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Int Surg. 2015 Jan; 100(1): 185–189.
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Abstract

Supply OEM Custom Rice Protein Shake Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc. There are a variety of management modalities for varicose veins. The outcomes of the treatment of varicose veins are different. The papers on Supply OEM Custom Stackable Crate With Lid Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..China Supply Custom Vitamin B3 Face Serum Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines.Wholesale CE High Quality Grocery Store Shelves For Sale Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Thhn Thwn Electrical Wire 16 Awg Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering.

Varicose veins are dilated branches of the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein; the incidence of varicose veins varies from 10% to 30%.Wholesale CE High Quality PU dressing Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - XingzhichenRisk factors of varicose veins include family history, age, and pregnancy; a possible risk factor is standing for a long period of time.Wholesale CE High Quality Pallet Warehouse Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - INNOVATIVE–Wholesale CE High Quality Inside Spraying Painting Machine Forglass Bottles Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical EngineeringHigh ligation and stripping is the traditional approach for varicose veins, yet a variety of alternative options have been used in recent decades,China Supply Custom Single Depilatory Wax Warmer Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY(EVLA),China Supply Custom Single Wire Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited(RFA), foam sclerotherapy (FS),Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM K Type Thermocouple Compensation Wire Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering.Wholesale CE High Quality Artificial Turf Golf Factory & Supplier Price - Green Link New Materials Co.–Supply OEM Custom Sources Of Fiber Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc

Manifestation and Severity of Varicose Veins

Patients with varicose veins present from asymptomatic to significant symptoms, including discomfort, aching, pain, itching or eczema, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Wholesale CE High Quality Artificial Leaf Craft Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co.The diagnosis of varicose veins is based on clinical manifestation and ultrasound.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Cheap T Post Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited. The CEAP (clinical, etiology, anatomy, pathophysiology) classification is used to describe the degree of varicose veins. The “C” part of CEAP classification is more useful and practical in rating the severity of varicose veins (Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Hot Sale Soy Lecithin Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc).Supply OEM Custom Stone Cage Wire Mesh Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries LimitedWholesale CE High Quality Bone Damage Stickers Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen.Wholesale CE High Quality Artificial Roses Leaf Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co.,China Supply Custom Gold Detox Foot Patch Products Cheap Price - XingzhichenWholesale CE High Quality Where To Buy Pea Rice Protein Powder Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc; it can provide a road map of vein anatomy similar to contrast venography, as well as essential hemodynamic information about the presence of proximal obstruction, vein valve function,China Supply Custom Organic Soy Lecithin Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.

Indication and Contraindication of Treatment for Varicose Veins

The purpose of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent the progression of varicose veins.China Supply Custom Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE,Ltd.Symptomatic patients with C2 to C6 diseases are indicated for management,Wholesale CE High Quality Black Metal Steel Strapping Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited, superficial thrombophlebitis, and bleeding.

Asymptomatic patients can be observed and do not need treatment or prophylactic intervention.China Supply Custom Where Can I Get Sodium Bicarbonate Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge RocHowever, cosmesis is a common reason for treatment of asymptomatic patients, especially for young female patients. It is controversial to perform surgery on patients who have recovered from the superficial phlebitis,China Supply Custom Pain Stick Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichenbecause the dilated varicose veins usually disappeared without further surgical treatment. It is not indicated to perform thrombectomy for superficial thrombosis in great saphenous veins.Wholesale CE High Quality Hair Straightening Brush Suppliers Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY, and early surgery in uncomplicated veins will not prevent the development of future varicosities.

Supply OEM Custom Digestive System Drops Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines, such as acute DVT,Wholesale CE High Quality Protein Powder Online Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Rocpregnancy, the superficial veins as collaterals for occluded deep veins, and arterial insufficiency; however,Wholesale CE High Quality 3/8 Inch Mesh Hardware Cloth Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Cleanroom Eps Sandwich Panel For Roof From Mill Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Best Hand Warmers Factory & Supplier Price - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance—further imaging to assess the patency of the deep veins is critical before surgery. Emergent management is usually reserved for bleeding varicosities or suspected DVT.

Modalities for Management of Varicose Veins

Conventional surgical stripping

All management modalities for varicose veins are safe and effective at short-term and midterm follow-up.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Warehouse Pallet Racking Systems Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVEThe methods to manage great saphenous veins traditionally include ligation and division of the saphenofemoral junction and its tributaries in the groin, stripping the great saphenous veins from groin to knee level. The incompetent small saphenous veins are ligated and divided, rather than stripped, close to the popliteal vein in the knee pit, because stripping small saphenous veins may potentially damage the sural nerve.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Nail Polish Manufacturers Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries LimitedIt is not rare for recurrence, hematoma, and skin infection to occur after surgical procedure (China Supply Custom Butane Hand Warmer Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance). And massive bleeding due to injury to femoral veins,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Gmo Free Soya Lecithin Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc, and mortality from pulmonary embolism and DVT can happen, even though these are rarely reported.

Table 2

Complications after different modalities for varicose veins

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Wholesale CE High Quality Soy Lecithin Powder Low Price Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc; these belong to the category of minimally invasive catheter-based procedures.China Supply Custom Craft Glass Block Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries LimitedIn this procedure, a catheter is inserted and positioned at 2 cm below the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction.China Supply Custom Synthetic Turf Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.. Alternatively,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Neural Relaxation Patch Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichen.Supply OEM Custom Shielded Wire Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited.China Supply Custom Diamond Nail Dryer Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY

China Supply Custom Easy Patch Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen, no need for hospital admission, no surgical incision, and early resumption of daily activity or work are advantages of this procedure. However, like other surgeries, EVLA still can cause operative or postoperative complications, such as hematoma, infection, skin burn, bruising, and catheter stabbing by laser fiber, or the broken catheter can be left in the body.Wholesale CE High Quality Pvc Insulated Cable Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering, Ltd.,China Price Of Hydraulic MotorChina Supply Custom Wooden Slatted Shelves Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVE, recurrence rates,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Sheep Mesh Price Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited.Wholesale CE High Quality Power Cable Manufacturers Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering,Ltd.

