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Int Surg. 2015 Jan; 100(1): 185–189.
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PMCID:PMC4301287
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Abstract

Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Color Painted Waxed Baling Steel Strapping Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited. There are a variety of management modalities for varicose veins. The outcomes of the treatment of varicose veins are different. The papers on China Supply Custom Cleaning High Pressure Water Gun Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Mingou.Supply OEM Custom Vital Pea Protein Powder Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom Self Service Car Wash Equipment Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingou.China Supply Custom Private Label Dietary Fibers Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.

Varicose veins are dilated branches of the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein; the incidence of varicose veins varies from 10% to 30%.Wholesale CE High Quality Soy Lecithin Powder Low Price Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge RocRisk factors of varicose veins include family history, age, and pregnancy; a possible risk factor is standing for a long period of time.Supply OEM Custom Dihydroartemisinin Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines–Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Barbed Wire3.0 Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries LimitedHigh ligation and stripping is the traditional approach for varicose veins, yet a variety of alternative options have been used in recent decades,China Supply Custom Pet Protein Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc(EVLA),Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Furry Hot Water Bottle Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance(RFA), foam sclerotherapy (FS),Supply OEM Custom Stone Cage Wire Mesh Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited.China Supply Custom Floating Timber Shelving Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - INNOVATIVE–Fiber Optic Fast Connector

Manifestation and Severity of Varicose Veins

Patients with varicose veins present from asymptomatic to significant symptoms, including discomfort, aching, pain, itching or eczema, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Wholesale CE High Quality Fiberglass Aqua Slide For Pool Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shanghai Mutong ToysThe diagnosis of varicose veins is based on clinical manifestation and ultrasound.Wholesale CE High Quality Slimming Dietary Fiber Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc. The CEAP (clinical, etiology, anatomy, pathophysiology) classification is used to describe the degree of varicose veins. The “C” part of CEAP classification is more useful and practical in rating the severity of varicose veins (Supply OEM Custom Artesunate Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines).Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Vital Wheat Gluten Food Grade Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge RocSupply OEM Custom Nested Plastic Crates Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..Supply OEM Custom Mfa Insulation Wire Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering,13x Apg Molecular Sieve DesiccantChina Supply Custom Coating Masking Jig Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical Engineering; it can provide a road map of vein anatomy similar to contrast venography, as well as essential hemodynamic information about the presence of proximal obstruction, vein valve function,Wholesale CE High Quality Ivermectin Injection 1% Veterinary Medicine Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines.

Indication and Contraindication of Treatment for Varicose Veins

The purpose of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent the progression of varicose veins.Supply OEM Custom Gold Detox Foot Patch Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen,China Supply Custom Self Service Car Wash Equipment Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - MingouSymptomatic patients with C2 to C6 diseases are indicated for management,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Burn Dressing Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen, superficial thrombophlebitis, and bleeding.

Asymptomatic patients can be observed and do not need treatment or prophylactic intervention.Supply OEM Custom Painless Dressing Products Cheap Price - XingzhichenHowever, cosmesis is a common reason for treatment of asymptomatic patients, especially for young female patients. It is controversial to perform surgery on patients who have recovered from the superficial phlebitis,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Rebar Tying Wire Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limitedbecause the dilated varicose veins usually disappeared without further surgical treatment. It is not indicated to perform thrombectomy for superficial thrombosis in great saphenous veins.Wholesale CE High Quality Tablets Antibiotic Medicine Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines, and early surgery in uncomplicated veins will not prevent the development of future varicosities.

Supply OEM Custom Plastic Cap Roofing Nails Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited, such as acute DVT,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Games Manufacturer Products Cheap Price - Unionrise I&Epregnancy, the superficial veins as collaterals for occluded deep veins, and arterial insufficiency; however,Wholesale CE High Quality Hair Curler Suppliers Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY,Wholesale CE High Quality Portable Nail Drill Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY,Supply OEM Custom Dinosaur Hot Water Bottle Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance—further imaging to assess the patency of the deep veins is critical before surgery. Emergent management is usually reserved for bleeding varicosities or suspected DVT.

