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Fan Lin
1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Shiyi Zhang
2Department of Vascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, China
Yan Sun
2Department of Vascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, China
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1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Peng Liu
1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Abstract
China Supply Custom Hanging Bookshelves Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVE. There are a variety of management modalities for varicose veins. The outcomes of the treatment of varicose veins are different. The papers on Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Electric Hot Water Bottle Argos Products Cheap Price - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance.Supply OEM Custom Where Can You Buy Rice Protein Powder Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Sleep Mask Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichen.Supply OEM Custom Car Spray Booth Oven Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.
Varicose veins are dilated branches of the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein; the incidence of varicose veins varies from 10% to 30%.Wholesale CE High Quality Pressure Washer Hose Adapter Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - MingouRisk factors of varicose veins include family history, age, and pregnancy; a possible risk factor is standing for a long period of time.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Vitamin D Capsules Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines–Supply OEM Custom Unflavored Brown Rice Protein Powder Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge RocHigh ligation and stripping is the traditional approach for varicose veins, yet a variety of alternative options have been used in recent decades,Supply OEM Custom Black Metal Steel Strapping Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited(EVLA),Wholesale CE High Quality Antifungal Agents Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines(RFA), foam sclerotherapy (FS),Wholesale CE High Quality Five Bar Patern Checkered Aluminum Sheet Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology.Supply OEM Custom Tall Bookshelves Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVE–Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Sodium Cyclamate Quality Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc
Manifestation and Severity of Varicose Veins
Patients with varicose veins present from asymptomatic to significant symptoms, including discomfort, aching, pain, itching or eczema, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).China Supply Custom Glass Block Bricks Price Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries LimitedThe diagnosis of varicose veins is based on clinical manifestation and ultrasound.Wholesale CE High Quality Vitamin B12 Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - KeMing Medicines. The CEAP (clinical, etiology, anatomy, pathophysiology) classification is used to describe the degree of varicose veins. The “C” part of CEAP classification is more useful and practical in rating the severity of varicose veins (Wholesale CE High Quality Mica Tape And Fiber Glass Insulating Wire And Cable Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering).Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Wooden Kitchen Shelves Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVESupply OEM Custom Solid Box Style And Plastic Folding Crate Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..Wholesale CE High Quality Vital Protein Pea Protein Isolate Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc,2p+e Cee CableWholesale CE High Quality Vital Wheat Gluten Food Grade Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc; it can provide a road map of vein anatomy similar to contrast venography, as well as essential hemodynamic information about the presence of proximal obstruction, vein valve function,Wholesale CE High Quality Decorative Chain Link Fence Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited.
Table 1
CEAP classification: C (clinical component)
Indication and Contraindication of Treatment for Varicose Veins
The purpose of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent the progression of varicose veins.Supply OEM Custom Kid Drawing Board Products Cheap Price - Unionrise I&E,Supply OEM Custom Bus Spray Paint Cabinet Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical EngineeringSymptomatic patients with C2 to C6 diseases are indicated for management,Wholesale CE High Quality Lead Head Nail Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited, superficial thrombophlebitis, and bleeding.
Asymptomatic patients can be observed and do not need treatment or prophylactic intervention.Supply OEM Custom Synovial Tenosynovitis Stickers Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - XingzhichenHowever, cosmesis is a common reason for treatment of asymptomatic patients, especially for young female patients. It is controversial to perform surgery on patients who have recovered from the superficial phlebitis,China Supply Custom Hand Warmers Products Cheap Price - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliancebecause the dilated varicose veins usually disappeared without further surgical treatment. It is not indicated to perform thrombectomy for superficial thrombosis in great saphenous veins.Wholesale CE High Quality Phone Case For Sale Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shenzhen Hxs Technology, and early surgery in uncomplicated veins will not prevent the development of future varicosities.
