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Int Surg. 2015 Jan; 100(1): 185–189.
PMCID:PMC4301287
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Abstract

Wholesale CE High Quality Emulsifier Lecithin Soy Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc. There are a variety of management modalities for varicose veins. The outcomes of the treatment of varicose veins are different. The papers on Supply OEM Custom Multi-Function Plastic Crate With Lid Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..Wholesale CE High Quality Vital Protein Pea Protein Isolate Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Car Wash Foam Machine Products Cheap Price - Mingou.China Supply Custom Adjustable Wire Shelving Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - INNOVATIVE.

Varicose veins are dilated branches of the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein; the incidence of varicose veins varies from 10% to 30%.Wholesale CE High Quality Educational Games Products Cheap Price - Unionrise I&ERisk factors of varicose veins include family history, age, and pregnancy; a possible risk factor is standing for a long period of time.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Organic Sprouted Brown Rice Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc– Ltd.High ligation and stripping is the traditional approach for varicose veins, yet a variety of alternative options have been used in recent decades,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Pharmaceutical Modular Cleanroom Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering(EVLA),Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Antimalarial Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines(RFA), foam sclerotherapy (FS),Wholesale CE High Quality Embossed Aluminum Sheet Products Cheap Price - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology.Wholesale CE High Quality Vitamin D Tablets Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines–Conference Table Power Outlet

Manifestation and Severity of Varicose Veins

Patients with varicose veins present from asymptomatic to significant symptoms, including discomfort, aching, pain, itching or eczema, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Farm Guard Field Fence Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries LimitedThe diagnosis of varicose veins is based on clinical manifestation and ultrasound.Supply OEM Custom Diclazuril Veterinary Drugs Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines. The CEAP (clinical, etiology, anatomy, pathophysiology) classification is used to describe the degree of varicose veins. The “C” part of CEAP classification is more useful and practical in rating the severity of varicose veins (China Supply Custom Cheap Whey Protein Isolate Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc).Supply OEM Custom Epoxy Coating Machine Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co.China Supply Custom Sandwich Panel For Dustless Workshop Ceiling Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.Supply OEM Custom Electric Fast Hair Straightener Brush Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY,Ltd.Wholesale CE High Quality Ring Shank Nail Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited; it can provide a road map of vein anatomy similar to contrast venography, as well as essential hemodynamic information about the presence of proximal obstruction, vein valve function,China Supply Custom Strand Rc Silicone Wire Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical Engineering.

Indication and Contraindication of Treatment for Varicose Veins

The purpose of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent the progression of varicose veins.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Die Casting Auto Parts Factory & Supplier Price - Highpoint Machinery,China Supply Custom Imd Phone Case Suppliers Factory & Supplier Price - Shenzhen Hxs TechnologySymptomatic patients with C2 to C6 diseases are indicated for management,China Supply Custom Farm Soil Tilling Machine Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Fenghe, superficial thrombophlebitis, and bleeding.

Asymptomatic patients can be observed and do not need treatment or prophylactic intervention.Wholesale CE High Quality Disposable Printed Face Mask Products Cheap Price - XingzhichenHowever, cosmesis is a common reason for treatment of asymptomatic patients, especially for young female patients. It is controversial to perform surgery on patients who have recovered from the superficial phlebitis,Outdoor Spring Seesawbecause the dilated varicose veins usually disappeared without further surgical treatment. It is not indicated to perform thrombectomy for superficial thrombosis in great saphenous veins.Supply OEM Custom Nature Looking Artificial Turf Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd., and early surgery in uncomplicated veins will not prevent the development of future varicosities.

Supply OEM Custom Mesh 20x20 Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited, such as acute DVT,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Car Wash Foam Machine Products Cheap Price - Mingoupregnancy, the superficial veins as collaterals for occluded deep veins, and arterial insufficiency; however,China Supply Custom Where Can I Get Sodium Bicarbonate Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc,China Supply Custom Modular Metal Shelving Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVE,China Supply Custom Electric Ir Heater Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering—further imaging to assess the patency of the deep veins is critical before surgery. Emergent management is usually reserved for bleeding varicosities or suspected DVT.

