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Int Surg. 2015 Jan; 100(1): 185–189.
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Abstract

China Supply Custom Rubber Bathroom Floor Mats Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.. There are a variety of management modalities for varicose veins. The outcomes of the treatment of varicose veins are different. The papers on China Supply Custom Cosmetic Mask Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen.China Supply Custom Storage Used Crate Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..Supply OEM Custom Shipping Basket Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..Supply OEM Custom Concrete Nails With Washer Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited.

Varicose veins are dilated branches of the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein; the incidence of varicose veins varies from 10% to 30%.Supply OEM Custom Warehouse Racking Costs Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVERisk factors of varicose veins include family history, age, and pregnancy; a possible risk factor is standing for a long period of time.Ltd.–China Supply Custom Etfe Insulated Wire Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical EngineeringHigh ligation and stripping is the traditional approach for varicose veins, yet a variety of alternative options have been used in recent decades,China Supply Custom Plain Aluminum Coil Products Cheap Price - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology(EVLA),Supply OEM Custom Tall Bookshelves Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVE(RFA), foam sclerotherapy (FS),Supply OEM Custom Food Preservative Calcium Propionate Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom Whey Protein Powder For Diabetics Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc–China Supply Custom Electronic Hair Straightener Comb Factory & Supplier Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY

Manifestation and Severity of Varicose Veins

Patients with varicose veins present from asymptomatic to significant symptoms, including discomfort, aching, pain, itching or eczema, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Ltd.The diagnosis of varicose veins is based on clinical manifestation and ultrasound.Supply OEM Custom Electric Hand Warmer Gloves Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance. The CEAP (clinical, etiology, anatomy, pathophysiology) classification is used to describe the degree of varicose veins. The “C” part of CEAP classification is more useful and practical in rating the severity of varicose veins (Wholesale CE High Quality Plastic Wire Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited).China Supply Custom Food Addtivies Calcium Propionate Products Cheap Price - Huge RocSupply OEM Custom Albendazole For Oral Suspension Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines.China Supply Custom Effervescent Tablets Vd Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines,Hot Rolled Steel BeamsSupply OEM Custom Welded Metal Mesh Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited; it can provide a road map of vein anatomy similar to contrast venography, as well as essential hemodynamic information about the presence of proximal obstruction, vein valve function,Supply OEM Custom Grocery Shelving Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVE.

Indication and Contraindication of Treatment for Varicose Veins

The purpose of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent the progression of varicose veins.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Cabinet Paint Drying Oven Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering,Supply OEM Custom Hollow Glass Block Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries LimitedSymptomatic patients with C2 to C6 diseases are indicated for management,Wholesale CE High Quality Pressure Washer Inlet Filter Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Mingou, superficial thrombophlebitis, and bleeding.

Asymptomatic patients can be observed and do not need treatment or prophylactic intervention.Ltd.However, cosmesis is a common reason for treatment of asymptomatic patients, especially for young female patients. It is controversial to perform surgery on patients who have recovered from the superficial phlebitis,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Joint Pain Relief Stickers Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichenbecause the dilated varicose veins usually disappeared without further surgical treatment. It is not indicated to perform thrombectomy for superficial thrombosis in great saphenous veins.Supply OEM Custom Pvc Coated Wire Mesh Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited, and early surgery in uncomplicated veins will not prevent the development of future varicosities.

Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Steel Strapping Tools Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited, such as acute DVT,Supply OEM Custom Organic Brown Rice Protein Powder Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Rocpregnancy, the superficial veins as collaterals for occluded deep veins, and arterial insufficiency; however,China Supply Custom Compensating Cable/Wire Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering,Supply OEM Custom Multi Vitamin Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines,Wholesale CE High Quality Pressure Washer Hose Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingou—further imaging to assess the patency of the deep veins is critical before surgery. Emergent management is usually reserved for bleeding varicosities or suspected DVT.

