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Int Surg. 2015 Jan; 100(1): 185–189.
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Abstract

China Supply Custom Glass Block Bricks Price Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited. There are a variety of management modalities for varicose veins. The outcomes of the treatment of varicose veins are different. The papers on Wholesale CE High Quality Filter Face Mask Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichen.China Supply Custom Plastic Crate Basket Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM The Best Rice Protein Powder Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc.Supply OEM Custom Pea And Rice Protein Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.

Varicose veins are dilated branches of the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein; the incidence of varicose veins varies from 10% to 30%.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Wholesale Phone Cases Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shenzhen Hxs TechnologyRisk factors of varicose veins include family history, age, and pregnancy; a possible risk factor is standing for a long period of time.Wholesale CE High Quality Now Sports Pea Protein Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc–Supply OEM Custom Beauty Face Mask Products Cheap Price - XingzhichenHigh ligation and stripping is the traditional approach for varicose veins, yet a variety of alternative options have been used in recent decades,Wholesale CE High Quality Medical Plaster Pain Relief Patch Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen(EVLA),Supply OEM Custom Hand Warmers Cvs Factory & Supplier Price - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance(RFA), foam sclerotherapy (FS),China Supply Custom Pvc Mesh Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited.Wholesale CE High Quality Dubai Wire Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited–12v Led Work Lamp

Manifestation and Severity of Varicose Veins

Patients with varicose veins present from asymptomatic to significant symptoms, including discomfort, aching, pain, itching or eczema, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Wholesale CE High Quality Fiber Diet Chart Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge RocThe diagnosis of varicose veins is based on clinical manifestation and ultrasound.China Supply Custom Best Rice Protein Powder Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc. The CEAP (clinical, etiology, anatomy, pathophysiology) classification is used to describe the degree of varicose veins. The “C” part of CEAP classification is more useful and practical in rating the severity of varicose veins (Supply OEM Custom Vanilla Rice Protein Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc).Supply OEM Custom Bicarbonate Supplement Factory & Supplier Price - Huge RocWholesale CE High Quality The Best Rice Protein Powder Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.Supply OEM Custom wound dressing making pad Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen,Anti-Glare Led Linear Light Wholesaler Quotes/PriceListWholesale CE High Quality Plasitc Used Plastic Crates Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.; it can provide a road map of vein anatomy similar to contrast venography, as well as essential hemodynamic information about the presence of proximal obstruction, vein valve function,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Powder Coating Spray Booth Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.

Indication and Contraindication of Treatment for Varicose Veins

The purpose of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent the progression of varicose veins.China Supply Custom Good Protein Powder Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc,Wholesale CE High Quality Soy Milk Protein Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge RocSymptomatic patients with C2 to C6 diseases are indicated for management,China Supply Custom Bosch Car Washer Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Mingou, superficial thrombophlebitis, and bleeding.

Asymptomatic patients can be observed and do not need treatment or prophylactic intervention.Ltd.However, cosmesis is a common reason for treatment of asymptomatic patients, especially for young female patients. It is controversial to perform surgery on patients who have recovered from the superficial phlebitis,Ceramic Wedding Dinnerware Set Suppliers for Salebecause the dilated varicose veins usually disappeared without further surgical treatment. It is not indicated to perform thrombectomy for superficial thrombosis in great saphenous veins.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Turnvoer Plastic Crates Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd., and early surgery in uncomplicated veins will not prevent the development of future varicosities.

Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM 1050 Cooking Aluminum Circle Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology, such as acute DVT,Wholesale CE High Quality Black Metal Steel Strapping Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limitedpregnancy, the superficial veins as collaterals for occluded deep veins, and arterial insufficiency; however,China Supply Custom Weight Of Iron Nails Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited,Supply OEM Custom Gold Detox Foot Patch Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen,China Supply Custom Metal Food Display Rack Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.—further imaging to assess the patency of the deep veins is critical before surgery. Emergent management is usually reserved for bleeding varicosities or suspected DVT.

