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Int Surg. 2015 Jan; 100(1): 185–189.

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Abstract

China Supply Custom Sodium Cyclamate Manufacturernate Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc. There are a variety of management modalities for varicose veins. The outcomes of the treatment of varicose veins are different. The papers on Supply OEM Custom Mezzanine Level Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVE.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Timber Shelves Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - INNOVATIVE.China Supply Custom Carbon Steel Parts Products Cheap Price - Fenghe.Wholesale CE High Quality Automatic Metal Parts Powder Coating Line Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical Engineering.

Varicose veins are dilated branches of the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein; the incidence of varicose veins varies from 10% to 30%.Wholesale CE High Quality Farm Iron Fence Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries LimitedRisk factors of varicose veins include family history, age, and pregnancy; a possible risk factor is standing for a long period of time.Wholesale CE High Quality Five Bar Patern Checkered Aluminum Sheet Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shuanglin Jiate Metal TechnologyWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Adhesive Hydrophilic Dressing Factory & Supplier Price - XingzhichenHigh ligation and stripping is the traditional approach for varicose veins, yet a variety of alternative options have been used in recent decades,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Led Nail Uv Lamp Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY(EVLA),China Supply Custom hydrocolloid dressing Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen(RFA), foam sclerotherapy (FS),China Supply Custom Hot Dipped Galvanized Welded Wire Mesh Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Baking Soda Uses For Health Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge RocSupply OEM Custom Car Wash Accessories Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Mingou

Manifestation and Severity of Varicose Veins

Patients with varicose veins present from asymptomatic to significant symptoms, including discomfort, aching, pain, itching or eczema, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Wholesale CE High Quality Phone Case Iphone 8 Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shenzhen Hxs TechnologyThe diagnosis of varicose veins is based on clinical manifestation and ultrasound.China Supply Custom Ammonium Bicarbonate Vegan Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc. The CEAP (clinical, etiology, anatomy, pathophysiology) classification is used to describe the degree of varicose veins. The “C” part of CEAP classification is more useful and practical in rating the severity of varicose veins (Wholesale CE High Quality Pain Relief Patchcomfort Patch Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen).Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Max Protein Products Cheap Price - Huge RocWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Stationary Type Five Axis Reciprocating Machine Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering.Supply OEM Custom Electric Hand Warmer Gloves Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance,China Supply Custom Tension Wire Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries LimitedWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Chemical Formula Of Ammonium Bicarbonate Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc; it can provide a road map of vein anatomy similar to contrast venography, as well as essential hemodynamic information about the presence of proximal obstruction, vein valve function,Supply OEM Custom Vitamin B Complex Capsules Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - KeMing Medicines.

Indication and Contraindication of Treatment for Varicose Veins

The purpose of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent the progression of varicose veins.Supply OEM Custom Collapsed Plastic Crate Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Pea Protein Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge RocSymptomatic patients with C2 to C6 diseases are indicated for management,China Supply Custom Soybean Dietary Fibre Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc, superficial thrombophlebitis, and bleeding.

Asymptomatic patients can be observed and do not need treatment or prophylactic intervention.China Supply Custom Professional Hair Curler Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRYHowever, cosmesis is a common reason for treatment of asymptomatic patients, especially for young female patients. It is controversial to perform surgery on patients who have recovered from the superficial phlebitis,80l Cylinders - 99.9%-99.999% Helium Gasbecause the dilated varicose veins usually disappeared without further surgical treatment. It is not indicated to perform thrombectomy for superficial thrombosis in great saphenous veins.Wholesale CE High Quality Fiber Diet Chart Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc, and early surgery in uncomplicated veins will not prevent the development of future varicosities.

Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Foldable Plastic Crat Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd., such as acute DVT,China Supply Custom Private Label Dietary Fibers Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Rocpregnancy, the superficial veins as collaterals for occluded deep veins, and arterial insufficiency; however,Wholesale CE High Quality Soy Milk Protein Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc,Wholesale CE High Quality Industrial Extension Wire Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering,Wholesale CE High Quality Cheap Materials For Nail Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited—further imaging to assess the patency of the deep veins is critical before surgery. Emergent management is usually reserved for bleeding varicosities or suspected DVT.

