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Int Surg. 2015 Jan; 100(1): 185–189.

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Abstract

Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Elite Protein Powder Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc. There are a variety of management modalities for varicose veins. The outcomes of the treatment of varicose veins are different. The papers on China Supply Custom Turf Artificial Grass Football Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..Supply OEM Custom Galvanized Nails For Nail Gun Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited.China Supply Custom Electronic Hair Straightener Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY.China Supply Custom Hard Drawn Wire Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited.

Varicose veins are dilated branches of the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein; the incidence of varicose veins varies from 10% to 30%.China Supply Custom 1/4 Pressure Washer Drain Sewer Cleaning Nozzle Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - MingouRisk factors of varicose veins include family history, age, and pregnancy; a possible risk factor is standing for a long period of time.Wholesale CE High Quality Solid Timber Floating Shelves Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE Ltd.High ligation and stripping is the traditional approach for varicose veins, yet a variety of alternative options have been used in recent decades,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Large Artificial Trees Factory & Supplier Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.(EVLA),China Supply Custom Plastic Net Baskets Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.(RFA), foam sclerotherapy (FS),China Supply Custom Vented Crate Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Artemether+Lumefantrine Tabs Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - KeMing MedicinesChina Supply Custom Pea Protein Amino Acid Profile Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc

Manifestation and Severity of Varicose Veins

Patients with varicose veins present from asymptomatic to significant symptoms, including discomfort, aching, pain, itching or eczema, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Biological Dressing Products Cheap Price - XingzhichenThe diagnosis of varicose veins is based on clinical manifestation and ultrasound.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Natural Material Facial Mask Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen. The CEAP (clinical, etiology, anatomy, pathophysiology) classification is used to describe the degree of varicose veins. The “C” part of CEAP classification is more useful and practical in rating the severity of varicose veins (Ltd.).Supply OEM Custom Kitchen Wire Shelving Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVEChina Supply Custom Electrostatic Powder Coating Spray Gun Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.China Supply Custom What Is Pea Protein Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc,China Supply Custom Brown Rice Protein Content Factory & Supplier Price - Huge RocSupply OEM Custom Plastic Compartment Storage Box Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.; it can provide a road map of vein anatomy similar to contrast venography, as well as essential hemodynamic information about the presence of proximal obstruction, vein valve function,China Supply Custom Antibiotic Powder Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines.

Indication and Contraindication of Treatment for Varicose Veins

The purpose of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent the progression of varicose veins. Ltd., Ltd.Symptomatic patients with C2 to C6 diseases are indicated for management,Supply OEM Custom Calcium Propionate Price Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc, superficial thrombophlebitis, and bleeding.

Asymptomatic patients can be observed and do not need treatment or prophylactic intervention.Supply OEM Custom Reduction Box Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FengheHowever, cosmesis is a common reason for treatment of asymptomatic patients, especially for young female patients. It is controversial to perform surgery on patients who have recovered from the superficial phlebitis,Wholesale CE High Quality Packaging For Nail Polish Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limitedbecause the dilated varicose veins usually disappeared without further surgical treatment. It is not indicated to perform thrombectomy for superficial thrombosis in great saphenous veins.Wholesale CE High Quality Rotor Assembly Machine Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd., and early surgery in uncomplicated veins will not prevent the development of future varicosities.

Wholesale CE High Quality Cell Phone Case Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shenzhen Hxs Technology, such as acute DVT,China Supply Custom 8 Cp95 /Nf13 - Sodium Cyclamate Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Rocpregnancy, the superficial veins as collaterals for occluded deep veins, and arterial insufficiency; however,China Supply Custom Reinforced Mesh Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited,Wholesale CE High Quality 22 Awg Wire Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited,Wholesale CE High Quality 10% Butafosfan Vitamin B12 Injection Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - KeMing Medicines—further imaging to assess the patency of the deep veins is critical before surgery. Emergent management is usually reserved for bleeding varicosities or suspected DVT.

Modalities for Management of Varicose Veins

Conventional surgical stripping

All management modalities for varicose veins are safe and effective at short-term and midterm follow-up.Wholesale CE High Quality Copper Conductor Awg Silicone Wire Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical EngineeringThe methods to manage great saphenous veins traditionally include ligation and division of the saphenofemoral junction and its tributaries in the groin, stripping the great saphenous veins from groin to knee level. The incompetent small saphenous veins are ligated and divided, rather than stripped, close to the popliteal vein in the knee pit, because stripping small saphenous veins may potentially damage the sural nerve.Wholesale CE High Quality Plastic Palette Knife Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Unionrise I&EIt is not rare for recurrence, hematoma, and skin infection to occur after surgical procedure (Wholesale CE High Quality Wire Shelving Parts Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE). And massive bleeding due to injury to femoral veins,Supply OEM Custom Nutribiotic Rice Protein Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc, and mortality from pulmonary embolism and DVT can happen, even though these are rarely reported.

