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Int Surg. 2015 Jan; 100(1): 185–189.
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Abstract

Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Ready Made Wooden Shelves Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE. There are a variety of management modalities for varicose veins. The outcomes of the treatment of varicose veins are different. The papers on China Supply Custom Buy Rice Protein Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom Awg Thermocouple Compensation Extension Wire Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Oral Injectable Grade Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Artificial Big Green Leaves Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..

Varicose veins are dilated branches of the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein; the incidence of varicose veins varies from 10% to 30%.China Supply Custom Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVERisk factors of varicose veins include family history, age, and pregnancy; a possible risk factor is standing for a long period of time.Ltd.–China Supply Custom Where Can I Get Sodium Bicarbonate Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge RocHigh ligation and stripping is the traditional approach for varicose veins, yet a variety of alternative options have been used in recent decades,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Facial Patch Mask Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichen(EVLA),China Supply Custom Brand Name Phone Case Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shenzhen Hxs Technology(RFA), foam sclerotherapy (FS),Supply OEM Custom Factory Supply Teflon Coated Electrical Wire Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.Wholesale CE High Quality Protein Powder Online Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc–Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Pea Protein Profile Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc

Manifestation and Severity of Varicose Veins

Patients with varicose veins present from asymptomatic to significant symptoms, including discomfort, aching, pain, itching or eczema, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Warehouse Pallet Racking Systems Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVEThe diagnosis of varicose veins is based on clinical manifestation and ultrasound.Wholesale CE High Quality Kids Painting Sets Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Unionrise I&E. The CEAP (clinical, etiology, anatomy, pathophysiology) classification is used to describe the degree of varicose veins. The “C” part of CEAP classification is more useful and practical in rating the severity of varicose veins (Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Nail Polish Manufacturers Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited).China Supply Custom Butane Hand Warmer Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Jade Rabbit Electrical ApplianceSupply OEM Custom High Pressure Air Hose Products Cheap Price - Mingou.China Supply Custom Craft Glass Block Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited,Supply OEM Custom Where To Find Rice Protein Powder Factory & Supplier Price - Huge RocWholesale CE High Quality Oem Hair Straightener Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY; it can provide a road map of vein anatomy similar to contrast venography, as well as essential hemodynamic information about the presence of proximal obstruction, vein valve function,China Supply Custom T Post Galvanized Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited.

Indication and Contraindication of Treatment for Varicose Veins

The purpose of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent the progression of varicose veins.Wholesale CE High Quality Pvc Insulated Cable Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering, Ltd.Symptomatic patients with C2 to C6 diseases are indicated for management,Wholesale CE High Quality Pvc Hose Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Mingou, superficial thrombophlebitis, and bleeding.

Asymptomatic patients can be observed and do not need treatment or prophylactic intervention.Wholesale CE High Quality Power Cable Manufacturers Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical EngineeringHowever, cosmesis is a common reason for treatment of asymptomatic patients, especially for young female patients. It is controversial to perform surgery on patients who have recovered from the superficial phlebitis,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Five Axis Robotic Spraying Machinery Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineeringbecause the dilated varicose veins usually disappeared without further surgical treatment. It is not indicated to perform thrombectomy for superficial thrombosis in great saphenous veins.Wholesale CE High Quality Iron Wire Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited, and early surgery in uncomplicated veins will not prevent the development of future varicosities.

Supply OEM Custom Water Soluble Fiber Foods Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc, such as acute DVT,Ltd.pregnancy, the superficial veins as collaterals for occluded deep veins, and arterial insufficiency; however,China Supply Custom Tennis Court Synthetic Turf Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.,China Supply Custom Bacteriostatic Dressing Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen,Wholesale CE High Quality Professional Paraffin Wax Warmer Factory & Supplier Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY—further imaging to assess the patency of the deep veins is critical before surgery. Emergent management is usually reserved for bleeding varicosities or suspected DVT.

Modalities for Management of Varicose Veins

Conventional surgical stripping

All management modalities for varicose veins are safe and effective at short-term and midterm follow-up.China Supply Custom Reinforced Mesh Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries LimitedThe methods to manage great saphenous veins traditionally include ligation and division of the saphenofemoral junction and its tributaries in the groin, stripping the great saphenous veins from groin to knee level. The incompetent small saphenous veins are ligated and divided, rather than stripped, close to the popliteal vein in the knee pit, because stripping small saphenous veins may potentially damage the sural nerve.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM 9-Vitamin Tablets Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing MedicinesIt is not rare for recurrence, hematoma, and skin infection to occur after surgical procedure (China Supply Custom selfadhesive wound dressing Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen). And massive bleeding due to injury to femoral veins,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Pocket Warmers Products Cheap Price - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance, and mortality from pulmonary embolism and DVT can happen, even though these are rarely reported.