Modalities for Management of Varicose Veins

Conventional surgical stripping

All management modalities for varicose veins are safe and effective at short-term and midterm follow-up.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Metal T Post Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries LimitedThe methods to manage great saphenous veins traditionally include ligation and division of the saphenofemoral junction and its tributaries in the groin, stripping the great saphenous veins from groin to knee level. The incompetent small saphenous veins are ligated and divided, rather than stripped, close to the popliteal vein in the knee pit, because stripping small saphenous veins may potentially damage the sural nerve.Supply OEM Custom Mirror Polished Aluminum Coil Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shuanglin Jiate Metal TechnologyIt is not rare for recurrence, hematoma, and skin infection to occur after surgical procedure (Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Sheep Mesh Price Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited). And massive bleeding due to injury to femoral veins,China Supply Custom Baling Steel Strapping Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited, and mortality from pulmonary embolism and DVT can happen, even though these are rarely reported.

Table 2

Complications after different modalities for varicose veins

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Supply OEM Custom Plastic Storage Basket Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.; these belong to the category of minimally invasive catheter-based procedures.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Folding Plastic Crate With Lid Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.In this procedure, a catheter is inserted and positioned at 2 cm below the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction.Wholesale CE High Quality Vegetable Protein Isolate Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc. Alternatively,Wholesale CE High Quality Motor Wire Winding Machines Factory & Supplier Price - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd..Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Hand Warmer Packs Factory & Supplier Price - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance. Ltd.

Supply OEM Custom Automotive Spray Booth Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering, no need for hospital admission, no surgical incision, and early resumption of daily activity or work are advantages of this procedure. However, like other surgeries, EVLA still can cause operative or postoperative complications, such as hematoma, infection, skin burn, bruising, and catheter stabbing by laser fiber, or the broken catheter can be left in the body.Wholesale CE High Quality Mjjc Foam Lance Products Cheap Price - Mingou,Wholesale CE High Quality Automatic Metal Parts Powder Coating Line Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical Engineering,Supply OEM Custom Pea Protein Isolate 80% Products Cheap Price - Huge RocWholesale CE High Quality Calcium Propionate Uses Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc, recurrence rates,Wholesale CE High Quality Best Pea Protein Powder For Weight Loss Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc.Supply OEM Custom Kid Drawing Board Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Unionrise I&E,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Lcd Nail Lamp Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY

Clinical experience shows that the pain after laser ablation contributes to the skin contusion caused between skin and uneven bandages used after the procedure, blisters induced by skin burn,Supply OEM Custom Nested And Plastic Box Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Turnvoer Plastic Crates Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.;China Supply Custom Vitamin B Complex Syrup Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines. Using proper compression stocking rather than bandage may reduce the risk of skin contusion. In addition, early ambulation is always critical to preventing DVT.Supply OEM Custom Fep/Pfa Cable Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Iron Wire Mesh Fence Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited

Radiofrequency ablation

Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Natural Soya Bean Lecithin Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc; it delivers thermal energy from a bipolar catheter to the insufficient veins. RFA is an effective and safe treatment modality for incompetent veins, and it can be performed in-office as a minimally invasive procedure. The advantages of RFA include low complication rate, reduced pain, high vein occlusion rates,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Vitamin Ad3e Injection Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines.