Modalities for Management of Varicose Veins

Conventional surgical stripping

All management modalities for varicose veins are safe and effective at short-term and midterm follow-up.Wholesale CE High Quality Hair Straightening Brush Suppliers Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRYThe methods to manage great saphenous veins traditionally include ligation and division of the saphenofemoral junction and its tributaries in the groin, stripping the great saphenous veins from groin to knee level. The incompetent small saphenous veins are ligated and divided, rather than stripped, close to the popliteal vein in the knee pit, because stripping small saphenous veins may potentially damage the sural nerve.Supply OEM Custom Mobile Shelves Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVEIt is not rare for recurrence, hematoma, and skin infection to occur after surgical procedure (Supply OEM Custom Agriculture Plastic Tote Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.). And massive bleeding due to injury to femoral veins,Wholesale CE High Quality dressing adhesive polyurethane Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen, and mortality from pulmonary embolism and DVT can happen, even though these are rarely reported.

Table 2

Complications after different modalities for varicose veins

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Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Pet Protein Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc; these belong to the category of minimally invasive catheter-based procedures.Wholesale CE High Quality 4mm Welding Rod Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries LimitedIn this procedure, a catheter is inserted and positioned at 2 cm below the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction.Supply OEM Custom Mini Football Field Artificial Grass Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.. Alternatively,Supply OEM Custom wound dressing making pad Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen.Wholesale CE High Quality Brown Rice Protein Benefits Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom Sun9s Nail Light Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY

Supply OEM Custom Gold Plated Tungsten Wire Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering, no need for hospital admission, no surgical incision, and early resumption of daily activity or work are advantages of this procedure. However, like other surgeries, EVLA still can cause operative or postoperative complications, such as hematoma, infection, skin burn, bruising, and catheter stabbing by laser fiber, or the broken catheter can be left in the body.China Supply Custom Facial Mask Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen,China Supply Custom Cooling Stickers Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen,Supply OEM Custom 75% Vital Wheat Gluten Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge RocChina Supply Custom Thermocouple Bare Wire Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering, recurrence rates,Wholesale CE High Quality Welding Rod 3.15 Mm Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited.China Supply Custom Brown Rice Protein Powder Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc,Supply OEM Custom 6x6 Reinforcing Welded Wire Mesh Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited

Clinical experience shows that the pain after laser ablation contributes to the skin contusion caused between skin and uneven bandages used after the procedure, blisters induced by skin burn,Supply OEM Custom Aluminum Blower Cover Factory & Supplier Price - Highpoint MachinerySupply OEM Custom Antimalarials Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines;Wholesale CE High Quality Surgical Dressing Membrane Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen. Using proper compression stocking rather than bandage may reduce the risk of skin contusion. In addition, early ambulation is always critical to preventing DVT.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Natural Material Facial Mask Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen,Teacup Rides

Radiofrequency ablation

Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Hydraulic Hose High Pressure Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingou; it delivers thermal energy from a bipolar catheter to the insufficient veins. RFA is an effective and safe treatment modality for incompetent veins, and it can be performed in-office as a minimally invasive procedure. The advantages of RFA include low complication rate, reduced pain, high vein occlusion rates,China Supply Custom Artificial Oak Trees Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..

