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Fan Lin
1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Shiyi Zhang
2Department of Vascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, China
Yan Sun
2Department of Vascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, China
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1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Peng Liu
1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Abstract
Wholesale CE High Quality Blue And Waxed Steel Strapping Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited. There are a variety of management modalities for varicose veins. The outcomes of the treatment of varicose veins are different. The papers on China Supply Custom Unflavored Whey Protein Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.Supply OEM Custom Spray Painting Machine Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering.Supply OEM Custom Delcom Electric Warm Bag Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Gun-Fix Automatic Uv Paint Spraying Line Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering.
Varicose veins are dilated branches of the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein; the incidence of varicose veins varies from 10% to 30%.Ltd.Risk factors of varicose veins include family history, age, and pregnancy; a possible risk factor is standing for a long period of time.Wholesale CE High Quality Brown Rice Protein Supplement Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc–China Supply Custom Hot Dipped Galvanized Welded Wire Mesh Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries LimitedHigh ligation and stripping is the traditional approach for varicose veins, yet a variety of alternative options have been used in recent decades,China Supply Custom Hangzhou Jinding Aluminium Industry Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology(EVLA),Wholesale CE High Quality High Protein Brown Rice Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc(RFA), foam sclerotherapy (FS),Wholesale CE High Quality Hot Sale Plastic Pallet Unfoldable Box Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Protein Shake Nutrition Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc–500w Fiber Laser Cutting Machine
Manifestation and Severity of Varicose Veins
Patients with varicose veins present from asymptomatic to significant symptoms, including discomfort, aching, pain, itching or eczema, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Stranded Conductor Silicone Wire Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical EngineeringThe diagnosis of varicose veins is based on clinical manifestation and ultrasound.China Supply Custom Plastic Grass Carpet Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.. The CEAP (clinical, etiology, anatomy, pathophysiology) classification is used to describe the degree of varicose veins. The “C” part of CEAP classification is more useful and practical in rating the severity of varicose veins (Wholesale CE High Quality Plastic Crates With Cover Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.).Wholesale CE High Quality Caesarean Section Dressing Factory & Supplier Price - XingzhichenWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Color Goods Stands Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Face Paint Factory & Supplier Price - Unionrise I&E,Goose Down Sleeping BagChina Supply Custom Muscle Whey Protein Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc; it can provide a road map of vein anatomy similar to contrast venography, as well as essential hemodynamic information about the presence of proximal obstruction, vein valve function,China Supply Custom 50ml 100ml Vitamin B Complex Injection Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines.
Table 1
CEAP classification: C (clinical component)
Indication and Contraindication of Treatment for Varicose Veins
The purpose of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent the progression of varicose veins.Wholesale CE High Quality Modular Wooden Shelving Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVE,Supply OEM Custom Single Wire Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries LimitedSymptomatic patients with C2 to C6 diseases are indicated for management,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Storage Crate With Cover Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd., superficial thrombophlebitis, and bleeding.
Asymptomatic patients can be observed and do not need treatment or prophylactic intervention.China Supply Custom Bacteriostatic Dressing Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - XingzhichenHowever, cosmesis is a common reason for treatment of asymptomatic patients, especially for young female patients. It is controversial to perform surgery on patients who have recovered from the superficial phlebitis,Co2 Facial Laser Resurfacingbecause the dilated varicose veins usually disappeared without further surgical treatment. It is not indicated to perform thrombectomy for superficial thrombosis in great saphenous veins.Wholesale CE High Quality Hot Dip Galvanized Mesh Fence Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited, and early surgery in uncomplicated veins will not prevent the development of future varicosities.
Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Plastic Floor Camping Mats Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd., such as acute DVT, Ltd.pregnancy, the superficial veins as collaterals for occluded deep veins, and arterial insufficiency; however,Wholesale CE High Quality sheet face mask oem Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen,Wholesale CE High Quality Plastic Dolly For Sale Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.,Supply OEM Custom Brown Rice Whey Protein Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc—further imaging to assess the patency of the deep veins is critical before surgery. Emergent management is usually reserved for bleeding varicosities or suspected DVT.