Currently available clinical trial evidence suggests RFA and EVLA are at least as effective as surgery in the treatment of great saphenous varicose veins.Supply OEM Custom Light-Duty Pallet Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Supply OEM Custom Mineral Wool Panel Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical Engineering,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Hand Warmers Gloves Products Cheap Price - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance

Foam sclerotherapy

Wholesale CE High Quality Fire Resistant Cable Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering; it can be undertaken in the outpatient clinic,Wholesale CE High Quality Oil Antimalarials Easy To Use Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - KeMing Medicines. Ltd.Observational studies found that success rates vary from 82% to 100%,Die Cast Aluminum Corner BracketsWholesale CE High Quality Pine Shelving Timber Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - INNOVATIVE. It takes approximately 1 hour to perform FS, patients do not need to take medicine or stay in the hospital, and patients can go home or continue to work immediately after the procedure. The efficacy of FS is obvious in comparison with conventional surgical stripping (Supply OEM Custom Organic Brown Rice Protein Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc). Complications after FS are rare, including bruising, thrombophlebitis, skin pigmentation, and visual disturbance.China Supply Custom Gmp Certified Vitamin C Tablet Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines

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Comparison of postoperative outcomes after conventional surgical stripping (A) with FS (B and C). Multiple surgical scars seen after surgical stripping (A); no visible varicose veins seen 4 days after FS (C) versus obvious varicose veins prior to FS.

Ambulatory phlebectomy

Ambulatory phlebectomy is an outpatient procedure that removes superficial veins through small 2- to 3-mm incisions in the skin overlying the varicose veins and is performed under local anesthesia. The accepted indications for this technique are side branch varicose veins, and varicose veins of the foot, around the ankle, and the knee pit. The most important instrument for this technique is the vein retractor or phlebectomy hook. There are two ways by which the veins can be grasped. The phlebectomy hook is inserted through an incision and the varicose vein is hooked, extracted, and subsequently fixed with a clamp; the vein is finally pulled out by turning the exteriorized part of the vein. Graded compression stockings or compression bandages are usually used for 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure. This procedure is often used as an adjunct to EVLA or RFA, either concomitantly or in the sequential management of tributaries for symptomatic varicose veins. The complications are uncommon but include paresthesia, bruising, hemorrhage, and hematoma. EVLA with with both treatments achieves excellent results at 5 years. Concomitant treatment of varicosities is associated with optimal improvement in both clinical disease severity and quality of life.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Customizable Supermarket Shelf Strip Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Sawdust Dryer

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China Supply Custom Soya Bean Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc. The most common cause is the valve insufficiency of the deep veins due to DVT; in rare conditions it can be due to congenital valve or vessel abnormalities.China Supply Custom Galvanized Wire Mesh 2 Mesh 5x5 Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited,China Supply Custom Folding Shopping Crate Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..China Supply Custom Cheap Hot Water Bottle Factory & Supplier Price - Jade Rabbit Electrical ApplianceSupply OEM Custom Warehouse Racking Costs Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVE.China Supply Custom Floating Timber Shelving Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - INNOVATIVE.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Teflon Twin Wire Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering.Supply OEM Custom Zippo Hand Warmer Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance.China Supply Custom Brown Rice Pea Protein Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc. External valvuloplasty, such as external vein valve wrapping,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Plastic High Pressure Water Hose Products Cheap Price - Mingou.China Supply Custom Whey Rice Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge RocIt aims to increase the coating surface and restore valve competency by external supportSupply OEM Custom Car Pressure Washer Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingouand has not gained large popularity due to its efficacy. However,Wholesale CE High Quality Sand Blasting Gun Products Cheap Price - Mingou.Supply OEM Custom Unique Bookshelves Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - INNOVATIVE

Overall, all management modalities appear to be safe and effective in the short term and midterm,Supply OEM Custom Sodium Cyclamate For Sale Factory & Supplier Price - Huge RocSupply OEM Custom Artificial Plants Trees Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..Wholesale CE High Quality Power Cable Manufacturers Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering;Wholesale CE High Quality Lid Attached Plastic Crate Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.. FS was associated with the highest failure rate.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Led Nail Uv Lamp Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY,China Supply Custom Pet Artificial Turf Factory & Supplier Price - Green Link New Materials Co.However, high-Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Lcd Nail Dryer Lamp Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY-term follow-Wholesale CE High Quality Bathroom Mat Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..

Acknowledgments

The first three authors (FL, YS, SZ) contributed equally to this article.

References

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