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Fan Lin
1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Shiyi Zhang
2Department of Vascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, China
Yan Sun
2Department of Vascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, China
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1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Peng Liu
1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Abstract
China Supply Custom Tinned Copper Wire Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering. There are a variety of management modalities for varicose veins. The outcomes of the treatment of varicose veins are different. The papers on China Supply Custom Wheel Loader Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Fenghe.Wholesale CE High Quality Plastic Kids Outdoor Playground Slide Factory & Supplier Price - Shanghai Mutong Toys.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Diabetic Foot Dressing Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen.Wholesale CE High Quality Retail Shop Shelving Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE.
Varicose veins are dilated branches of the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein; the incidence of varicose veins varies from 10% to 30%.Wholesale CE High Quality Sodium Saccharin Powder Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge RocRisk factors of varicose veins include family history, age, and pregnancy; a possible risk factor is standing for a long period of time.Supply OEM Custom Spray Painting Machine Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering– Ltd.High ligation and stripping is the traditional approach for varicose veins, yet a variety of alternative options have been used in recent decades,Supply OEM Custom Car Pressure Washer Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingou(EVLA),Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Bird Cage Welded Wire Mesh Roll Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited(RFA), foam sclerotherapy (FS),Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Shaft Pressing Machine Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd..Supply OEM Custom Liquid Emulsifier Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc–Car Brand Sign For Maybach
Manifestation and Severity of Varicose Veins
Patients with varicose veins present from asymptomatic to significant symptoms, including discomfort, aching, pain, itching or eczema, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).China Supply Custom Buy Ammonium Carbonate Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge RocThe diagnosis of varicose veins is based on clinical manifestation and ultrasound.Wholesale CE High Quality Karcher Nozzle Factory & Supplier Price - Mingou. The CEAP (clinical, etiology, anatomy, pathophysiology) classification is used to describe the degree of varicose veins. The “C” part of CEAP classification is more useful and practical in rating the severity of varicose veins (China Supply Custom What Is Whey Protein Isolate Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc).Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Ready Made Wooden Shelves Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVESupply OEM Custom Costco Hand Warmers Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Non Gmo Pea Protein Powder Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc,Cement Silo 1000 T PriceWholesale CE High Quality Shelves For Shops Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - INNOVATIVE; it can provide a road map of vein anatomy similar to contrast venography, as well as essential hemodynamic information about the presence of proximal obstruction, vein valve function,Supply OEM Custom Infusion Stickers Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen.
Table 1
CEAP classification: C (clinical component)
Indication and Contraindication of Treatment for Varicose Veins
The purpose of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent the progression of varicose veins.China Supply Custom Folding Shopping Crate Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,China Supply Custom Black Annealed Iron Wire Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries LimitedSymptomatic patients with C2 to C6 diseases are indicated for management,Wholesale CE High Quality Modular Wooden Shelving Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVE, superficial thrombophlebitis, and bleeding.
Asymptomatic patients can be observed and do not need treatment or prophylactic intervention.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Vitamin C Tablet Rose Hip Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing MedicinesHowever, cosmesis is a common reason for treatment of asymptomatic patients, especially for young female patients. It is controversial to perform surgery on patients who have recovered from the superficial phlebitis,m.fq-laser.combecause the dilated varicose veins usually disappeared without further surgical treatment. It is not indicated to perform thrombectomy for superficial thrombosis in great saphenous veins.Wholesale CE High Quality Wound Dressing Kit Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen, and early surgery in uncomplicated veins will not prevent the development of future varicosities.
Wholesale CE High Quality Lcd Nail Dryer Lamp Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY, such as acute DVT,China Supply Custom Butterfly Suncatcher Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Unionrise I&Epregnancy, the superficial veins as collaterals for occluded deep veins, and arterial insufficiency; however,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Welded Wire Mesh 9 Gauge Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Tpu Iphone 7 Case Products Cheap Price - Shenzhen Hxs Technology,China Supply Custom Ammonium Hydrogen Carbonate Msds Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc—further imaging to assess the patency of the deep veins is critical before surgery. Emergent management is usually reserved for bleeding varicosities or suspected DVT.