Clinical experience shows that the pain after laser ablation contributes to the skin contusion caused between skin and uneven bandages used after the procedure, blisters induced by skin burn,Wholesale CE High Quality Inconel Welding Rod Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries LimitedChina Supply Custom Reinforced Mesh Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited;China Supply Custom Blue Color Plastic Crate Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.. Using proper compression stocking rather than bandage may reduce the risk of skin contusion. In addition, early ambulation is always critical to preventing DVT.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM 9-Vitamin Tablets Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines,Motorcycle Bike Games

Radiofrequency ablation

China Supply Custom Professional Factory Mode Plastic Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.; it delivers thermal energy from a bipolar catheter to the insufficient veins. RFA is an effective and safe treatment modality for incompetent veins, and it can be performed in-office as a minimally invasive procedure. The advantages of RFA include low complication rate, reduced pain, high vein occlusion rates,China Supply Custom Lamination Forming Machine Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd..

Currently available clinical trial evidence suggests RFA and EVLA are at least as effective as surgery in the treatment of great saphenous varicose veins.China Supply Custom selfadhesive wound dressing Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen,China Supply Custom Protein Shake Recipes Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc,China Supply Custom hemostasis Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen

Foam sclerotherapy

China Supply Custom Pvc Hose Factory & Supplier Price - Mingou; it can be undertaken in the outpatient clinic,China Supply Custom First Aid Wound Dressing Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Powder Coating Conveyor Systems Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical EngineeringObservational studies found that success rates vary from 82% to 100%,Precision Cnc Machining PartsWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Pressure Washer Hose Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Mingou. It takes approximately 1 hour to perform FS, patients do not need to take medicine or stay in the hospital, and patients can go home or continue to work immediately after the procedure. The efficacy of FS is obvious in comparison with conventional surgical stripping (Wholesale CE High Quality Motor Wire Winding Machines Factory & Supplier Price - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co.). Complications after FS are rare, including bruising, thrombophlebitis, skin pigmentation, and visual disturbance.Supply OEM Custom Cheap Whey Protein Powder Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc

An external file that holds a picture, illustration, etc. Object name is i0020-8868-100-1-185-f01.jpg

Comparison of postoperative outcomes after conventional surgical stripping (A) with FS (B and C). Multiple surgical scars seen after surgical stripping (A); no visible varicose veins seen 4 days after FS (C) versus obvious varicose veins prior to FS.

Ambulatory phlebectomy

Ambulatory phlebectomy is an outpatient procedure that removes superficial veins through small 2- to 3-mm incisions in the skin overlying the varicose veins and is performed under local anesthesia. The accepted indications for this technique are side branch varicose veins, and varicose veins of the foot, around the ankle, and the knee pit. The most important instrument for this technique is the vein retractor or phlebectomy hook. There are two ways by which the veins can be grasped. The phlebectomy hook is inserted through an incision and the varicose vein is hooked, extracted, and subsequently fixed with a clamp; the vein is finally pulled out by turning the exteriorized part of the vein. Graded compression stockings or compression bandages are usually used for 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure. This procedure is often used as an adjunct to EVLA or RFA, either concomitantly or in the sequential management of tributaries for symptomatic varicose veins. The complications are uncommon but include paresthesia, bruising, hemorrhage, and hematoma. EVLA with with both treatments achieves excellent results at 5 years. Concomitant treatment of varicosities is associated with optimal improvement in both clinical disease severity and quality of life.China Supply Custom Ptfe Wire For Sensor Applications Ul 1180 Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering,Wholesale CE High Quality Artificial Cherry Tree Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co.

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Wholesale CE High Quality Calcium Supplements Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc. The most common cause is the valve insufficiency of the deep veins due to DVT; in rare conditions it can be due to congenital valve or vessel abnormalities.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Car Machine Wash Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingou,Wholesale CE High Quality Ratary Brush Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Mingou.Supply OEM Custom Pvc Coated Wire Mesh Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries LimitedSupply OEM Custom Poultry Drugs Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Pea Protein Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom 8 Cp95 /Nf13 - Sodium Cyclamate Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom Back Pain Plaster Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen.China Supply Custom V Protein Powder Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc. External valvuloplasty, such as external vein valve wrapping,Supply OEM Custom Pea Protein Isolate Powder Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc. Ltd.It aims to increase the coating surface and restore valve competency by external supportLtd.and has not gained large popularity due to its efficacy. However,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Professional Nail Dryer Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY.Ltd.

Overall, all management modalities appear to be safe and effective in the short term and midterm,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Mezzanine Capital Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVEChina Supply Custom Rice Whey Protein Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.Supply OEM Custom Bicarbonate Supplement Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc;China Supply Custom Craft Glass Block Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited. FS was associated with the highest failure rate.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM There/Four/Five Axis Coating Line Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering,Wholesale CE High Quality Pine Shelving Timber Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - INNOVATIVEHowever, high-Wholesale CE High Quality Top Level Vital Wheat Gluten Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc-term follow-China Supply Custom Plastic Crates Maker Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..

Acknowledgments

The first three authors (FL, YS, SZ) contributed equally to this article.

References

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