Modalities for Management of Varicose Veins

Conventional surgical stripping

All management modalities for varicose veins are safe and effective at short-term and midterm follow-up.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Tpu Iphone 7 Case Products Cheap Price - Shenzhen Hxs TechnologyThe methods to manage great saphenous veins traditionally include ligation and division of the saphenofemoral junction and its tributaries in the groin, stripping the great saphenous veins from groin to knee level. The incompetent small saphenous veins are ligated and divided, rather than stripped, close to the popliteal vein in the knee pit, because stripping small saphenous veins may potentially damage the sural nerve.Wholesale CE High Quality Thermocouple Wire Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical EngineeringIt is not rare for recurrence, hematoma, and skin infection to occur after surgical procedure (China Supply Custom Antibiotic Ivermectin Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines). And massive bleeding due to injury to femoral veins,China Supply Custom Hanging Bookshelves Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVE, and mortality from pulmonary embolism and DVT can happen, even though these are rarely reported.

Table 2

Complications after different modalities for varicose veins

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Supply OEM Custom Where Can You Buy Rice Protein Powder Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc; these belong to the category of minimally invasive catheter-based procedures.Wholesale CE High Quality Magic Hair Curlers Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRYIn this procedure, a catheter is inserted and positioned at 2 cm below the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Sleep Mask Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichen. Alternatively,Supply OEM Custom Car Spray Booth Oven Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.Supply OEM Custom Black Metal Steel Strapping Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Pm 2.5 Face Mask Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen

Wholesale CE High Quality Antifungal Agents Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines, no need for hospital admission, no surgical incision, and early resumption of daily activity or work are advantages of this procedure. However, like other surgeries, EVLA still can cause operative or postoperative complications, such as hematoma, infection, skin burn, bruising, and catheter stabbing by laser fiber, or the broken catheter can be left in the body.China Supply Custom Single Depilatory Wax Warmer Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY,China Supply Custom Super Whey Protein Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc,Sterile Packaging PouchWholesale CE High Quality Five Bar Patern Checkered Aluminum Sheet Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology, recurrence rates,Wholesale CE High Quality Vitamin B12 Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - KeMing Medicines.China Supply Custom Where To Buy Phone Case Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shenzhen Hxs Technology,Wholesale CE High Quality Low Price Natural Soya Bean Lecithin Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc

Clinical experience shows that the pain after laser ablation contributes to the skin contusion caused between skin and uneven bandages used after the procedure, blisters induced by skin burn,Supply OEM Custom Solid Box Style And Plastic Folding Crate Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.Supply OEM Custom Car Spray Booth Oven Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering;Wholesale CE High Quality Vital Wheat Gluten Food Grade Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc. Using proper compression stocking rather than bandage may reduce the risk of skin contusion. In addition, early ambulation is always critical to preventing DVT.Wholesale CE High Quality 8 Cp95 /Nf13 - Sodium Cyclamate Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc,Molybdenum Heat Element

Radiofrequency ablation

Wholesale CE High Quality Decorative Chain Link Fence Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited; it delivers thermal energy from a bipolar catheter to the insufficient veins. RFA is an effective and safe treatment modality for incompetent veins, and it can be performed in-office as a minimally invasive procedure. The advantages of RFA include low complication rate, reduced pain, high vein occlusion rates,Wholesale CE High Quality Lead Head Nail Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited.

Currently available clinical trial evidence suggests RFA and EVLA are at least as effective as surgery in the treatment of great saphenous varicose veins.Wholesale CE High Quality Best Pea Protein Powder For Weight Loss Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc,Supply OEM Custom Bicarbonate Sodium/Sodium Bicarbonate Food Grade Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc,China Supply Custom Electrical Wire Flat Cable Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering

