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Int Surg. 2015 Jan; 100(1): 185–189.
doi:Ltd.
PMCID:PMC4301287
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Abstract

China Supply Custom Electronic Hair Straightener Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY. There are a variety of management modalities for varicose veins. The outcomes of the treatment of varicose veins are different. The papers on China Supply Custom Hard Drawn Wire Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Large Artificial Trees Factory & Supplier Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..China Supply Custom Plastic Net Baskets Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..China Supply Custom Vented Crate Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..

Varicose veins are dilated branches of the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein; the incidence of varicose veins varies from 10% to 30%.Wholesale CE High Quality Red Rice Protein Factory & Supplier Price - Huge RocRisk factors of varicose veins include family history, age, and pregnancy; a possible risk factor is standing for a long period of time.China Supply Custom Compensating Cable/Wire Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering–Supply OEM Custom Poultry Drugs Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing MedicinesHigh ligation and stripping is the traditional approach for varicose veins, yet a variety of alternative options have been used in recent decades,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Natural Material Facial Mask Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen(EVLA),China Supply Custom Electrostatic Powder Coating Spray Gun Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering(RFA), foam sclerotherapy (FS),Supply OEM Custom Plastic Compartment Storage Box Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..Supply OEM Custom Daily Dietary Fiber Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc–Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Auto Spray Coating Machine Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical Engineering

Manifestation and Severity of Varicose Veins

Patients with varicose veins present from asymptomatic to significant symptoms, including discomfort, aching, pain, itching or eczema, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Ltd.The diagnosis of varicose veins is based on clinical manifestation and ultrasound.China Supply Custom Antibiotic Powder Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines. The CEAP (clinical, etiology, anatomy, pathophysiology) classification is used to describe the degree of varicose veins. The “C” part of CEAP classification is more useful and practical in rating the severity of varicose veins (Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Plastic Crate Storage Crate With Cover Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.).Supply OEM Custom Nail Polish Factory Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries LimitedSupply OEM Custom Calcium Propionate Price Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc.Supply OEM Custom Vitamin C Brands Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Manage Diarrheal Dehydration Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing MedicinesWholesale CE High Quality Rotor Assembly Machine Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd.; it can provide a road map of vein anatomy similar to contrast venography, as well as essential hemodynamic information about the presence of proximal obstruction, vein valve function,Wholesale CE High Quality Cell Phone Case Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shenzhen Hxs Technology.

Table 1

CEAP classification: C (clinical component)

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Indication and Contraindication of Treatment for Varicose Veins

The purpose of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent the progression of varicose veins.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Plastic Palette Factory & Supplier Price - Unionrise I&E,China Supply Custom Weight Of Iron Nails Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries LimitedSymptomatic patients with C2 to C6 diseases are indicated for management,China Supply Custom Reinforced Mesh Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited, superficial thrombophlebitis, and bleeding.

Asymptomatic patients can be observed and do not need treatment or prophylactic intervention.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Diamond Nail Dryer Factory & Supplier Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRYHowever, cosmesis is a common reason for treatment of asymptomatic patients, especially for young female patients. It is controversial to perform surgery on patients who have recovered from the superficial phlebitis,2-Methyl Ethanolamine Supplier & Manufacturerbecause the dilated varicose veins usually disappeared without further surgical treatment. It is not indicated to perform thrombectomy for superficial thrombosis in great saphenous veins.Wholesale CE High Quality 22 Awg Wire Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited, and early surgery in uncomplicated veins will not prevent the development of future varicosities.

Wholesale CE High Quality 10% Butafosfan Vitamin B12 Injection Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - KeMing Medicines, such as acute DVT,Supply OEM Custom Telescopic Aerial Working Vehicle Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Fenghepregnancy, the superficial veins as collaterals for occluded deep veins, and arterial insufficiency; however,Supply OEM Custom Nutribiotic Rice Protein Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Hot Sale Soy Lecithin Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc,Wholesale CE High Quality Plastic Crate With Foldable Lids Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.—further imaging to assess the patency of the deep veins is critical before surgery. Emergent management is usually reserved for bleeding varicosities or suspected DVT.

Modalities for Management of Varicose Veins

Conventional surgical stripping

All management modalities for varicose veins are safe and effective at short-term and midterm follow-up.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Injection Machine Plastic Crate Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.The methods to manage great saphenous veins traditionally include ligation and division of the saphenofemoral junction and its tributaries in the groin, stripping the great saphenous veins from groin to knee level. The incompetent small saphenous veins are ligated and divided, rather than stripped, close to the popliteal vein in the knee pit, because stripping small saphenous veins may potentially damage the sural nerve.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Now Organic Pea Protein Products Cheap Price - Huge RocIt is not rare for recurrence, hematoma, and skin infection to occur after surgical procedure (Supply OEM Custom Brown Rice Whey Protein Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc). And massive bleeding due to injury to femoral veins,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Kid Drawing Board Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Unionrise I&E, and mortality from pulmonary embolism and DVT can happen, even though these are rarely reported.