Table 2

Complications after different modalities for varicose veins

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Wholesale CE High Quality Plastic Crate With Foldable Lids Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.; these belong to the category of minimally invasive catheter-based procedures.China Supply Custom Vitamin B3 Face Serum Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing MedicinesIn this procedure, a catheter is inserted and positioned at 2 cm below the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Kid Drawing Board Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Unionrise I&E. Alternatively,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Vitamin Tablet Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines.Supply OEM Custom Packaging Aluminium Foil Factory & Supplier Price - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology.Wholesale CE High Quality High Fiber Diet Foods Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc

China Supply Custom Pea Protein Vegan Shake Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc, no need for hospital admission, no surgical incision, and early resumption of daily activity or work are advantages of this procedure. However, like other surgeries, EVLA still can cause operative or postoperative complications, such as hematoma, infection, skin burn, bruising, and catheter stabbing by laser fiber, or the broken catheter can be left in the body.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Winter Face Mask Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen,Supply OEM Custom Ammonium Bicarbonate Used For Biscuits Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc,Wholesale CE High Quality Good High Fiber Foods Products Cheap Price - Huge RocWholesale CE High Quality Gangkai Non Woven Surgical Face Masks Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen, recurrence rates,Supply OEM Custom Antimalarials Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Aluminium Discs Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology,Wholesale CE High Quality Folding Go Cart Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.

Clinical experience shows that the pain after laser ablation contributes to the skin contusion caused between skin and uneven bandages used after the procedure, blisters induced by skin burn,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Ammonium Bicarbonate Baking Factory & Supplier Price - Huge RocWholesale CE High Quality Used Chain Link Fence Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited;Wholesale CE High Quality Small Plastic Crate Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.. Using proper compression stocking rather than bandage may reduce the risk of skin contusion. In addition, early ambulation is always critical to preventing DVT.Supply OEM Custom Multi Vitamin Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines,Shank Adaptor

Radiofrequency ablation

Supply OEM Custom Hair Straightening Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY; it delivers thermal energy from a bipolar catheter to the insufficient veins. RFA is an effective and safe treatment modality for incompetent veins, and it can be performed in-office as a minimally invasive procedure. The advantages of RFA include low complication rate, reduced pain, high vein occlusion rates,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Plastic Net Baskets Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..

Currently available clinical trial evidence suggests RFA and EVLA are at least as effective as surgery in the treatment of great saphenous varicose veins.Supply OEM Custom Waterproof And Breathable Membrane Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichen,Wholesale CE High Quality Clotrimazole Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines,China Supply Custom White Chicken Wire Mesh Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited

Foam sclerotherapy

China Supply Custom Vitamin C Deciency Syrup Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines; it can be undertaken in the outpatient clinic,Supply OEM Custom Galvanized Steel Wire Mesh 3mm Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Best Hand Warmers Factory & Supplier Price - Jade Rabbit Electrical ApplianceObservational studies found that success rates vary from 82% to 100%,Pe Foam Sheet Liminating MachineWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Field Fence Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited. It takes approximately 1 hour to perform FS, patients do not need to take medicine or stay in the hospital, and patients can go home or continue to work immediately after the procedure. The efficacy of FS is obvious in comparison with conventional surgical stripping (China Supply Custom 9w Uv Nail Lamp Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY). Complications after FS are rare, including bruising, thrombophlebitis, skin pigmentation, and visual disturbance.Ltd.

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Comparison of postoperative outcomes after conventional surgical stripping (A) with FS (B and C). Multiple surgical scars seen after surgical stripping (A); no visible varicose veins seen 4 days after FS (C) versus obvious varicose veins prior to FS.

Ambulatory phlebectomy

Ambulatory phlebectomy is an outpatient procedure that removes superficial veins through small 2- to 3-mm incisions in the skin overlying the varicose veins and is performed under local anesthesia. The accepted indications for this technique are side branch varicose veins, and varicose veins of the foot, around the ankle, and the knee pit. The most important instrument for this technique is the vein retractor or phlebectomy hook. There are two ways by which the veins can be grasped. The phlebectomy hook is inserted through an incision and the varicose vein is hooked, extracted, and subsequently fixed with a clamp; the vein is finally pulled out by turning the exteriorized part of the vein. Graded compression stockings or compression bandages are usually used for 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure. This procedure is often used as an adjunct to EVLA or RFA, either concomitantly or in the sequential management of tributaries for symptomatic varicose veins. The complications are uncommon but include paresthesia, bruising, hemorrhage, and hematoma. EVLA with with both treatments achieves excellent results at 5 years. Concomitant treatment of varicosities is associated with optimal improvement in both clinical disease severity and quality of life.China Supply Custom Soy Lecithin For Nutritional Supplements Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc,China Supply Custom Artificial Tree Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co.

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Overall, all management modalities appear to be safe and effective in the short term and midterm,Ltd.China Supply Custom Pure Gold Collagen Facial Mask Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichen.Wholesale CE High Quality Cell Phone Case Factory & Supplier Price - Shenzhen Hxs Technology;China Supply Custom hydrophilic gel Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen. FS was associated with the highest failure rate.Wholesale CE High Quality Vitamin Drugs Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines,Wholesale CE High Quality Filter Face Mask Products Cheap Price - XingzhichenHowever, high-Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Protein Shake Nutrition Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc-term follow-China Supply Custom Blower Wheel Aluminum Casting Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Highpoint Machinery.

Acknowledgments

The first three authors (FL, YS, SZ) contributed equally to this article.

References

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