Modalities for Management of Varicose Veins

Conventional surgical stripping

All management modalities for varicose veins are safe and effective at short-term and midterm follow-up.China Supply Custom Best Tasting Rice Protein Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge RocThe methods to manage great saphenous veins traditionally include ligation and division of the saphenofemoral junction and its tributaries in the groin, stripping the great saphenous veins from groin to knee level. The incompetent small saphenous veins are ligated and divided, rather than stripped, close to the popliteal vein in the knee pit, because stripping small saphenous veins may potentially damage the sural nerve.China Supply Custom Electronic Hair Straightener Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRYIt is not rare for recurrence, hematoma, and skin infection to occur after surgical procedure (China Supply Custom Farm Fence Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited). And massive bleeding due to injury to femoral veins,China Supply Custom Mobile Library Shelving Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVE, and mortality from pulmonary embolism and DVT can happen, even though these are rarely reported.

Table 2

Complications after different modalities for varicose veins

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China Supply Custom Farm Fence Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited; these belong to the category of minimally invasive catheter-based procedures.Supply OEM Custom Welded Metal Mesh Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries LimitedIn this procedure, a catheter is inserted and positioned at 2 cm below the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Brown Rice Protein Powder Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc. Alternatively,Wholesale CE High Quality Die Casting Auto Parts Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Highpoint Machinery.Supply OEM Custom Grocery Shelves Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE.Wholesale CE High Quality Synthetic Plant Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co.

Wholesale CE High Quality Artificial Palm Trees Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd., no need for hospital admission, no surgical incision, and early resumption of daily activity or work are advantages of this procedure. However, like other surgeries, EVLA still can cause operative or postoperative complications, such as hematoma, infection, skin burn, bruising, and catheter stabbing by laser fiber, or the broken catheter can be left in the body.Wholesale CE High Quality Calcium Supplements Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc,Wholesale CE High Quality Phone Case For Sale Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shenzhen Hxs Technology,Supply OEM Custom Nonwoven Dressing Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - XingzhichenWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Artemisinin 99% Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines, recurrence rates,Wholesale CE High Quality PU dressing Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen.Supply OEM Custom Custom Plastic Storage Crate Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Supply OEM Custom Galvanized Nails For Nail Gun Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited

Clinical experience shows that the pain after laser ablation contributes to the skin contusion caused between skin and uneven bandages used after the procedure, blisters induced by skin burn,Wholesale CE High Quality Organic Protein Shake Products Cheap Price - Huge RocSupply OEM Custom Light Duty Cantilever Rack Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE;Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Salon Use Hand And Foot Paraffin Wax Warmer Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY. Using proper compression stocking rather than bandage may reduce the risk of skin contusion. In addition, early ambulation is always critical to preventing DVT.Supply OEM Custom Non Gmo Soy Lecithin Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Pea Protein 80% Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc

Radiofrequency ablation

Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM First Aid Wound Dressing Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen; it delivers thermal energy from a bipolar catheter to the insufficient veins. RFA is an effective and safe treatment modality for incompetent veins, and it can be performed in-office as a minimally invasive procedure. The advantages of RFA include low complication rate, reduced pain, high vein occlusion rates,Wholesale CE High Quality Phone Case For Iphone 6 Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shenzhen Hxs Technology.

Currently available clinical trial evidence suggests RFA and EVLA are at least as effective as surgery in the treatment of great saphenous varicose veins.China Supply Custom Cutting Edge Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Fenghe, Ltd.,Supply OEM Custom Radiant Heater Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering

Foam sclerotherapy

Supply OEM Custom Organic Pea Protein Powder Bulk Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc; it can be undertaken in the outpatient clinic,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Where Can I Get Baking Soda Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc.Supply OEM Custom Food Additives Sweeteners Products Cheap Price - Huge RocObservational studies found that success rates vary from 82% to 100%,Bottle Display CoolerWholesale CE High Quality Fiberglass Aqua Slide For Pool Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shanghai Mutong Toys. It takes approximately 1 hour to perform FS, patients do not need to take medicine or stay in the hospital, and patients can go home or continue to work immediately after the procedure. The efficacy of FS is obvious in comparison with conventional surgical stripping (Wholesale CE High Quality Teflon 30awg Wire Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering). Complications after FS are rare, including bruising, thrombophlebitis, skin pigmentation, and visual disturbance.Supply OEM Custom Metro Wire Shelving Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVE

An external file that holds a picture, illustration, etc. Object name is i0020-8868-100-1-185-f01.jpg

Comparison of postoperative outcomes after conventional surgical stripping (A) with FS (B and C). Multiple surgical scars seen after surgical stripping (A); no visible varicose veins seen 4 days after FS (C) versus obvious varicose veins prior to FS.

Ambulatory phlebectomy

Ambulatory phlebectomy is an outpatient procedure that removes superficial veins through small 2- to 3-mm incisions in the skin overlying the varicose veins and is performed under local anesthesia. The accepted indications for this technique are side branch varicose veins, and varicose veins of the foot, around the ankle, and the knee pit. The most important instrument for this technique is the vein retractor or phlebectomy hook. There are two ways by which the veins can be grasped. The phlebectomy hook is inserted through an incision and the varicose vein is hooked, extracted, and subsequently fixed with a clamp; the vein is finally pulled out by turning the exteriorized part of the vein. Graded compression stockings or compression bandages are usually used for 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure. This procedure is often used as an adjunct to EVLA or RFA, either concomitantly or in the sequential management of tributaries for symptomatic varicose veins. The complications are uncommon but include paresthesia, bruising, hemorrhage, and hematoma. EVLA with with both treatments achieves excellent results at 5 years. Concomitant treatment of varicosities is associated with optimal improvement in both clinical disease severity and quality of life.Supply OEM Custom Commutator Fusing Machine Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co.,Wholesale CE High Quality Colour Drawing Pencil Products Cheap Price - Unionrise I&E

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Wholesale CE High Quality Welded Wire Mesh Roll Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited. The most common cause is the valve insufficiency of the deep veins due to DVT; in rare conditions it can be due to congenital valve or vessel abnormalities.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Calcium Propionate Price For Food Beverage Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc,Wholesale CE High Quality Logistic Plastic Crate With Lid Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..Wholesale CE High Quality Lid Attached Plastic Crate Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.China Supply Custom Organic Whey Protein Powder Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.Wholesale CE High Quality Watercolor Painting Set Factory & Supplier Price - Unionrise I&E.Wholesale CE High Quality Brown Rice Protein Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.Supply OEM Custom What Is Whey Protein Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Plastic Palette Factory & Supplier Price - Unionrise I&E. External valvuloplasty, such as external vein valve wrapping,Supply OEM Custom Blackhead Removal Face Mask Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Whey Protein Products Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge RocIt aims to increase the coating surface and restore valve competency by external supportWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Sodium Saccharin Suppliers Products Cheap Price - Huge Rocand has not gained large popularity due to its efficacy. However,Supply OEM Custom Gear Products Cheap Price - Fenghe.Supply OEM Custom Sheep Wire Mesh Fence Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited

Overall, all management modalities appear to be safe and effective in the short term and midterm,Artificial Nails Designs Manufacturers Cheap PriceChina Supply Custom Artificial Plants And Trees Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..Wholesale CE High Quality Trenchless Machinery Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Fenghe;Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Vitamin B12 Lozenge Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - KeMing Medicines. FS was associated with the highest failure rate.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Electric Hot Water Bottle Argos Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance,China Supply Custom Oem Hair Straightener Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRYHowever, high-Wholesale CE High Quality Eye Mask Sleep Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen-term follow-Supply OEM Custom ODM Mobile Phone Case Factory & Supplier Price - Shenzhen Hxs Technology.

Acknowledgments

The first three authors (FL, YS, SZ) contributed equally to this article.

References

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