Table 2

Complications after different modalities for varicose veins

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Supply OEM Custom Packaging Aluminium Foil Factory & Supplier Price - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology; these belong to the category of minimally invasive catheter-based procedures.China Supply Custom Ptfe Teflon Wire Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical EngineeringIn this procedure, a catheter is inserted and positioned at 2 cm below the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction.China Supply Custom Pea Protein Vegan Shake Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc. Alternatively,Wholesale CE High Quality Gangkai Non Woven Surgical Face Masks Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen.Supply OEM Custom Antimalarials Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines.Wholesale CE High Quality Hard Drawn Wire Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited

Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Ammonium Bicarbonate Baking Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc, no need for hospital admission, no surgical incision, and early resumption of daily activity or work are advantages of this procedure. However, like other surgeries, EVLA still can cause operative or postoperative complications, such as hematoma, infection, skin burn, bruising, and catheter stabbing by laser fiber, or the broken catheter can be left in the body.Wholesale CE High Quality Spraying Reciprocate Machine Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering,Supply OEM Custom Where To Buy Lecithin Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc,Aluminum Die Casting MouldingWholesale CE High Quality Small Plastic Crate Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd., recurrence rates,Supply OEM Custom Hair Straightening Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY. Ltd.,Supply OEM Custom Black Steel Strapping Strip Manufacturer Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited

Clinical experience shows that the pain after laser ablation contributes to the skin contusion caused between skin and uneven bandages used after the procedure, blisters induced by skin burn,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Plastic Net Baskets Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd. Ltd.;China Supply Custom Vitamin C Deciency Syrup Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines. Using proper compression stocking rather than bandage may reduce the risk of skin contusion. In addition, early ambulation is always critical to preventing DVT.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Whey Protein 80 Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc,Office Workstation Table

Radiofrequency ablation

Supply OEM Custom Galvanized Steel Wire Mesh 3mm Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited; it delivers thermal energy from a bipolar catheter to the insufficient veins. RFA is an effective and safe treatment modality for incompetent veins, and it can be performed in-office as a minimally invasive procedure. The advantages of RFA include low complication rate, reduced pain, high vein occlusion rates,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Field Fence Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited.

Currently available clinical trial evidence suggests RFA and EVLA are at least as effective as surgery in the treatment of great saphenous varicose veins.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Black Iron Wire Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited,China Supply Custom hydrocolloid dressing Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM High Protein Powder Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc

Foam sclerotherapy

Supply OEM Custom Vitamin B Complex Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines; it can be undertaken in the outpatient clinic,Supply OEM Custom Hotsell Soccer Artificial Turf Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..China Supply Custom Container House Prefab Houses Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical EngineeringObservational studies found that success rates vary from 82% to 100%,m.cnmirant.comWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Vitamin C Tablet Rose Hip Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines. It takes approximately 1 hour to perform FS, patients do not need to take medicine or stay in the hospital, and patients can go home or continue to work immediately after the procedure. The efficacy of FS is obvious in comparison with conventional surgical stripping (Wholesale CE High Quality dressing adhesive polyurethane Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen). Complications after FS are rare, including bruising, thrombophlebitis, skin pigmentation, and visual disturbance.Ltd.

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Comparison of postoperative outcomes after conventional surgical stripping (A) with FS (B and C). Multiple surgical scars seen after surgical stripping (A); no visible varicose veins seen 4 days after FS (C) versus obvious varicose veins prior to FS.

Ambulatory phlebectomy

Ambulatory phlebectomy is an outpatient procedure that removes superficial veins through small 2- to 3-mm incisions in the skin overlying the varicose veins and is performed under local anesthesia. The accepted indications for this technique are side branch varicose veins, and varicose veins of the foot, around the ankle, and the knee pit. The most important instrument for this technique is the vein retractor or phlebectomy hook. There are two ways by which the veins can be grasped. The phlebectomy hook is inserted through an incision and the varicose vein is hooked, extracted, and subsequently fixed with a clamp; the vein is finally pulled out by turning the exteriorized part of the vein. Graded compression stockings or compression bandages are usually used for 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure. This procedure is often used as an adjunct to EVLA or RFA, either concomitantly or in the sequential management of tributaries for symptomatic varicose veins. The complications are uncommon but include paresthesia, bruising, hemorrhage, and hematoma. EVLA with with both treatments achieves excellent results at 5 years. Concomitant treatment of varicosities is associated with optimal improvement in both clinical disease severity and quality of life.Wholesale CE High Quality Mobile Shelving Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVE,Commercial Used Food Truck Sale

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China Supply Custom Professional Nail Dryer Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY. The most common cause is the valve insufficiency of the deep veins due to DVT; in rare conditions it can be due to congenital valve or vessel abnormalities.Supply OEM Custom Foam Gun Car Wash Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingou,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Duckback Hot Water Bag Factory & Supplier Price - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance.Wholesale CE High Quality Antifungal Agents Products Cheap Price - KeMing MedicinesWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Artificial Ficus Plant Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..China Supply Custom Sstorage Turnover Large Plastic Crate Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..Wholesale CE High Quality Dubai Wire Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Large Plastic Crate Box Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..China Supply Custom Pure Gold Collagen Facial Mask Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichen. External valvuloplasty, such as external vein valve wrapping,Wholesale CE High Quality Cell Phone Case Factory & Supplier Price - Shenzhen Hxs Technology.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Phone Case Website Products Cheap Price - Shenzhen Hxs TechnologyIt aims to increase the coating surface and restore valve competency by external supportWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Artificial Ficus Plant Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co.and has not gained large popularity due to its efficacy. However,China Supply Custom hydrophilic gel Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen.Supply OEM Custom Overhead Rack Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE

Overall, all management modalities appear to be safe and effective in the short term and midterm,Supply OEM Custom Vegan Pea Rice Protein Powder Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge RocWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Protein Shake Nutrition Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom Blower Wheel Aluminum Casting Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Highpoint Machinery;China Supply Custom Motorcycles Aluminum Casting Parts Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Highpoint Machinery. FS was associated with the highest failure rate.Supply OEM Custom Fence Post Concret Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Coil Nails For Pallets Price Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries LimitedHowever, high-Wholesale CE High Quality Outdoor Artificial Turf Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.-term follow-China Supply Custom Now Sprouted Brown Rice Protein Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc.

Acknowledgments

The first three authors (FL, YS, SZ) contributed equally to this article.

References

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