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Fan Lin
1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Shiyi Zhang
2Department of Vascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, China
Yan Sun
2Department of Vascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, China
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1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Peng Liu
1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Abstract
Supply OEM Custom Artificial Palm Tree Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.. There are a variety of management modalities for varicose veins. The outcomes of the treatment of varicose veins are different. The papers on Supply OEM Custom Artificial Real Touch Leaves Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..Supply OEM Custom Where Can I Get Baking Soda Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom Spray Coating Equipment Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.Supply OEM Custom Anticoughtin Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines.
Varicose veins are dilated branches of the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein; the incidence of varicose veins varies from 10% to 30%. Ltd.Risk factors of varicose veins include family history, age, and pregnancy; a possible risk factor is standing for a long period of time.Supply OEM Custom Sandblasting Gun Products Cheap Price - Mingou–Ltd.High ligation and stripping is the traditional approach for varicose veins, yet a variety of alternative options have been used in recent decades,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Make Up Female Mannequin Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.(EVLA),Wholesale CE High Quality Cheap Barbed Wire Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited(RFA), foam sclerotherapy (FS),Wholesale CE High Quality Textile Cleaning Gun Products Cheap Price - Mingou.Supply OEM Custom Excavator Rock Bucket Factory & Supplier Price - Fenghe–China Supply Custom Desk Organizer Box Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.
Manifestation and Severity of Varicose Veins
Patients with varicose veins present from asymptomatic to significant symptoms, including discomfort, aching, pain, itching or eczema, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Wholesale CE High Quality Professional Hair Straightening Comb Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRYThe diagnosis of varicose veins is based on clinical manifestation and ultrasound.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Snowing Artificial Christmas Trees Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.. The CEAP (clinical, etiology, anatomy, pathophysiology) classification is used to describe the degree of varicose veins. The “C” part of CEAP classification is more useful and practical in rating the severity of varicose veins (Supply OEM Custom High Pressure Air Hose Products Cheap Price - Mingou).Supply OEM Custom Online Shopping Sodium Saccharin 8-16 Mesh Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge RocChina Supply Custom Wire Fencing Materials Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited.China Supply Custom Hanging Bookshelves Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVE,Cheap Cd Dvd Printing MachineChina Supply Custom Automated Conveyor System Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering; it can provide a road map of vein anatomy similar to contrast venography, as well as essential hemodynamic information about the presence of proximal obstruction, vein valve function,China Supply Custom Fiberglass Aqua Slide For Pool Products Cheap Price - Shanghai Mutong Toys.
Table 1
CEAP classification: C (clinical component)
Indication and Contraindication of Treatment for Varicose Veins
The purpose of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent the progression of varicose veins.China Supply Custom 818 36w 4x9w Bulbs Nail Dryer Uv Lamp Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY,Wholesale CE High Quality Phone Case For Iphone 6 Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shenzhen Hxs TechnologySymptomatic patients with C2 to C6 diseases are indicated for management,Wholesale CE High Quality Top Quality Artificial Turf Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd., superficial thrombophlebitis, and bleeding.
Asymptomatic patients can be observed and do not need treatment or prophylactic intervention.Wholesale CE High Quality C6h12nnao3s - Sodium Cyclamate Factory & Supplier Price - Huge RocHowever, cosmesis is a common reason for treatment of asymptomatic patients, especially for young female patients. It is controversial to perform surgery on patients who have recovered from the superficial phlebitis,China Supply Custom Vitamin B5 Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicinesbecause the dilated varicose veins usually disappeared without further surgical treatment. It is not indicated to perform thrombectomy for superficial thrombosis in great saphenous veins.China Supply Custom Binding Wire Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited, and early surgery in uncomplicated veins will not prevent the development of future varicosities.
Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Nail Product Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited, such as acute DVT,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Backhoe Loader Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Fenghepregnancy, the superficial veins as collaterals for occluded deep veins, and arterial insufficiency; however,Supply OEM Custom Disposable Face Mask Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM 1x1 Galvanized Welded Wire Mesh Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited,Supply OEM Custom Bicarb Soda Uses Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc—further imaging to assess the patency of the deep veins is critical before surgery. Emergent management is usually reserved for bleeding varicosities or suspected DVT.