Supply OEM Custom Electrostatic Paint Spraying System Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering, such as acute DVT,Ltd.pregnancy, the superficial veins as collaterals for occluded deep veins, and arterial insufficiency; however,Supply OEM Custom Hot Hands Gloves Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance,China Supply Custom Motorcycle Face Mask Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Twisted Nail Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited—further imaging to assess the patency of the deep veins is critical before surgery. Emergent management is usually reserved for bleeding varicosities or suspected DVT.
Modalities for Management of Varicose Veins
Conventional surgical stripping
All management modalities for varicose veins are safe and effective at short-term and midterm follow-up.Wholesale CE High Quality Grocery Store Shelves For Sale Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVEThe methods to manage great saphenous veins traditionally include ligation and division of the saphenofemoral junction and its tributaries in the groin, stripping the great saphenous veins from groin to knee level. The incompetent small saphenous veins are ligated and divided, rather than stripped, close to the popliteal vein in the knee pit, because stripping small saphenous veins may potentially damage the sural nerve.Wholesale CE High Quality Grader Factory & Supplier Price - FengheIt is not rare for recurrence, hematoma, and skin infection to occur after surgical procedure (Supply OEM Custom Rubber Hose Factory & Supplier Price - Mingou). And massive bleeding due to injury to femoral veins,Wholesale CE High Quality Sprouted Brown Rice Protein Powder Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc, and mortality from pulmonary embolism and DVT can happen, even though these are rarely reported.
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Wholesale CE High Quality Loader-Digger Products Cheap Price - Fenghe; these belong to the category of minimally invasive catheter-based procedures.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Weight Of Iron Nails Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries LimitedIn this procedure, a catheter is inserted and positioned at 2 cm below the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Steel Strapping Clip Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited. Alternatively,Wholesale CE High Quality Adhesive Transparent Dressing Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichen.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Whey Protein 80 Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc.Wholesale CE High Quality Kids Hot Water Bottle Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance
Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Lecithin Supplement Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc, no need for hospital admission, no surgical incision, and early resumption of daily activity or work are advantages of this procedure. However, like other surgeries, EVLA still can cause operative or postoperative complications, such as hematoma, infection, skin burn, bruising, and catheter stabbing by laser fiber, or the broken catheter can be left in the body.Supply OEM Custom Where Can I Get Baking Soda Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc,Supply OEM Custom Best Handheld Steam Iron Factory & Supplier Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY,Beautiful Young Sexi Girl Wear BraWholesale CE High Quality Animal Drug Ivermectin Injection Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - KeMing Medicines, recurrence rates,Wholesale CE High Quality Fiber Supplements Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom Aluminium Casting CNC Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Highpoint Machinery,Supply OEM Custom Mutivitamin Syrup Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - KeMing Medicines
Clinical experience shows that the pain after laser ablation contributes to the skin contusion caused between skin and uneven bandages used after the procedure, blisters induced by skin burn,Wholesale CE High Quality Coil Lacing Machine Factory & Supplier Price - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd.China Supply Custom Welded Wire Mesh 9 Gauge Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited;China Supply Custom Pea Protein Wholesale Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc. Using proper compression stocking rather than bandage may reduce the risk of skin contusion. In addition, early ambulation is always critical to preventing DVT.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Vitamin C Brands Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines,Chain Harrow For Atv
Radiofrequency ablation
China Supply Custom Whey Rice Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc; it delivers thermal energy from a bipolar catheter to the insufficient veins. RFA is an effective and safe treatment modality for incompetent veins, and it can be performed in-office as a minimally invasive procedure. The advantages of RFA include low complication rate, reduced pain, high vein occlusion rates,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Aluminium Coil Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology.
