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Int Surg. 2015 Jan; 100(1): 185–189.
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Abstract

Wholesale CE High Quality Adapter Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Mingou. There are a variety of management modalities for varicose veins. The outcomes of the treatment of varicose veins are different. The papers on China Supply Custom Black Mud Facial Mask Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Baking Soda Uses For Health Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom Container House Prefab Houses Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.China Supply Custom Mini Nail Dryer Lamp Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY.

Varicose veins are dilated branches of the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein; the incidence of varicose veins varies from 10% to 30%.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Mini Bear Finger & Toe Nail Dryer Factory & Supplier Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRYRisk factors of varicose veins include family history, age, and pregnancy; a possible risk factor is standing for a long period of time.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Green Pea Protein Powder Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc–China Supply Custom Wire Fencing Materials Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries LimitedHigh ligation and stripping is the traditional approach for varicose veins, yet a variety of alternative options have been used in recent decades,Supply OEM Custom Sealess Steel Strapping Tool Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited(EVLA),Supply OEM Custom Light Duty Cantilever Rack Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE(RFA), foam sclerotherapy (FS),Supply OEM Custom Bakers Ammonia Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom Electric Hot Gel Bag Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance–Artificial Stone Molds

Manifestation and Severity of Varicose Veins

Patients with varicose veins present from asymptomatic to significant symptoms, including discomfort, aching, pain, itching or eczema, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Supply OEM Custom Good Whey Protein Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge RocThe diagnosis of varicose veins is based on clinical manifestation and ultrasound.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Stihl Gun Adapter Factory & Supplier Price - Mingou. The CEAP (clinical, etiology, anatomy, pathophysiology) classification is used to describe the degree of varicose veins. The “C” part of CEAP classification is more useful and practical in rating the severity of varicose veins (China Supply Custom Protein Rice Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc).Supply OEM Custom Aluminum Profile Products Cheap Price - Shuanglin Jiate Metal TechnologyChina Supply Custom Hand Warmers Walmart Factory & Supplier Price - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Steel Strapping Clip Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited,Supply OEM Custom Galvanized Barbed Wire Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries LimitedWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Powder Spray Cabinet Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering; it can provide a road map of vein anatomy similar to contrast venography, as well as essential hemodynamic information about the presence of proximal obstruction, vein valve function,Wholesale CE High Quality Cabinet Paint Drying Oven Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical Engineering.

Indication and Contraindication of Treatment for Varicose Veins

The purpose of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent the progression of varicose veins.Supply OEM Custom Vital Pea Protein Powder Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc,Wholesale CE High Quality Bromhexine Hydrochloride Syrup Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing MedicinesSymptomatic patients with C2 to C6 diseases are indicated for management,China Supply Custom Glass Block Bricks Price Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited, superficial thrombophlebitis, and bleeding.

Asymptomatic patients can be observed and do not need treatment or prophylactic intervention.Wholesale CE High Quality Daily Dietary Fiber Factory & Supplier Price - Huge RocHowever, cosmesis is a common reason for treatment of asymptomatic patients, especially for young female patients. It is controversial to perform surgery on patients who have recovered from the superficial phlebitis,Factory Phillip Screwsbecause the dilated varicose veins usually disappeared without further surgical treatment. It is not indicated to perform thrombectomy for superficial thrombosis in great saphenous veins.Wholesale CE High Quality Filter Face Mask Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichen, and early surgery in uncomplicated veins will not prevent the development of future varicosities.

China Supply Custom Plastic Crate Basket Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd., such as acute DVT,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Heavy Duty Warehouse Racks Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVEpregnancy, the superficial veins as collaterals for occluded deep veins, and arterial insufficiency; however,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM The Best Rice Protein Powder Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc,Supply OEM Custom Pea And Rice Protein Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc,Wholesale CE High Quality Medical Plaster Pain Relief Patch Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen—further imaging to assess the patency of the deep veins is critical before surgery. Emergent management is usually reserved for bleeding varicosities or suspected DVT.

Modalities for Management of Varicose Veins

Conventional surgical stripping

All management modalities for varicose veins are safe and effective at short-term and midterm follow-up.Ltd.The methods to manage great saphenous veins traditionally include ligation and division of the saphenofemoral junction and its tributaries in the groin, stripping the great saphenous veins from groin to knee level. The incompetent small saphenous veins are ligated and divided, rather than stripped, close to the popliteal vein in the knee pit, because stripping small saphenous veins may potentially damage the sural nerve.Supply OEM Custom Plastic Cap Roofing Nails Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries LimitedIt is not rare for recurrence, hematoma, and skin infection to occur after surgical procedure (Wholesale CE High Quality Bronze Welding Rod Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited). And massive bleeding due to injury to femoral veins,Supply OEM Custom Hand Warmers Cvs Factory & Supplier Price - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance, and mortality from pulmonary embolism and DVT can happen, even though these are rarely reported.

Table 2

Complications after different modalities for varicose veins

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China Supply Custom Best Rice Protein Powder Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc; these belong to the category of minimally invasive catheter-based procedures.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Resistant Ptfe Wire Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical EngineeringIn this procedure, a catheter is inserted and positioned at 2 cm below the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction.Wholesale CE High Quality The Best Rice Protein Powder Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc. Alternatively,Wholesale CE High Quality Plasitc Used Plastic Crates Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Powder Coating Spray Booth Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Kids Coloring Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Unionrise I&E