Currently available clinical trial evidence suggests RFA and EVLA are at least as effective as surgery in the treatment of great saphenous varicose veins. Ltd.,Wholesale CE High Quality Welded Gabion Mesh Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited,China Supply Custom Sodium Bicarbonate Baking Soda Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc

Foam sclerotherapy

Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Mi Thermocouple Cable Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical Engineering; it can be undertaken in the outpatient clinic,Supply OEM Custom Powder Coating Line For Cabinet Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Customized Assembly Line Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co.Observational studies found that success rates vary from 82% to 100%,Magic Automatic Hair Straight IronWholesale CE High Quality Plastic Wheeled Crate Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.. It takes approximately 1 hour to perform FS, patients do not need to take medicine or stay in the hospital, and patients can go home or continue to work immediately after the procedure. The efficacy of FS is obvious in comparison with conventional surgical stripping (Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Gmo Free Soya Lecithin Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc). Complications after FS are rare, including bruising, thrombophlebitis, skin pigmentation, and visual disturbance.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Stihl Gun Adapter Factory & Supplier Price - Mingou

An external file that holds a picture, illustration, etc. Object name is i0020-8868-100-1-185-f01.jpg

Comparison of postoperative outcomes after conventional surgical stripping (A) with FS (B and C). Multiple surgical scars seen after surgical stripping (A); no visible varicose veins seen 4 days after FS (C) versus obvious varicose veins prior to FS.

Ambulatory phlebectomy

Ambulatory phlebectomy is an outpatient procedure that removes superficial veins through small 2- to 3-mm incisions in the skin overlying the varicose veins and is performed under local anesthesia. The accepted indications for this technique are side branch varicose veins, and varicose veins of the foot, around the ankle, and the knee pit. The most important instrument for this technique is the vein retractor or phlebectomy hook. There are two ways by which the veins can be grasped. The phlebectomy hook is inserted through an incision and the varicose vein is hooked, extracted, and subsequently fixed with a clamp; the vein is finally pulled out by turning the exteriorized part of the vein. Graded compression stockings or compression bandages are usually used for 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure. This procedure is often used as an adjunct to EVLA or RFA, either concomitantly or in the sequential management of tributaries for symptomatic varicose veins. The complications are uncommon but include paresthesia, bruising, hemorrhage, and hematoma. EVLA with with both treatments achieves excellent results at 5 years. Concomitant treatment of varicosities is associated with optimal improvement in both clinical disease severity and quality of life.China Supply Custom Portable Handheld Sun6 48w Nail Lamp Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Intelligence Learning Tools Games Products Cheap Price - Unionrise I&E

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Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Fence Barb Wire Arm Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited. The most common cause is the valve insufficiency of the deep veins due to DVT; in rare conditions it can be due to congenital valve or vessel abnormalities.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Pea Protein Powder Brands Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc,China Supply Custom Cooling Stickers Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen.Supply OEM Custom Children Plastic Suncatchers Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Unionrise I&EChina Supply Custom Electric Hot Gel Bag Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM What Foods Are High In Fiber List Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom Max Protein Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom Add Sweetness To Beverages Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Nestable Plastic Packaging Crate Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.. External valvuloplasty, such as external vein valve wrapping,Wholesale CE High Quality Armature Testing Panel Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd..Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Hand Warmer Packs Factory & Supplier Price - Jade Rabbit Electrical ApplianceIt aims to increase the coating surface and restore valve competency by external supportSupply OEM Custom Plastic Compartment Storage Box Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.and has not gained large popularity due to its efficacy. However,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Green Peas Protein Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Wood Shelves For Sale Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVE

Overall, all management modalities appear to be safe and effective in the short term and midterm,China Supply Custom Electric Iron Without Wire Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries LimitedSupply OEM Custom Fep/Pfa Cable Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.Supply OEM Custom Spiral Bevel Gear Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Fenghe;Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Children Foam Toys Products Cheap Price - Unionrise I&E. FS was associated with the highest failure rate.China Supply Custom Foam Sprayer Factory & Supplier Price - Mingou,Supply OEM Custom Soy Protein Isolate Cas 9010-10-0 Factory & Supplier Price - Huge RocHowever, high-Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Painted Aluminum Coil Products Cheap Price - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology-term follow-Wholesale CE High Quality Solid Timber Floating Shelves Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE.

Acknowledgments

The first three authors (FL, YS, SZ) contributed equally to this article.

References

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