Modalities for Management of Varicose Veins
Conventional surgical stripping
All management modalities for varicose veins are safe and effective at short-term and midterm follow-up. Ltd.The methods to manage great saphenous veins traditionally include ligation and division of the saphenofemoral junction and its tributaries in the groin, stripping the great saphenous veins from groin to knee level. The incompetent small saphenous veins are ligated and divided, rather than stripped, close to the popliteal vein in the knee pit, because stripping small saphenous veins may potentially damage the sural nerve.Supply OEM Custom Infusion Stickers Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - XingzhichenIt is not rare for recurrence, hematoma, and skin infection to occur after surgical procedure (Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Powder Spraying Production Line Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering). And massive bleeding due to injury to femoral veins,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Electronic Hair Straightener Brush Factory & Supplier Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY, and mortality from pulmonary embolism and DVT can happen, even though these are rarely reported.
Table 2
Complications after different modalities for varicose veins
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Supply OEM Custom Warehouse Racking Installation Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE; these belong to the category of minimally invasive catheter-based procedures.Wholesale CE High Quality Bone Damage Stickers Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - XingzhichenIn this procedure, a catheter is inserted and positioned at 2 cm below the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Cutting Edge Factory & Supplier Price - Fenghe. Alternatively,China Supply Custom 818 36w 4x9w Bulbs Nail Dryer Uv Lamp Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY.Supply OEM Custom Nail Led Lamp Factory & Supplier Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY.China Supply Custom Artificial Palm Tree Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co.
Wholesale CE High Quality Storage Plastic Crate Black Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd., no need for hospital admission, no surgical incision, and early resumption of daily activity or work are advantages of this procedure. However, like other surgeries, EVLA still can cause operative or postoperative complications, such as hematoma, infection, skin burn, bruising, and catheter stabbing by laser fiber, or the broken catheter can be left in the body.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM 20/22/24/26gauge Wire Tinned Copper Conductor Led Lamp Wire Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering,Ltd.,347ii 356ii 362ii Catalogs Magazines Booksposters Industrial Offset Printer MachineSupply OEM Custom Acne Mask Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen, recurrence rates,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Plastic Storage Box Folding Crate Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..Wholesale CE High Quality Trenchless Machinery Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Fenghe,Supply OEM Custom Capsicum Plaster Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen
Clinical experience shows that the pain after laser ablation contributes to the skin contusion caused between skin and uneven bandages used after the procedure, blisters induced by skin burn,Wholesale CE High Quality Now Sports Pea Protein Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge RocChina Supply Custom Battery Operated Nail Dryer Lamp Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY;Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Coil Nails For Pallets Price Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited. Using proper compression stocking rather than bandage may reduce the risk of skin contusion. In addition, early ambulation is always critical to preventing DVT.Wholesale CE High Quality Price Sodium Bicarbonate Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc,Supply OEM Custom Pure Protein Powder Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc
Radiofrequency ablation
Wholesale CE High Quality Tattoo Barbed Wire Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited; it delivers thermal energy from a bipolar catheter to the insufficient veins. RFA is an effective and safe treatment modality for incompetent veins, and it can be performed in-office as a minimally invasive procedure. The advantages of RFA include low complication rate, reduced pain, high vein occlusion rates,Supply OEM Custom Custom Made Plastic Crate Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..
Currently available clinical trial evidence suggests RFA and EVLA are at least as effective as surgery in the treatment of great saphenous varicose veins.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Nail Product Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited,China Supply Custom Fever Plaster Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen,China Supply Custom Table Fan Winding Machine Products Cheap Price - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co.