China Supply Custom Bosch Car Washer Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Mingou, no need for hospital admission, no surgical incision, and early resumption of daily activity or work are advantages of this procedure. However, like other surgeries, EVLA still can cause operative or postoperative complications, such as hematoma, infection, skin burn, bruising, and catheter stabbing by laser fiber, or the broken catheter can be left in the body.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Where To Find Pea Protein Powder Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc,Supply OEM Custom Needle Winding Machine Factory & Supplier Price - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co.,Laser Cutting Machine CncWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Turnvoer Plastic Crates Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd., recurrence rates,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM 1050 Cooking Aluminum Circle Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology.China Supply Custom Vitamin Injection B12 Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines,Supply OEM Custom Warehouse Racking Costs Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVE

Clinical experience shows that the pain after laser ablation contributes to the skin contusion caused between skin and uneven bandages used after the procedure, blisters induced by skin burn,China Supply Custom Weight Of Iron Nails Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries LimitedLtd.;Supply OEM Custom Gold Detox Foot Patch Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen. Using proper compression stocking rather than bandage may reduce the risk of skin contusion. In addition, early ambulation is always critical to preventing DVT.China Supply Custom Etfe Insulated Wire Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical Engineering,China Supply Custom Aluminum Lighting Heatsink Housing Products Cheap Price - Highpoint Machinery

Radiofrequency ablation

China Supply Custom Metal Food Display Rack Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.; it delivers thermal energy from a bipolar catheter to the insufficient veins. RFA is an effective and safe treatment modality for incompetent veins, and it can be performed in-office as a minimally invasive procedure. The advantages of RFA include low complication rate, reduced pain, high vein occlusion rates,Wholesale CE High Quality dressing adhesive polyurethane Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen.

Currently available clinical trial evidence suggests RFA and EVLA are at least as effective as surgery in the treatment of great saphenous varicose veins.China Supply Custom Whey Protein Powder For Diabetics Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc,Ltd.,Wholesale CE High Quality Plastic Wire Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited

Foam sclerotherapy

China Supply Custom Antipyretic And Analgesic Injection Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines; it can be undertaken in the outpatient clinic,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Pet Protein Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom Food Addtivies Calcium Propionate Products Cheap Price - Huge RocObservational studies found that success rates vary from 82% to 100%,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM High Sources Of Fiber Products Cheap Price - Huge RocSupply OEM Custom Mini Football Field Artificial Grass Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.. It takes approximately 1 hour to perform FS, patients do not need to take medicine or stay in the hospital, and patients can go home or continue to work immediately after the procedure. The efficacy of FS is obvious in comparison with conventional surgical stripping (China Supply Custom Effervescent Tablets Vd Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines). Complications after FS are rare, including bruising, thrombophlebitis, skin pigmentation, and visual disturbance.China Supply Custom Gun-Fix Painting Line Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering

An external file that holds a picture, illustration, etc. Object name is i0020-8868-100-1-185-f01.jpg

Comparison of postoperative outcomes after conventional surgical stripping (A) with FS (B and C). Multiple surgical scars seen after surgical stripping (A); no visible varicose veins seen 4 days after FS (C) versus obvious varicose veins prior to FS.

Ambulatory phlebectomy

Ambulatory phlebectomy is an outpatient procedure that removes superficial veins through small 2- to 3-mm incisions in the skin overlying the varicose veins and is performed under local anesthesia. The accepted indications for this technique are side branch varicose veins, and varicose veins of the foot, around the ankle, and the knee pit. The most important instrument for this technique is the vein retractor or phlebectomy hook. There are two ways by which the veins can be grasped. The phlebectomy hook is inserted through an incision and the varicose vein is hooked, extracted, and subsequently fixed with a clamp; the vein is finally pulled out by turning the exteriorized part of the vein. Graded compression stockings or compression bandages are usually used for 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure. This procedure is often used as an adjunct to EVLA or RFA, either concomitantly or in the sequential management of tributaries for symptomatic varicose veins. The complications are uncommon but include paresthesia, bruising, hemorrhage, and hematoma. EVLA with with both treatments achieves excellent results at 5 years. Concomitant treatment of varicosities is associated with optimal improvement in both clinical disease severity and quality of life.Supply OEM Custom Hollow Glass Block Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited,Portable Waste Pump

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Wholesale CE High Quality Brown Rice Protein Benefits Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc. The most common cause is the valve insufficiency of the deep veins due to DVT; in rare conditions it can be due to congenital valve or vessel abnormalities.Supply OEM Custom Gold Plated Tungsten Wire Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering,China Supply Custom Thermocouple Bare Wire Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.Ltd.Wholesale CE High Quality Welding Rod 3.15 Mm Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited.Supply OEM Custom Aluminum Blower Cover Factory & Supplier Price - Highpoint Machinery.Wholesale CE High Quality Surgical Dressing Membrane Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Hydraulic Hose High Pressure Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingou.China Supply Custom Artificial Oak Trees Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.. External valvuloplasty, such as external vein valve wrapping,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Mi Thermocouple Cable Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical Engineering.Supply OEM Custom Organic Brown Rice Protein Powder Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge RocIt aims to increase the coating surface and restore valve competency by external supportWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Tpu Iphone 7 Case Products Cheap Price - Shenzhen Hxs Technologyand has not gained large popularity due to its efficacy. However,Supply OEM Custom Powder Coating Line For Cabinet Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.Wholesale CE High Quality Thermocouple Wire Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering

Overall, all management modalities appear to be safe and effective in the short term and midterm,Supply OEM Custom Mini Wax Warmer Factory & Supplier Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRYWholesale CE High Quality Plastic Wheeled Crate Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..Supply OEM Custom Nichrome Thermocouple Wire Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering;Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Fence Barb Wire Arm Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited. FS was associated with the highest failure rate.China Supply Custom Antibiotic Ivermectin Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines,Wholesale CE High Quality Magic Hair Curlers Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRYHowever, high-Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Pea Protein Powder Brands Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc-term follow-China Supply Custom Cooling Stickers Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen.

Acknowledgments

The first three authors (FL, YS, SZ) contributed equally to this article.

References

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