Modalities for Management of Varicose Veins
Conventional surgical stripping
All management modalities for varicose veins are safe and effective at short-term and midterm follow-up.Supply OEM Custom Hand Warmers Cvs Factory & Supplier Price - Jade Rabbit Electrical ApplianceThe methods to manage great saphenous veins traditionally include ligation and division of the saphenofemoral junction and its tributaries in the groin, stripping the great saphenous veins from groin to knee level. The incompetent small saphenous veins are ligated and divided, rather than stripped, close to the popliteal vein in the knee pit, because stripping small saphenous veins may potentially damage the sural nerve.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Hydraulic Hose High Pressure Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - MingouIt is not rare for recurrence, hematoma, and skin infection to occur after surgical procedure (Supply OEM Custom Aluminum Blower Cover Factory & Supplier Price - Highpoint Machinery). And massive bleeding due to injury to femoral veins,Wholesale CE High Quality Non Toxic Bright Soft Pastel Factory & Supplier Price - Unionrise I&E, and mortality from pulmonary embolism and DVT can happen, even though these are rarely reported.
Table 2
Complications after different modalities for varicose veins
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Supply OEM Custom Best Handheld Steam Iron Factory & Supplier Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY; these belong to the category of minimally invasive catheter-based procedures.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Automatic Hair Straightening Comb Factory & Supplier Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRYIn this procedure, a catheter is inserted and positioned at 2 cm below the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction.China Supply Custom Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE. Alternatively,Supply OEM Custom Online Shopping Sodium Saccharin 8-16 Mesh Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.Wholesale CE High Quality 0 Manufacturer - Isolated Soy Protein Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.Wholesale CE High Quality Plant Based Pea Protein Powder Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc
Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Artist Sketching Metallic Color Pencil Factory & Supplier Price - Unionrise I&E, no need for hospital admission, no surgical incision, and early resumption of daily activity or work are advantages of this procedure. However, like other surgeries, EVLA still can cause operative or postoperative complications, such as hematoma, infection, skin burn, bruising, and catheter stabbing by laser fiber, or the broken catheter can be left in the body.Wholesale CE High Quality Outdoor Artificial Turf Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co.,Wholesale CE High Quality Farm Tractor Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Fenghe,Wholesale CE High Quality Storage Pallets For Sale Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVEWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Whitening Gel Mask Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen, recurrence rates,China Supply Custom Etfe Insulated Wire Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical Engineering.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Nail Polish Suppliers China Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited,China Supply Custom Mini Nail Dryer Lamp Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY
Clinical experience shows that the pain after laser ablation contributes to the skin contusion caused between skin and uneven bandages used after the procedure, blisters induced by skin burn,China Supply Custom Plastic Crate Storage Crates Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.Wholesale CE High Quality Embossed Aluminum Sheet Products Cheap Price - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology;China Supply Custom Calcium Chloride Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines. Using proper compression stocking rather than bandage may reduce the risk of skin contusion. In addition, early ambulation is always critical to preventing DVT.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Pea Protein Wholesale Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc,6 Inch Butterfly Valve
Radiofrequency ablation
Supply OEM Custom Aluminum Die Casting Machinery Parts Factory & Supplier Price - Highpoint Machinery; it delivers thermal energy from a bipolar catheter to the insufficient veins. RFA is an effective and safe treatment modality for incompetent veins, and it can be performed in-office as a minimally invasive procedure. The advantages of RFA include low complication rate, reduced pain, high vein occlusion rates,Wholesale CE High Quality Welded Gabion Mesh Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited.
