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Int Surg. 2015 Jan; 100(1): 185–189.
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Abstract

Wholesale CE High Quality Fiberglass Aqua Slide For Pool Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shanghai Mutong Toys. There are a variety of management modalities for varicose veins. The outcomes of the treatment of varicose veins are different. The papers on Supply OEM Custom Single-Row Crossover Rolling Type Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Fenghe.Wholesale CE High Quality Welded Wire Mesh Roll Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Calcium Propionate Price For Food Beverage Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.Wholesale CE High Quality Logistic Plastic Crate With Lid Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..

Varicose veins are dilated branches of the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein; the incidence of varicose veins varies from 10% to 30%.Wholesale CE High Quality Eye Mask Sleep Factory & Supplier Price - XingzhichenRisk factors of varicose veins include family history, age, and pregnancy; a possible risk factor is standing for a long period of time.China Supply Custom Binding Wire Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited–Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Lamination Aluminum Foil Factory & Supplier Price - Shuanglin Jiate Metal TechnologyHigh ligation and stripping is the traditional approach for varicose veins, yet a variety of alternative options have been used in recent decades,China Supply Custom Organic Whey Protein Powder Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc(EVLA),Wholesale CE High Quality Watercolor Painting Set Factory & Supplier Price - Unionrise I&E(RFA), foam sclerotherapy (FS),Wholesale CE High Quality Brown Rice Protein Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Motor Manufacturing Turn-Key Service Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co.–China Supply Custom Antibiotic Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines

Manifestation and Severity of Varicose Veins

Patients with varicose veins present from asymptomatic to significant symptoms, including discomfort, aching, pain, itching or eczema, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).China Supply Custom Hangzhou Jinding Aluminium Industry Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shuanglin Jiate Metal TechnologyThe diagnosis of varicose veins is based on clinical manifestation and ultrasound.Supply OEM Custom What Is Whey Protein Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc. The CEAP (clinical, etiology, anatomy, pathophysiology) classification is used to describe the degree of varicose veins. The “C” part of CEAP classification is more useful and practical in rating the severity of varicose veins (Wholesale CE High Quality Logistic Stack And Nest Plastic Crate Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.).Supply OEM Custom Car Spray Booth Paint Cabinet Baking Oven Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical EngineeringWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Plastic Palette Factory & Supplier Price - Unionrise I&E.Supply OEM Custom Acne Mask Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen,Automated Battery Cage Suppliers/Manufacturers for SaleSupply OEM Custom Blackhead Removal Face Mask Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen; it can provide a road map of vein anatomy similar to contrast venography, as well as essential hemodynamic information about the presence of proximal obstruction, vein valve function,Supply OEM Custom Gear Products Cheap Price - Fenghe.

Table 1

CEAP classification: C (clinical component)

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Indication and Contraindication of Treatment for Varicose Veins

The purpose of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent the progression of varicose veins. Ltd.,Wholesale CE High Quality Adhesive Hydrophilic Dressing Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - XingzhichenSymptomatic patients with C2 to C6 diseases are indicated for management,China Supply Custom Artificial Plants And Trees Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd., superficial thrombophlebitis, and bleeding.

Asymptomatic patients can be observed and do not need treatment or prophylactic intervention.Supply OEM Custom Solid Fold Up Plastic Crate Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.However, cosmesis is a common reason for treatment of asymptomatic patients, especially for young female patients. It is controversial to perform surgery on patients who have recovered from the superficial phlebitis,Ltd.because the dilated varicose veins usually disappeared without further surgical treatment. It is not indicated to perform thrombectomy for superficial thrombosis in great saphenous veins.Wholesale CE High Quality Trenchless Machinery Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Fenghe, and early surgery in uncomplicated veins will not prevent the development of future varicosities.

Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Vitamin B12 Lozenge Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - KeMing Medicines, such as acute DVT,Supply OEM Custom AR Gun Adapter Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingoupregnancy, the superficial veins as collaterals for occluded deep veins, and arterial insufficiency; however,Wholesale CE High Quality Eye Mask Sleep Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen,Supply OEM Custom ODM Mobile Phone Case Factory & Supplier Price - Shenzhen Hxs Technology,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Lcd Nail Lamp Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY—further imaging to assess the patency of the deep veins is critical before surgery. Emergent management is usually reserved for bleeding varicosities or suspected DVT.

Modalities for Management of Varicose Veins

Conventional surgical stripping

All management modalities for varicose veins are safe and effective at short-term and midterm follow-up.China Supply Custom Hand Warmer Gloves Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Jade Rabbit Electrical ApplianceThe methods to manage great saphenous veins traditionally include ligation and division of the saphenofemoral junction and its tributaries in the groin, stripping the great saphenous veins from groin to knee level. The incompetent small saphenous veins are ligated and divided, rather than stripped, close to the popliteal vein in the knee pit, because stripping small saphenous veins may potentially damage the sural nerve.China Supply Custom Concrete Steel Nail Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries LimitedIt is not rare for recurrence, hematoma, and skin infection to occur after surgical procedure (Wholesale CE High Quality Best Rice For Protein Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc). And massive bleeding due to injury to femoral veins,Wholesale CE High Quality Daily Dietary Fiber Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc, and mortality from pulmonary embolism and DVT can happen, even though these are rarely reported.