Modalities for Management of Varicose Veins
Conventional surgical stripping
All management modalities for varicose veins are safe and effective at short-term and midterm follow-up.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Jet Power Pressure Washer Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - MingouThe methods to manage great saphenous veins traditionally include ligation and division of the saphenofemoral junction and its tributaries in the groin, stripping the great saphenous veins from groin to knee level. The incompetent small saphenous veins are ligated and divided, rather than stripped, close to the popliteal vein in the knee pit, because stripping small saphenous veins may potentially damage the sural nerve.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Vitamin B12 Lozenge Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - KeMing MedicinesIt is not rare for recurrence, hematoma, and skin infection to occur after surgical procedure (China Supply Custom Gmo Free Soya Lecithin Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc). And massive bleeding due to injury to femoral veins,China Supply Custom Spray Paint Ventilation System Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical Engineering, and mortality from pulmonary embolism and DVT can happen, even though these are rarely reported.
Table 2
Complications after different modalities for varicose veins
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Supply OEM Custom Overhead Rack Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE; these belong to the category of minimally invasive catheter-based procedures.Wholesale CE High Quality Rope Course Advanture Factory & Supplier Price - Shanghai Mutong ToysIn this procedure, a catheter is inserted and positioned at 2 cm below the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction.Supply OEM Custom Injection Machine Plastic Crates Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.. Alternatively,Wholesale CE High Quality Pea Protein Food Grade Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.Supply OEM Custom Kid Drawing Board Products Cheap Price - Unionrise I&E.China Supply Custom Professional Factory Mode Plastic Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.
Supply OEM Custom Mini Electronic Nail Dryer Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY, no need for hospital admission, no surgical incision, and early resumption of daily activity or work are advantages of this procedure. However, like other surgeries, EVLA still can cause operative or postoperative complications, such as hematoma, infection, skin burn, bruising, and catheter stabbing by laser fiber, or the broken catheter can be left in the body.Wholesale CE High Quality School Playground Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co.,Supply OEM Custom Outdoor Gym Equipemnt Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shanghai Mutong Toys,Pizza Food BagWholesale CE High Quality Artificial Boxwood Topiary Trees Factory & Supplier Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd., recurrence rates,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Road Machinery Products Cheap Price - Fenghe.Ltd.,Wholesale CE High Quality Soy Lecithin Powder Low Price Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc
Clinical experience shows that the pain after laser ablation contributes to the skin contusion caused between skin and uneven bandages used after the procedure, blisters induced by skin burn,Supply OEM Custom Synthetic Turf Artifical Grass Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.Supply OEM Custom Dihydroartemisinin Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines;Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Heavy Duty Warehouse Racks Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVE. Using proper compression stocking rather than bandage may reduce the risk of skin contusion. In addition, early ambulation is always critical to preventing DVT.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Barbed Wire3.0 Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited,Constitance Tester Products Made in China
Radiofrequency ablation
Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Decorative Artificial Grass Factory & Supplier Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.; it delivers thermal energy from a bipolar catheter to the insufficient veins. RFA is an effective and safe treatment modality for incompetent veins, and it can be performed in-office as a minimally invasive procedure. The advantages of RFA include low complication rate, reduced pain, high vein occlusion rates,Supply OEM Custom Mini Spray Booth Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.