Currently available clinical trial evidence suggests RFA and EVLA are at least as effective as surgery in the treatment of great saphenous varicose veins.China Supply Custom Lotion Emulsifying Machine Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc,Wholesale CE High Quality Glue &Glitter Glue Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Unionrise I&E,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Vitamin Ad3e Injection Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines
Foam sclerotherapy
Wholesale CE High Quality Ammonium Bicarbonate Used For Biscuits Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc; it can be undertaken in the outpatient clinic,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM New Design Hair Curler Factory & Supplier Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY.Wholesale CE High Quality Sun9s Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRYObservational studies found that success rates vary from 82% to 100%,Supply OEM Custom Sources Of Fiber Factory & Supplier Price - Huge RocSupply OEM Custom Organic Brown Rice Protein Powder Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc. It takes approximately 1 hour to perform FS, patients do not need to take medicine or stay in the hospital, and patients can go home or continue to work immediately after the procedure. The efficacy of FS is obvious in comparison with conventional surgical stripping (Wholesale CE High Quality Oem Hair Straightener Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY). Complications after FS are rare, including bruising, thrombophlebitis, skin pigmentation, and visual disturbance.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Atv Hand Warmers Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance
Comparison of postoperative outcomes after conventional surgical stripping (A) with FS (B and C). Multiple surgical scars seen after surgical stripping (A); no visible varicose veins seen 4 days after FS (C) versus obvious varicose veins prior to FS.
Ambulatory phlebectomy
Ambulatory phlebectomy is an outpatient procedure that removes superficial veins through small 2- to 3-mm incisions in the skin overlying the varicose veins and is performed under local anesthesia. The accepted indications for this technique are side branch varicose veins, and varicose veins of the foot, around the ankle, and the knee pit. The most important instrument for this technique is the vein retractor or phlebectomy hook. There are two ways by which the veins can be grasped. The phlebectomy hook is inserted through an incision and the varicose vein is hooked, extracted, and subsequently fixed with a clamp; the vein is finally pulled out by turning the exteriorized part of the vein. Graded compression stockings or compression bandages are usually used for 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure. This procedure is often used as an adjunct to EVLA or RFA, either concomitantly or in the sequential management of tributaries for symptomatic varicose veins. The complications are uncommon but include paresthesia, bruising, hemorrhage, and hematoma. EVLA with with both treatments achieves excellent results at 5 years. Concomitant treatment of varicosities is associated with optimal improvement in both clinical disease severity and quality of life.China Supply Custom Mobile Phone Case Suppliers Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shenzhen Hxs Technology,China Supply Custom Gold Detox Foot Patch Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichen
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Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Best Hand Warmer Factory & Supplier Price - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance. The most common cause is the valve insufficiency of the deep veins due to DVT; in rare conditions it can be due to congenital valve or vessel abnormalities.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Sodium Saccharin Suppliers Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Antidiarrheal Agent & Supplementary Electrolyte Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - KeMing Medicines.Wholesale CE High Quality Hot Sale Isolated Soy Protein Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge RocWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM First Aid Wound Dressing Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Organic Pea Protein Powder Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Nail Polish Suppliers China Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited.Wholesale CE High Quality High Fiber Diet Foods Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.Supply OEM Custom Black Steel Strapping Strip Manufacturer Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited. External valvuloplasty, such as external vein valve wrapping,Wholesale CE High Quality School Playground Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..Wholesale CE High Quality Lead Head Nail Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries LimitedIt aims to increase the coating surface and restore valve competency by external supportWholesale CE High Quality Slimming Dietary Fiber Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Rocand has not gained large popularity due to its efficacy. However,Supply OEM Custom Telescopic Aerial Working Vehicle Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Fenghe.Supply OEM Custom Mezzanine Level Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVE
Overall, all management modalities appear to be safe and effective in the short term and midterm,China Supply Custom Pain Stick Products Cheap Price - XingzhichenWholesale CE High Quality Glue &Glitter Glue Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Unionrise I&E.Supply OEM Custom Building Nails Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited;Supply OEM Custom Hand Car Wash Equipment Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingou. FS was associated with the highest failure rate.China Supply Custom Raw Brown Rice Protein Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Best Sources Of Dietary Fiber Products Cheap Price - Huge RocHowever, high-China Supply Custom Quick Response Thermocouple Wire Type K Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering-term follow-Wholesale CE High Quality Plain Protein Powder Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc.
Acknowledgments
The first three authors (FL, YS, SZ) contributed equally to this article.
References
Articles fromInternational Surgeryare provided here courtesy ofInternational College of Surgeons