Table 2

Complications after different modalities for varicose veins

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Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Electronic Hair Straightener Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY; these belong to the category of minimally invasive catheter-based procedures.Supply OEM Custom Blackhead Removal Face Mask Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - XingzhichenIn this procedure, a catheter is inserted and positioned at 2 cm below the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Pea Plant Protein Powder Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc. Alternatively,Wholesale CE High Quality Plastic Collapsible Crates For Plates Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..China Supply Custom selfadhesive wound dressing Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Welded Wire Mesh 9 Gauge Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited

Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Barbed Wire3.0 Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited, no need for hospital admission, no surgical incision, and early resumption of daily activity or work are advantages of this procedure. However, like other surgeries, EVLA still can cause operative or postoperative complications, such as hematoma, infection, skin burn, bruising, and catheter stabbing by laser fiber, or the broken catheter can be left in the body.China Supply Custom Shelving Timber Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVE,Wholesale CE High Quality Gangkai Non Woven Surgical Face Masks Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen,Supply OEM Custom Games Supplier Factory & Supplier Price - Unionrise I&EChina Supply Custom Gmo Free Soya Lecithin Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc, recurrence rates,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Foldable Basket Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..Supply OEM Custom Gangkai Non Woven Surgical Face Masks Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen, Ltd.

Clinical experience shows that the pain after laser ablation contributes to the skin contusion caused between skin and uneven bandages used after the procedure, blisters induced by skin burn,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Aluminium Discs Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shuanglin Jiate Metal TechnologyWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Professional Hair Straightener Factory & Supplier Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY;China Supply Custom Ammonium Bicarbonate In Biscuits Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc. Using proper compression stocking rather than bandage may reduce the risk of skin contusion. In addition, early ambulation is always critical to preventing DVT.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Colored Folding Plastic Containers Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Wholesale CE High Quality 6mm Wire Mesh Price Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited

Radiofrequency ablation

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Currently available clinical trial evidence suggests RFA and EVLA are at least as effective as surgery in the treatment of great saphenous varicose veins.Wholesale CE High Quality Natural Fiber Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc,Wholesale CE High Quality Racking System For Warehouse Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVE,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Silver Welding Rod Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited

Foam sclerotherapy

Wholesale CE High Quality Transdermal Stickers Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen; it can be undertaken in the outpatient clinic,Wholesale CE High Quality Electric Paint Spray System Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical Engineering.China Supply Custom Hand Warmers Walmart Factory & Supplier Price - Jade Rabbit Electrical ApplianceObservational studies found that success rates vary from 82% to 100%,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM High Pressure Air Water Spray Gun Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - MingouWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Vital Wheat Gluten Food Grade Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc. It takes approximately 1 hour to perform FS, patients do not need to take medicine or stay in the hospital, and patients can go home or continue to work immediately after the procedure. The efficacy of FS is obvious in comparison with conventional surgical stripping (Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Whey Protein Powder Benefits Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc). Complications after FS are rare, including bruising, thrombophlebitis, skin pigmentation, and visual disturbance. Ltd.

An external file that holds a picture, illustration, etc. Object name is i0020-8868-100-1-185-f01.jpg

Comparison of postoperative outcomes after conventional surgical stripping (A) with FS (B and C). Multiple surgical scars seen after surgical stripping (A); no visible varicose veins seen 4 days after FS (C) versus obvious varicose veins prior to FS.

Ambulatory phlebectomy

Ambulatory phlebectomy is an outpatient procedure that removes superficial veins through small 2- to 3-mm incisions in the skin overlying the varicose veins and is performed under local anesthesia. The accepted indications for this technique are side branch varicose veins, and varicose veins of the foot, around the ankle, and the knee pit. The most important instrument for this technique is the vein retractor or phlebectomy hook. There are two ways by which the veins can be grasped. The phlebectomy hook is inserted through an incision and the varicose vein is hooked, extracted, and subsequently fixed with a clamp; the vein is finally pulled out by turning the exteriorized part of the vein. Graded compression stockings or compression bandages are usually used for 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure. This procedure is often used as an adjunct to EVLA or RFA, either concomitantly or in the sequential management of tributaries for symptomatic varicose veins. The complications are uncommon but include paresthesia, bruising, hemorrhage, and hematoma. EVLA with with both treatments achieves excellent results at 5 years. Concomitant treatment of varicosities is associated with optimal improvement in both clinical disease severity and quality of life.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Industrial Infrared Heater Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering,4 Post Car Parking Hoist

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China Supply Custom Curling Iron Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY. The most common cause is the valve insufficiency of the deep veins due to DVT; in rare conditions it can be due to congenital valve or vessel abnormalities.Wholesale CE High Quality Plastic Crates With Cover Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.,Wholesale CE High Quality Electric Hand Warmer Gloves Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance.Wholesale CE High Quality Industrial Coating Equipment Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical EngineeringSupply OEM Custom Price Of Isolated Soy Protein Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Green Grass Carpet Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..China Supply Custom Veterinary Injection Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Diamond Nail Dryer Factory & Supplier Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Nature Looking Artificial Turf Factory & Supplier Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.. External valvuloplasty, such as external vein valve wrapping,Supply OEM Custom Mutivitamin Syrup Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Plaster For Rheumatism Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - XingzhichenIt aims to increase the coating surface and restore valve competency by external supportWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Cheap T Post Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limitedand has not gained large popularity due to its efficacy. However,Wholesale CE High Quality Lecithin Supplement Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom Robot Spray Painting Machine Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering

Overall, all management modalities appear to be safe and effective in the short term and midterm,Ltd.Supply OEM Custom Beauty Face Mask Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichen.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Food Grade Calcium Propionate Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc;China Supply Custom Thermocouple Compensation Wire Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering. FS was associated with the highest failure rate.Wholesale CE High Quality Pvc Insulated And Sheathed Wires Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM China Supplier Plant Based Organic Rice Protein Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge RocHowever, high-Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Ready Made Wooden Shelves Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE-term follow-China Supply Custom Buy Rice Protein Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc.

Acknowledgments

The first three authors (FL, YS, SZ) contributed equally to this article.

References

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