Modalities for Management of Varicose Veins

Conventional surgical stripping

All management modalities for varicose veins are safe and effective at short-term and midterm follow-up.Wholesale CE High Quality Die Casting Auto Parts Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Highpoint MachineryThe methods to manage great saphenous veins traditionally include ligation and division of the saphenofemoral junction and its tributaries in the groin, stripping the great saphenous veins from groin to knee level. The incompetent small saphenous veins are ligated and divided, rather than stripped, close to the popliteal vein in the knee pit, because stripping small saphenous veins may potentially damage the sural nerve.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Pea Plant Protein Powder Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge RocIt is not rare for recurrence, hematoma, and skin infection to occur after surgical procedure (Wholesale CE High Quality Bulk Bicarbonate Of Soda Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc). And massive bleeding due to injury to femoral veins,China Supply Custom Die Casting Process Factory & Supplier Price - Highpoint Machinery, and mortality from pulmonary embolism and DVT can happen, even though these are rarely reported.

Table 2

Complications after different modalities for varicose veins

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China Supply Custom What Is Whey Protein Isolate Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc; these belong to the category of minimally invasive catheter-based procedures.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Neural Relaxation Patch Products Cheap Price - XingzhichenIn this procedure, a catheter is inserted and positioned at 2 cm below the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction.China Supply Custom Food Addtivies Calcium Propionate Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc. Alternatively,Supply OEM Custom Pea Protein For Aquatics Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom Stator Testing Machine Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd..Supply OEM Custom Timber Shelving Units Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE

China Supply Custom Ammonia Baking Soda Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc, no need for hospital admission, no surgical incision, and early resumption of daily activity or work are advantages of this procedure. However, like other surgeries, EVLA still can cause operative or postoperative complications, such as hematoma, infection, skin burn, bruising, and catheter stabbing by laser fiber, or the broken catheter can be left in the body.China Supply Custom Brass Adapter Products Cheap Price - Mingou,China Supply Custom Waxed Steel Strapping Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited,Ltd.Supply OEM Custom Dihydroartemisinin Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines, recurrence rates,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Embossed Aluminum Coil Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology.Supply OEM Custom Can Inside Spray Painting Machine Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering, Ltd.

Clinical experience shows that the pain after laser ablation contributes to the skin contusion caused between skin and uneven bandages used after the procedure, blisters induced by skin burn,Supply OEM Custom High Fiber Grains Factory & Supplier Price - Huge RocWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Pressure Washer Inlet Filter Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingou;Supply OEM Custom Radiant Heater Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering. Using proper compression stocking rather than bandage may reduce the risk of skin contusion. In addition, early ambulation is always critical to preventing DVT.Wholesale CE High Quality Retail Shop Shelving Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE,Angled Soundproofing Fence High Quality Products

Radiofrequency ablation

Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Salon Disinfections Machine Factory & Supplier Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY; it delivers thermal energy from a bipolar catheter to the insufficient veins. RFA is an effective and safe treatment modality for incompetent veins, and it can be performed in-office as a minimally invasive procedure. The advantages of RFA include low complication rate, reduced pain, high vein occlusion rates,Supply OEM Custom Sun Nail Dryer Lamp Factory & Supplier Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY.

Currently available clinical trial evidence suggests RFA and EVLA are at least as effective as surgery in the treatment of great saphenous varicose veins.Wholesale CE High Quality Iron Wire Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited,Supply OEM Custom Plastic Crates Maker Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,China Supply Custom High Quality Artificial Turf Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co.