Table 2

Complications after different modalities for varicose veins

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Supply OEM Custom Soy Protein Isolated Best Price Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc; these belong to the category of minimally invasive catheter-based procedures.China Supply Custom Protein Shake Recipes Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge RocIn this procedure, a catheter is inserted and positioned at 2 cm below the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction.Supply OEM Custom Stone Cage Wire Mesh Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited. Alternatively,China Supply Custom Three Phase Motor Winding Machine Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd..Supply OEM Custom Where To Buy Lecithin Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom hemostasis Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen

Supply OEM Custom Pe Crate Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd., no need for hospital admission, no surgical incision, and early resumption of daily activity or work are advantages of this procedure. However, like other surgeries, EVLA still can cause operative or postoperative complications, such as hematoma, infection, skin burn, bruising, and catheter stabbing by laser fiber, or the broken catheter can be left in the body.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Powder Coating Conveyor Systems Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical Engineering,Wholesale CE High Quality Motor Wire Winding Machines Factory & Supplier Price - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co.,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Smart Phone Case Products Cheap Price - Shenzhen Hxs TechnologyWholesale CE High Quality Artificial Sakura Tree Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd., recurrence rates,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Automatic Hair Straightening Comb Factory & Supplier Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY.Supply OEM Custom Cheap Whey Protein Powder Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM What Is Fiber Good For Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc

Clinical experience shows that the pain after laser ablation contributes to the skin contusion caused between skin and uneven bandages used after the procedure, blisters induced by skin burn,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Crossover Rolling Type Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FengheChina Supply Custom Ptfe Wire For Sensor Applications Ul 1180 Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering;China Supply Custom Adapter Products Cheap Price - Mingou. Using proper compression stocking rather than bandage may reduce the risk of skin contusion. In addition, early ambulation is always critical to preventing DVT.Supply OEM Custom Pvc Coated Wire Mesh Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited,Student Backpack High Quality Supplier

Radiofrequency ablation

China Supply Custom Pea Protein Reviews Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc; it delivers thermal energy from a bipolar catheter to the insufficient veins. RFA is an effective and safe treatment modality for incompetent veins, and it can be performed in-office as a minimally invasive procedure. The advantages of RFA include low complication rate, reduced pain, high vein occlusion rates,Supply OEM Custom Collapsed Plastic Crate Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..

Currently available clinical trial evidence suggests RFA and EVLA are at least as effective as surgery in the treatment of great saphenous varicose veins. Ltd.,Ltd.,Ltd.

Foam sclerotherapy

China Supply Custom Protein Shake Recipes Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc; it can be undertaken in the outpatient clinic,Wholesale CE High Quality Retardant Artificial Turf Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM There/Four/Five Axis Coating Line Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical EngineeringObservational studies found that success rates vary from 82% to 100%,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Home Floor Mat Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co.Supply OEM Custom Custom Plastic Storage Crate Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.. It takes approximately 1 hour to perform FS, patients do not need to take medicine or stay in the hospital, and patients can go home or continue to work immediately after the procedure. The efficacy of FS is obvious in comparison with conventional surgical stripping (Wholesale CE High Quality Pine Shelving Timber Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - INNOVATIVE). Complications after FS are rare, including bruising, thrombophlebitis, skin pigmentation, and visual disturbance.China Supply Custom Military Barbed Wire Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited

An external file that holds a picture, illustration, etc. Object name is i0020-8868-100-1-185-f01.jpg

Comparison of postoperative outcomes after conventional surgical stripping (A) with FS (B and C). Multiple surgical scars seen after surgical stripping (A); no visible varicose veins seen 4 days after FS (C) versus obvious varicose veins prior to FS.

Ambulatory phlebectomy

Ambulatory phlebectomy is an outpatient procedure that removes superficial veins through small 2- to 3-mm incisions in the skin overlying the varicose veins and is performed under local anesthesia. The accepted indications for this technique are side branch varicose veins, and varicose veins of the foot, around the ankle, and the knee pit. The most important instrument for this technique is the vein retractor or phlebectomy hook. There are two ways by which the veins can be grasped. The phlebectomy hook is inserted through an incision and the varicose vein is hooked, extracted, and subsequently fixed with a clamp; the vein is finally pulled out by turning the exteriorized part of the vein. Graded compression stockings or compression bandages are usually used for 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure. This procedure is often used as an adjunct to EVLA or RFA, either concomitantly or in the sequential management of tributaries for symptomatic varicose veins. The complications are uncommon but include paresthesia, bruising, hemorrhage, and hematoma. EVLA with with both treatments achieves excellent results at 5 years. Concomitant treatment of varicosities is associated with optimal improvement in both clinical disease severity and quality of life.China Supply Custom Motorcycle Face Mask Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen,m.st-package.com

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Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Coil Lacing Machine Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd.. The most common cause is the valve insufficiency of the deep veins due to DVT; in rare conditions it can be due to congenital valve or vessel abnormalities.Wholesale CE High Quality Hair Straightener Price Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY,China Supply Custom Shelving Timber Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVE.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Spray Machine For Paint Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical EngineeringWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Customizable Supermarket Shelf Strip Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Powder Spraying Production Line Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.Supply OEM Custom Light-Duty Pallet Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Three Phase Motor Production Machine Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd..Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Phone Case Company Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shenzhen Hxs Technology. External valvuloplasty, such as external vein valve wrapping,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Cfm Whey Protein Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Foldable Basket Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.It aims to increase the coating surface and restore valve competency by external supportChina Supply Custom Animal Protein Concentrate Products Cheap Price - Huge Rocand has not gained large popularity due to its efficacy. However,Wholesale CE High Quality Pea Protein Reviews Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom Antibiotics For Animals Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - KeMing Medicines

Overall, all management modalities appear to be safe and effective in the short term and midterm,Supply OEM Custom Sterile Dressings Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - XingzhichenChina Supply Custom Motor Manufacturing Consulting Products Cheap Price - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd..Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Packaging Steel Strapping Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited;Supply OEM Custom Lowes Fence Post Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited. FS was associated with the highest failure rate.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Cutting Edge Factory & Supplier Price - Fenghe,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Cable Aluminum Foil Products Cheap Price - Shuanglin Jiate Metal TechnologyHowever, high-China Supply Custom Tinned Copper Wire Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering-term follow-China Supply Custom Wheel Loader Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Fenghe.

Acknowledgments

The first three authors (FL, YS, SZ) contributed equally to this article.

References

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