings or compression bandages are usually used for 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure. This procedure is often used as an adjunct to EVLA or RFA, either concomitantly or in the sequential management of tributaries for symptomatic varicose veins. The complications are uncommon but include paresthesia, bruising, hemorrhage, and hematoma. EVLA with with both treatments achieves excellent results at 5 years. Concomitant treatment of varicosities is associated with optimal improvement in both clinical disease severity and quality of life.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Stranded Conductor Silicone Wire Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical Engineering,Fiber Optic Patch Cords And Pigtails

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Supply OEM Custom Reduction Box Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Fenghe. The most common cause is the valve insufficiency of the deep veins due to DVT; in rare conditions it can be due to congenital valve or vessel abnormalities.China Supply Custom Slitted Aluminum Strip Factory & Supplier Price - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology,Wholesale CE High Quality Medical Pain Relief Patch Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen.Wholesale CE High Quality Plastic Crates With Cover Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Agricultural Tractor Factory & Supplier Price - Fenghe.China Supply Custom Mfa Insulation Wire Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Pressure Washer Inlet Filter Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingou.Supply OEM Custom Light Plastic Crate Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..China Supply Custom Plastic Crate Alibaba China Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.. External valvuloplasty, such as external vein valve wrapping,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Expendable Thermocouple Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.Wholesale CE High Quality Caesarean Section Dressing Factory & Supplier Price - XingzhichenIt aims to increase the coating surface and restore valve competency by external supportWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Face Paint Factory & Supplier Price - Unionrise I&Eand has not gained large popularity due to its efficacy. However,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Weight Of Iron Nails Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited.Supply OEM Custom Tpu Phone Case Iphone 5s Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shenzhen Hxs Technology

Overall, all management modalities appear to be safe and effective in the short term and midterm,Vacuum Blood Collection TubeSupply OEM Custom Nail Lamp Sun T9 Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Green Pea Protein Powder Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc;Supply OEM Custom OEM Mobile Phone Case Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shenzhen Hxs Technology. FS was associated with the highest failure rate.Wholesale CE High Quality Modular Wooden Shelving Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVE,Supply OEM Custom Single Wire Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries LimitedHowever, high-Supply OEM Custom Vitamin C Brands Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines-term follow-Supply OEM Custom 1L Foam Lance Factory & Supplier Price - Mingou.

Acknowledgments

The first three authors (FL, YS, SZ) contributed equally to this article.

References

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