Foam sclerotherapy

Wholesale CE High Quality Phone Case For Sale Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shenzhen Hxs Technology; it can be undertaken in the outpatient clinic,Supply OEM Custom Electrostatic Paint Spraying System Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.Supply OEM Custom 8 - Pea Protein Isolate Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge RocObservational studies found that success rates vary from 82% to 100%,Plasma Cutting Machine Cost Factory & ManufacturerSupply OEM Custom Hot Hands Gloves Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance. It takes approximately 1 hour to perform FS, patients do not need to take medicine or stay in the hospital, and patients can go home or continue to work immediately after the procedure. The efficacy of FS is obvious in comparison with conventional surgical stripping (Supply OEM Custom Albendazole For Oral Suspension Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines). Complications after FS are rare, including bruising, thrombophlebitis, skin pigmentation, and visual disturbance.China Supply Custom High Soluble Fiber Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc

An external file that holds a picture, illustration, etc. Object name is i0020-8868-100-1-185-f01.jpg

Comparison of postoperative outcomes after conventional surgical stripping (A) with FS (B and C). Multiple surgical scars seen after surgical stripping (A); no visible varicose veins seen 4 days after FS (C) versus obvious varicose veins prior to FS.

Ambulatory phlebectomy

Ambulatory phlebectomy is an outpatient procedure that removes superficial veins through small 2- to 3-mm incisions in the skin overlying the varicose veins and is performed under local anesthesia. The accepted indications for this technique are side branch varicose veins, and varicose veins of the foot, around the ankle, and the knee pit. The most important instrument for this technique is the vein retractor or phlebectomy hook. There are two ways by which the veins can be grasped. The phlebectomy hook is inserted through an incision and the varicose vein is hooked, extracted, and subsequently fixed with a clamp; the vein is finally pulled out by turning the exteriorized part of the vein. Graded compression stockings or compression bandages are usually used for 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure. This procedure is often used as an adjunct to EVLA or RFA, either concomitantly or in the sequential management of tributaries for symptomatic varicose veins. The complications are uncommon but include paresthesia, bruising, hemorrhage, and hematoma. EVLA with with both treatments achieves excellent results at 5 years. Concomitant treatment of varicosities is associated with optimal improvement in both clinical disease severity and quality of life.Supply OEM Custom Galvanized Welded Wire Mesh Buy Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited,China Supply Custom Bending Wire Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited

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Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Twisted Nail Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited. The most common cause is the valve insufficiency of the deep veins due to DVT; in rare conditions it can be due to congenital valve or vessel abnormalities.Wholesale CE High Quality Sprouted Brown Rice Protein Powder Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc,Supply OEM Custom High-Quality Food Grade Sodium Bicarbonate Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.Supply OEM Custom China Wholesale Sodium Cyclamate Products Cheap Price - Huge RocWholesale CE High Quality Loader-Digger Products Cheap Price - Fenghe.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Steel Strapping Clip Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited.Wholesale CE High Quality Adhesive Transparent Dressing Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichen.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Whey Protein 80 Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Lecithin Supplement Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc. External valvuloplasty, such as external vein valve wrapping,Wholesale CE High Quality Animal Drug Ivermectin Injection Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - KeMing Medicines.China Supply Custom Now Sprouted Brown Rice Protein Products Cheap Price - Huge RocIt aims to increase the coating surface and restore valve competency by external supportWholesale CE High Quality Nail Head Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limitedand has not gained large popularity due to its efficacy. However,Wholesale CE High Quality Fiber Supplements Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom Wooden Wall Shelves Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVE

Overall, all management modalities appear to be safe and effective in the short term and midterm,Folding Fat Tire E-BikeWholesale CE High Quality Coil Lacing Machine Factory & Supplier Price - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd..China Supply Custom Pea Protein Wholesale Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc;China Supply Custom Whey Rice Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc. FS was associated with the highest failure rate.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Burn Dressing Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen,Ltd.However, high-Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Aluminium Coil Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology-term follow-China Supply Custom Feed Grade Rice Protein Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc.

Acknowledgments

The first three authors (FL, YS, SZ) contributed equally to this article.

References

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