Foam sclerotherapy

China Supply Custom Cheap Small Plastic Containers Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.; it can be undertaken in the outpatient clinic,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Warehouse Pallet Racking Systems Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Weight Barbed Wire Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries LimitedObservational studies found that success rates vary from 82% to 100%,China Supply Custom Diamond Led Nail Light Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRYWholesale CE High Quality Artificial Roses Leaf Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.. It takes approximately 1 hour to perform FS, patients do not need to take medicine or stay in the hospital, and patients can go home or continue to work immediately after the procedure. The efficacy of FS is obvious in comparison with conventional surgical stripping (Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Protein Powder Pea Protein Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc). Complications after FS are rare, including bruising, thrombophlebitis, skin pigmentation, and visual disturbance.Wholesale CE High Quality Vegetable Protein Isolate Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc

An external file that holds a picture, illustration, etc. Object name is i0020-8868-100-1-185-f01.jpg

Comparison of postoperative outcomes after conventional surgical stripping (A) with FS (B and C). Multiple surgical scars seen after surgical stripping (A); no visible varicose veins seen 4 days after FS (C) versus obvious varicose veins prior to FS.

Ambulatory phlebectomy

Ambulatory phlebectomy is an outpatient procedure that removes superficial veins through small 2- to 3-mm incisions in the skin overlying the varicose veins and is performed under local anesthesia. The accepted indications for this technique are side branch varicose veins, and varicose veins of the foot, around the ankle, and the knee pit. The most important instrument for this technique is the vein retractor or phlebectomy hook. There are two ways by which the veins can be grasped. The phlebectomy hook is inserted through an incision and the varicose vein is hooked, extracted, and subsequently fixed with a clamp; the vein is finally pulled out by turning the exteriorized part of the vein. Graded compression stockings or compression bandages are usually used for 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure. This procedure is often used as an adjunct to EVLA or RFA, either concomitantly or in the sequential management of tributaries for symptomatic varicose veins. The complications are uncommon but include paresthesia, bruising, hemorrhage, and hematoma. EVLA with with both treatments achieves excellent results at 5 years. Concomitant treatment of varicosities is associated with optimal improvement in both clinical disease severity and quality of life.Ltd.,1:10 4wd Rc Car

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China Supply Custom Imd Phone Case Suppliers Factory & Supplier Price - Shenzhen Hxs Technology. The most common cause is the valve insufficiency of the deep veins due to DVT; in rare conditions it can be due to congenital valve or vessel abnormalities.Supply OEM Custom Artesunate Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines,Wholesale CE High Quality Oil Colour Painting Set Factory & Supplier Price - Unionrise I&E.Supply OEM Custom Warehouse Rack & Shelf Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVEChina Supply Custom Ptfe Wire For Sensor Applications Ul 1180 Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.China Supply Custom Animal Protein Concentrate Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Gi Binding Wire Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Vitamin D Capsules Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines.Wholesale CE High Quality 18 Gauge Binding Wire Specifications Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited. External valvuloplasty, such as external vein valve wrapping,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Organic Pea Powder Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Furry Hot Water Bottle Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Jade Rabbit Electrical ApplianceIt aims to increase the coating surface and restore valve competency by external support Ltd.and has not gained large popularity due to its efficacy. However,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Green Grass Carpet Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..Wholesale CE High Quality Cabinet Paint Drying Oven Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical Engineering

Overall, all management modalities appear to be safe and effective in the short term and midterm,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Cheap Field Fence Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries LimitedWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM 1 1/4 Steel Strapping Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Final Forming Machine Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd.;China Supply Custom Children Plastic Slide For Outdoor Amusement Park Factory & Supplier Price - Shanghai Mutong Toys. FS was associated with the highest failure rate.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM 25000 Rpm Nail Drill Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY,Wholesale CE High Quality Welded Wire Mesh Roll Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries LimitedHowever, high-China Supply Custom Lotion Emulsifying Machine Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc-term follow-Wholesale CE High Quality Medical Cold Compresses Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen.

Acknowledgments

The first three authors (FL, YS, SZ) contributed equally to this article.

References

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