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Fan Lin
1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Shiyi Zhang
2Department of Vascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, China
Yan Sun
2Department of Vascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, China
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1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Peng Liu
1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Abstract
China Supply Custom Soya Lecithin Food Grade Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc. There are a variety of management modalities for varicose veins. The outcomes of the treatment of varicose veins are different. The papers on China Supply Custom Where To Buy Phone Case Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shenzhen Hxs Technology.China Supply Custom Gmp Certified Vitamin C Tablet Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM adhesive wound dressing Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen.Supply OEM Custom Single Wire Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited.
Varicose veins are dilated branches of the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein; the incidence of varicose veins varies from 10% to 30%.China Supply Custom selfadhesive wound dressing Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - XingzhichenRisk factors of varicose veins include family history, age, and pregnancy; a possible risk factor is standing for a long period of time.China Supply Custom Protein Shake Recipes Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc–China Supply Custom hemostasis Factory & Supplier Price - XingzhichenHigh ligation and stripping is the traditional approach for varicose veins, yet a variety of alternative options have been used in recent decades,Supply OEM Custom Can Inside Spray Painting Machine Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering(EVLA),Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Make Up Female Mannequin Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.(RFA), foam sclerotherapy (FS),China Supply Custom Best High Fiber Diet Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Powder Coating Conveyor Systems Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical Engineering–Five Bars Antiskid Rubber Sheet
Manifestation and Severity of Varicose Veins
Patients with varicose veins present from asymptomatic to significant symptoms, including discomfort, aching, pain, itching or eczema, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Wholesale CE High Quality Motor Wire Winding Machines Factory & Supplier Price - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co.The diagnosis of varicose veins is based on clinical manifestation and ultrasound.China Supply Custom Antibiotics Oral Suspension Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines. The CEAP (clinical, etiology, anatomy, pathophysiology) classification is used to describe the degree of varicose veins. The “C” part of CEAP classification is more useful and practical in rating the severity of varicose veins (Supply OEM Custom Cheap Whey Protein Powder Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc).Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM What Is Fiber Good For Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge RocChina Supply Custom Table Fan Winding Machine Products Cheap Price - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd..China Supply Custom Ptfe Wire For Sensor Applications Ul 1180 Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering,Fried Rice Making MachineSupply OEM Custom Stainless Steel Nozzle Factory & Supplier Price - Mingou; it can provide a road map of vein anatomy similar to contrast venography, as well as essential hemodynamic information about the presence of proximal obstruction, vein valve function,Supply OEM Custom Tpu Phone Case Iphone 5s Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shenzhen Hxs Technology.
Table 1
CEAP classification: C (clinical component)
Indication and Contraindication of Treatment for Varicose Veins
The purpose of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent the progression of varicose veins. Ltd.,Ltd.Symptomatic patients with C2 to C6 diseases are indicated for management,Supply OEM Custom 98% Soya Lecithin/Soybean Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc, superficial thrombophlebitis, and bleeding.
Asymptomatic patients can be observed and do not need treatment or prophylactic intervention.Ltd.However, cosmesis is a common reason for treatment of asymptomatic patients, especially for young female patients. It is controversial to perform surgery on patients who have recovered from the superficial phlebitis,Business Suitcase Wholesaler Quotes & PriceListbecause the dilated varicose veins usually disappeared without further surgical treatment. It is not indicated to perform thrombectomy for superficial thrombosis in great saphenous veins.Supply OEM Custom Electric Fast Hair Straightener Brush Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY, and early surgery in uncomplicated veins will not prevent the development of future varicosities.
China Supply Custom Cell Phone Case And Accessories Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shenzhen Hxs Technology, such as acute DVT,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM There/Four/Five Axis Coating Line Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineeringpregnancy, the superficial veins as collaterals for occluded deep veins, and arterial insufficiency; however,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Pea Protein Wholesale Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Colored Folding Plastic Containers Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.,Supply OEM Custom Brown Rice And Protein Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc—further imaging to assess the patency of the deep veins is critical before surgery. Emergent management is usually reserved for bleeding varicosities or suspected DVT.
Modalities for Management of Varicose Veins
Conventional surgical stripping
All management modalities for varicose veins are safe and effective at short-term and midterm follow-up.Wholesale CE High Quality Pine Shelving Timber Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - INNOVATIVEThe methods to manage great saphenous veins traditionally include ligation and division of the saphenofemoral junction and its tributaries in the groin, stripping the great saphenous veins from groin to knee level. The incompetent small saphenous veins are ligated and divided, rather than stripped, close to the popliteal vein in the knee pit, because stripping small saphenous veins may potentially damage the sural nerve.China Supply Custom Military Barbed Wire Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries LimitedIt is not rare for recurrence, hematoma, and skin infection to occur after surgical procedure (Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Green Grass Carpet Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co.). And massive bleeding due to injury to femoral veins,Supply OEM Custom Storage Pallets For Sale Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVE, and mortality from pulmonary embolism and DVT can happen, even though these are rarely reported.