Currently available clinical trial evidence suggests RFA and EVLA are at least as effective as surgery in the treatment of great saphenous varicose veins.China Supply Custom Floating Timber Shelving Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - INNOVATIVE,Wholesale CE High Quality Fiberglass Aqua Slide For Pool Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shanghai Mutong Toys,Supply OEM Custom Artesunate Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines
Foam sclerotherapy
Wholesale CE High Quality Electric Powder Coating Oven Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical Engineering; it can be undertaken in the outpatient clinic,Supply OEM Custom Plastic Tote Dolly Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Vital Wheat Gluten Food Grade Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge RocObservational studies found that success rates vary from 82% to 100%,100%Cotton Terry Colth FbaricWholesale CE High Quality Caesarean Section Dressing Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen. It takes approximately 1 hour to perform FS, patients do not need to take medicine or stay in the hospital, and patients can go home or continue to work immediately after the procedure. The efficacy of FS is obvious in comparison with conventional surgical stripping (Supply OEM Custom Mfa Insulation Wire Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering). Complications after FS are rare, including bruising, thrombophlebitis, skin pigmentation, and visual disturbance.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Artist Sketching Metallic Color Pencil Factory & Supplier Price - Unionrise I&E
Comparison of postoperative outcomes after conventional surgical stripping (A) with FS (B and C). Multiple surgical scars seen after surgical stripping (A); no visible varicose veins seen 4 days after FS (C) versus obvious varicose veins prior to FS.
Ambulatory phlebectomy
Ambulatory phlebectomy is an outpatient procedure that removes superficial veins through small 2- to 3-mm incisions in the skin overlying the varicose veins and is performed under local anesthesia. The accepted indications for this technique are side branch varicose veins, and varicose veins of the foot, around the ankle, and the knee pit. The most important instrument for this technique is the vein retractor or phlebectomy hook. There are two ways by which the veins can be grasped. The phlebectomy hook is inserted through an incision and the varicose vein is hooked, extracted, and subsequently fixed with a clamp; the vein is finally pulled out by turning the exteriorized part of the vein. Graded compression stockings or compression bandages are usually used for 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure. This procedure is often used as an adjunct to EVLA or RFA, either concomitantly or in the sequential management of tributaries for symptomatic varicose veins. The complications are uncommon but include paresthesia, bruising, hemorrhage, and hematoma. EVLA with with both treatments achieves excellent results at 5 years. Concomitant treatment of varicosities is associated with optimal improvement in both clinical disease severity and quality of life.China Supply Custom Self Service Car Wash Equipment Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingou,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Natural Material Facial Mask Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen
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Wholesale CE High Quality 8 Cp95 /Nf13 - Sodium Cyclamate Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc. The most common cause is the valve insufficiency of the deep veins due to DVT; in rare conditions it can be due to congenital valve or vessel abnormalities.Supply OEM Custom Mineral Wool Panel Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical Engineering,China Supply Custom Mirror Polished Aluminum Coil Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology.Supply OEM Custom Painless Dressing Products Cheap Price - XingzhichenWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Soft Iron Wire Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited.China Supply Custom Solid Plastic Crates Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..China Supply Custom Automatic Painting Machine Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering.Supply OEM Custom Good Quality Powder Coating Line Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Tasteless Protein Powder Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc. External valvuloplasty, such as external vein valve wrapping,China Supply Custom Buy Ammonium Carbonate Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Games Manufacturer Products Cheap Price - Unionrise I&EIt aims to increase the coating surface and restore valve competency by external supportWholesale CE High Quality Die Casting Auto Parts Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Highpoint Machineryand has not gained large popularity due to its efficacy. However,China Supply Custom Perfect Whey Protein Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Pea Plant Protein Powder Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc
Overall, all management modalities appear to be safe and effective in the short term and midterm,Supply OEM Custom Ammonium Bicarbonate For Hair Care Products Cheap Price - Huge RocSupply OEM Custom 20awg Nickel Plated Copper Silicone Rubber Coated Wire Ul3141 Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM New Design Foldable Plastic Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.;Supply OEM Custom Motto Barbed Wire Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited. FS was associated with the highest failure rate.Wholesale CE High Quality Bulk Bicarbonate Of Soda Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Neural Relaxation Patch Products Cheap Price - XingzhichenHowever, high-Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Games Manufacturer Products Cheap Price - Unionrise I&E-term follow-Supply OEM Custom Storage Mezzanines Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE.
Acknowledgments
The first three authors (FL, YS, SZ) contributed equally to this article.
References
Articles fromInternational Surgeryare provided here courtesy ofInternational College of Surgeons