Foam sclerotherapy
Wholesale CE High Quality Pea Protein Powder Where To Buy Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc; it can be undertaken in the outpatient clinic,Supply OEM Custom High Fiber High Protein Foods Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom Hair Straightening Brush Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRYObservational studies found that success rates vary from 82% to 100%,Ltd.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Stator Forming Machine Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd.. It takes approximately 1 hour to perform FS, patients do not need to take medicine or stay in the hospital, and patients can go home or continue to work immediately after the procedure. The efficacy of FS is obvious in comparison with conventional surgical stripping (Supply OEM Custom Organic Pea Protein Suppliers Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc). Complications after FS are rare, including bruising, thrombophlebitis, skin pigmentation, and visual disturbance.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Cfm Whey Protein Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc
Comparison of postoperative outcomes after conventional surgical stripping (A) with FS (B and C). Multiple surgical scars seen after surgical stripping (A); no visible varicose veins seen 4 days after FS (C) versus obvious varicose veins prior to FS.
Ambulatory phlebectomy
Ambulatory phlebectomy is an outpatient procedure that removes superficial veins through small 2- to 3-mm incisions in the skin overlying the varicose veins and is performed under local anesthesia. The accepted indications for this technique are side branch varicose veins, and varicose veins of the foot, around the ankle, and the knee pit. The most important instrument for this technique is the vein retractor or phlebectomy hook. There are two ways by which the veins can be grasped. The phlebectomy hook is inserted through an incision and the varicose vein is hooked, extracted, and subsequently fixed with a clamp; the vein is finally pulled out by turning the exteriorized part of the vein. Graded compression stockings or compression bandages are usually used for 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure. This procedure is often used as an adjunct to EVLA or RFA, either concomitantly or in the sequential management of tributaries for symptomatic varicose veins. The complications are uncommon but include paresthesia, bruising, hemorrhage, and hematoma. EVLA with with both treatments achieves excellent results at 5 years. Concomitant treatment of varicosities is associated with optimal improvement in both clinical disease severity and quality of life.Wholesale CE High Quality Automotive Spray Booth Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering,m.pointsourcingservices.com
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Wholesale CE High Quality Bromhexine Hydrochloride Syrup Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines. The most common cause is the valve insufficiency of the deep veins due to DVT; in rare conditions it can be due to congenital valve or vessel abnormalities.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Metal T Post Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited,China Supply Custom Gymnasium Factory & Supplier Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..Wholesale CE High Quality Calcium Propionate Made In China Products Cheap Price - Huge RocSupply OEM Custom Cheap Small Plastic Containers Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..China Supply Custom Pet Artificial Turf Factory & Supplier Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..China Supply Custom Vitamin B9 Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines.Supply OEM Custom Synovial Tenosynovitis Stickers Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Face Paint Factory & Supplier Price - Unionrise I&E. External valvuloplasty, such as external vein valve wrapping,China Supply Custom Pt100 Compensate Wire Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering.China Supply Custom Ammonium Bicarbonate In Biscuits Factory & Supplier Price - Huge RocIt aims to increase the coating surface and restore valve competency by external supportWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Fence Barb Wire Arm Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limitedand has not gained large popularity due to its efficacy. However,China Supply Custom Phone Shell Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shenzhen Hxs Technology.Supply OEM Custom Mutivitamin Syrup Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines
Overall, all management modalities appear to be safe and effective in the short term and midterm,Wholesale CE High Quality K Type Used In Teflon Insulated Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical EngineeringWholesale CE High Quality Price Of Isolated Soy Protein Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.Wholesale CE High Quality Kid Drawing Board Products Cheap Price - Unionrise I&E;Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Tensile Strength 16 Gauge Tie Wire Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited. FS was associated with the highest failure rate.Wholesale CE High Quality Ring Shank Nail Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited,China Supply Custom Professional Nail Dryer Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRYHowever, high-Wholesale CE High Quality Poultry Antibiotics Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - KeMing Medicines-term follow-Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Poultry Vitamin E Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines.
Acknowledgments
The first three authors (FL, YS, SZ) contributed equally to this article.
References
Articles fromInternational Surgeryare provided here courtesy ofInternational College of Surgeons