Table 2
Complications after different modalities for varicose veins
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Supply OEM Custom Warehouse Rack & Shelf Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVE; these belong to the category of minimally invasive catheter-based procedures.China Supply Custom Motorcycle Face Mask Factory & Supplier Price - XingzhichenIn this procedure, a catheter is inserted and positioned at 2 cm below the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction.Supply OEM Custom Mutivitamin Syrup Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - KeMing Medicines. Alternatively,Supply OEM Custom Kitchen Wire Shelving Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE.Supply OEM Custom Ammonium Bicarbonat Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Spray Machine For Paint Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering
China Supply Custom Plastick Storge Plastic Crate Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd., no need for hospital admission, no surgical incision, and early resumption of daily activity or work are advantages of this procedure. However, like other surgeries, EVLA still can cause operative or postoperative complications, such as hematoma, infection, skin burn, bruising, and catheter stabbing by laser fiber, or the broken catheter can be left in the body.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Foldable Basket Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,China Supply Custom Animal Protein Concentrate Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc,Harness Webbings Automatic Screen Printing MachineSupply OEM Custom Aspartame Sodium Saccharin In Cold Drink Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc, recurrence rates,Wholesale CE High Quality Best Dietary Fiber Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom Antibiotics For Animals Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - KeMing Medicines,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Cutting Edge Factory & Supplier Price - Fenghe
Clinical experience shows that the pain after laser ablation contributes to the skin contusion caused between skin and uneven bandages used after the procedure, blisters induced by skin burn,Supply OEM Custom Kid Drawing Board Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Unionrise I&EWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Cable Aluminum Foil Products Cheap Price - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology;Supply OEM Custom Non Gmo Soy Lecithin Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc. Using proper compression stocking rather than bandage may reduce the risk of skin contusion. In addition, early ambulation is always critical to preventing DVT.China Supply Custom Proteins Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc,www.gilardinoflooring.com
Radiofrequency ablation
China Supply Custom Bakers Ammonia Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc; it delivers thermal energy from a bipolar catheter to the insufficient veins. RFA is an effective and safe treatment modality for incompetent veins, and it can be performed in-office as a minimally invasive procedure. The advantages of RFA include low complication rate, reduced pain, high vein occlusion rates,Wholesale CE High Quality Speed Depilatory Roll On Wax Heater Roller Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY.
Currently available clinical trial evidence suggests RFA and EVLA are at least as effective as surgery in the treatment of great saphenous varicose veins.Wholesale CE High Quality Poultry Antibiotics Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - KeMing Medicines,Wholesale CE High Quality Vital Wheat Gluten Food Grade Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Chocolate Brown Rice Protein Powder Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc
Foam sclerotherapy
Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Easy Patch Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen; it can be undertaken in the outpatient clinic,Supply OEM Custom Reduction Box Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Fenghe.Ltd.Observational studies found that success rates vary from 82% to 100%,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM V Line Face Mask Factory & Supplier Price - XingzhichenChina Supply Custom Slitted Aluminum Strip Factory & Supplier Price - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology. It takes approximately 1 hour to perform FS, patients do not need to take medicine or stay in the hospital, and patients can go home or continue to work immediately after the procedure. The efficacy of FS is obvious in comparison with conventional surgical stripping (Supply OEM Custom Sprouted Rice Protein Powder Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc). Complications after FS are rare, including bruising, thrombophlebitis, skin pigmentation, and visual disturbance.Wholesale CE High Quality Brown Rice Protein Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc
Comparison of postoperative outcomes after conventional surgical stripping (A) with FS (B and C). Multiple surgical scars seen after surgical stripping (A); no visible varicose veins seen 4 days after FS (C) versus obvious varicose veins prior to FS.
Ambulatory phlebectomy
Ambulatory phlebectomy is an outpatient procedure that removes superficial veins through small 2- to 3-mm incisions in the skin overlying the varicose veins and is performed under local anesthesia. The accepted indications for this technique are side branch varicose veins, and varicose veins of the foot, around the ankle, and the knee pit. The most important instrument for this technique is the vein retractor or phlebectomy hook. There are two ways by which the veins can be grasped. The phlebectomy hook is inserted through an incision and the varicose vein is hooked, extracted, and subsequently fixed with a clamp; the vein is finally pulled out by turning the exteriorized part of the vein. Graded compression stockings or compression bandages are usually used for 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure. This procedure is often used as an adjunct to EVLA or RFA, either concomitantly or in the sequential management of tributaries for symptomatic varicose veins. The complications are uncommon but include paresthesia, bruising, hemorrhage, and hematoma. EVLA with with both treatments achieves excellent results at 5 years. Concomitant treatment of varicosities is associated with optimal improvement in both clinical disease severity and quality of life. Ltd.,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM strip dressing Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen
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Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Agricultural Tractor Factory & Supplier Price - Fenghe. The most common cause is the valve insufficiency of the deep veins due to DVT; in rare conditions it can be due to congenital valve or vessel abnormalities.China Supply Custom Mfa Insulation Wire Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Pressure Washer Inlet Filter Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingou.Wholesale CE High Quality 9s Sun Uv Led Nail Lamp Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRYSupply OEM Custom Light Plastic Crate Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..China Supply Custom Plastic Crate Alibaba China Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Expendable Thermocouple Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Weight Of Iron Nails Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited.Supply OEM Custom Nail Lamp Sun T9 Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY. External valvuloplasty, such as external vein valve wrapping,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Green Pea Protein Powder Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom Artificial Oak Trees Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co.It aims to increase the coating surface and restore valve competency by external supportLtd.and has not gained large popularity due to its efficacy. However,Supply OEM Custom OEM Mobile Phone Case Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shenzhen Hxs Technology.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Fiber Intake Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc
Overall, all management modalities appear to be safe and effective in the short term and midterm,19 Rack Cabinet Factory OEM/ODM ProductsSupply OEM Custom Vitamin C Brands Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines.Supply OEM Custom 1L Foam Lance Factory & Supplier Price - Mingou;Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Adhesive Plaster Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen. FS was associated with the highest failure rate.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Grass Carpet For Garden Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co.,China Supply Custom Antibiotic Powder Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing MedicinesHowever, high-China Supply Custom Tornado Gun Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingou-term follow-Wholesale CE High Quality Supplementary Electrolyte Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines.
Acknowledgments
The first three authors (FL, YS, SZ) contributed equally to this article.
References
Articles fromInternational Surgeryare provided here courtesy ofInternational College of Surgeons