Currently available clinical trial evidence suggests RFA and EVLA are at least as effective as surgery in the treatment of great saphenous varicose veins.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Professional Nail Dryer Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY,China Supply Custom Antibiotics Oral Suspension Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines,China Supply Custom Strand Rc Silicone Wire Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical Engineering
Foam sclerotherapy
China Supply Custom Feed Grade Rice Protein Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc; it can be undertaken in the outpatient clinic,China Supply Custom Plastic Type Crate Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..Wholesale CE High Quality Vitamin B12 Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - KeMing MedicinesObservational studies found that success rates vary from 82% to 100%,Wholesale CE High Quality Full Face Mask Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - XingzhichenWholesale CE High Quality Stator Winding Machine Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd.. It takes approximately 1 hour to perform FS, patients do not need to take medicine or stay in the hospital, and patients can go home or continue to work immediately after the procedure. The efficacy of FS is obvious in comparison with conventional surgical stripping (Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM 1 Inch Chain Link Fence Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited). Complications after FS are rare, including bruising, thrombophlebitis, skin pigmentation, and visual disturbance.China Supply Custom Synthetic Turf Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co.
Comparison of postoperative outcomes after conventional surgical stripping (A) with FS (B and C). Multiple surgical scars seen after surgical stripping (A); no visible varicose veins seen 4 days after FS (C) versus obvious varicose veins prior to FS.
Ambulatory phlebectomy
Ambulatory phlebectomy is an outpatient procedure that removes superficial veins through small 2- to 3-mm incisions in the skin overlying the varicose veins and is performed under local anesthesia. The accepted indications for this technique are side branch varicose veins, and varicose veins of the foot, around the ankle, and the knee pit. The most important instrument for this technique is the vein retractor or phlebectomy hook. There are two ways by which the veins can be grasped. The phlebectomy hook is inserted through an incision and the varicose vein is hooked, extracted, and subsequently fixed with a clamp; the vein is finally pulled out by turning the exteriorized part of the vein. Graded compression stockings or compression bandages are usually used for 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure. This procedure is often used as an adjunct to EVLA or RFA, either concomitantly or in the sequential management of tributaries for symptomatic varicose veins. The complications are uncommon but include paresthesia, bruising, hemorrhage, and hematoma. EVLA with with both treatments achieves excellent results at 5 years. Concomitant treatment of varicosities is associated with optimal improvement in both clinical disease severity and quality of life.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Spraying Paint Reciprocating Equipment Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering,Chromium Cast Iron Wear Parts
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Wholesale CE High Quality Synthenic Lawn Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.. The most common cause is the valve insufficiency of the deep veins due to DVT; in rare conditions it can be due to congenital valve or vessel abnormalities.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Effervescent Vitamin C Tablets Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Animal Hot Water Bottle Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Easy Patch Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - XingzhichenWholesale CE High Quality Wooden Slatted Shelving Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE.Wholesale CE High Quality Plain Wooden Shelves Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVE.China Supply Custom Gun-Fix Painting Line Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering.China Supply Custom Soy Lecithin For Nutritional Supplements Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc.Wholesale CE High Quality Herbal Extract Pain Relief Patch Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen. External valvuloplasty, such as external vein valve wrapping,Wholesale CE High Quality Vitamin E Capsules Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines. Ltd.It aims to increase the coating surface and restore valve competency by external supportChina Supply Custom Antipyretic And Analgesic Injection Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicinesand has not gained large popularity due to its efficacy. However,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Poultry Vitamin E Selenium Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines.Wholesale CE High Quality Herbal Extract Pain Relief Patch Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen
Overall, all management modalities appear to be safe and effective in the short term and midterm,China Supply Custom Hydrogel Eye Patch Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - XingzhichenWholesale CE High Quality Red Rice Protein Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.Wholesale CE High Quality Electric Gel Heating Pad Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance;China Supply Custom Mezzanine Staircase Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE. FS was associated with the highest failure rate.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Electric Hot Water Bottle Argos Products Cheap Price - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Steel Strapping Tools Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries LimitedHowever, high-Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM What Is Fiber Good For Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc-term follow-Supply OEM Custom Vanilla Rice Protein Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc.
Acknowledgments
The first three authors (FL, YS, SZ) contributed equally to this article.
References
Articles fromInternational Surgeryare provided here courtesy ofInternational College of Surgeons
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