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Int Surg. 2015 Jan; 100(1): 185–189.
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Abstract

Wholesale CE High Quality Spraying Reciprocate Machine Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering. There are a variety of management modalities for varicose veins. The outcomes of the treatment of varicose veins are different. The papers on Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Lamination Aluminum Foil Factory & Supplier Price - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology.China Supply Custom Proteins Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.Wholesale CE High Quality Adapter Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Mingou.China Supply Custom Black Mud Facial Mask Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen.

Varicose veins are dilated branches of the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein; the incidence of varicose veins varies from 10% to 30%.Supply OEM Custom ODM Mobile Phone Case Factory & Supplier Price - Shenzhen Hxs TechnologyRisk factors of varicose veins include family history, age, and pregnancy; a possible risk factor is standing for a long period of time.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Industrial Infrared Heater Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering–Wholesale CE High Quality Industrial Coating Equipment Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical EngineeringHigh ligation and stripping is the traditional approach for varicose veins, yet a variety of alternative options have been used in recent decades,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Baking Soda Uses For Health Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc(EVLA),China Supply Custom Container House Prefab Houses Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering(RFA), foam sclerotherapy (FS),China Supply Custom Mini Nail Dryer Lamp Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Plaster For Rheumatism Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen–Crystal Tea Cups

Manifestation and Severity of Varicose Veins

Patients with varicose veins present from asymptomatic to significant symptoms, including discomfort, aching, pain, itching or eczema, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Cheap T Post Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries LimitedThe diagnosis of varicose veins is based on clinical manifestation and ultrasound.Supply OEM Custom Sealess Steel Strapping Tool Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited. The CEAP (clinical, etiology, anatomy, pathophysiology) classification is used to describe the degree of varicose veins. The “C” part of CEAP classification is more useful and practical in rating the severity of varicose veins (China Supply Custom Robot Spray Painting Machine Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering).Wholesale CE High Quality Pvc Insulated And Sheathed Wires Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical EngineeringSupply OEM Custom Light Duty Cantilever Rack Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM China Supplier Plant Based Organic Rice Protein Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc,Color Stripe AdssSupply OEM Custom Bakers Ammonia Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc; it can provide a road map of vein anatomy similar to contrast venography, as well as essential hemodynamic information about the presence of proximal obstruction, vein valve function,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Stihl Gun Adapter Factory & Supplier Price - Mingou.

Indication and Contraindication of Treatment for Varicose Veins

The purpose of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent the progression of varicose veins.Wholesale CE High Quality Lecithin Supplement Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc,Supply OEM Custom Q235 High Tensile Blue Steel Strapping Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries LimitedSymptomatic patients with C2 to C6 diseases are indicated for management,China Supply Custom Hand Warmers Walmart Factory & Supplier Price - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance, superficial thrombophlebitis, and bleeding.

Asymptomatic patients can be observed and do not need treatment or prophylactic intervention.Supply OEM Custom Automotive Spray Booth Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical EngineeringHowever, cosmesis is a common reason for treatment of asymptomatic patients, especially for young female patients. It is controversial to perform surgery on patients who have recovered from the superficial phlebitis,Supply OEM Custom Rheumatism Stickers Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichenbecause the dilated varicose veins usually disappeared without further surgical treatment. It is not indicated to perform thrombectomy for superficial thrombosis in great saphenous veins.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Powder Spray Cabinet Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering, and early surgery in uncomplicated veins will not prevent the development of future varicosities.

Wholesale CE High Quality Cabinet Paint Drying Oven Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical Engineering, such as acute DVT,Wholesale CE High Quality Supplementary Electrolyte Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicinespregnancy, the superficial veins as collaterals for occluded deep veins, and arterial insufficiency; however,China Supply Custom Glass Block Bricks Price Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited,Wholesale CE High Quality Filter Face Mask Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichen,China Supply Custom Plastic Crate Basket Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.—further imaging to assess the patency of the deep veins is critical before surgery. Emergent management is usually reserved for bleeding varicosities or suspected DVT.

Modalities for Management of Varicose Veins

Conventional surgical stripping

All management modalities for varicose veins are safe and effective at short-term and midterm follow-up. Ltd.The methods to manage great saphenous veins traditionally include ligation and division of the saphenofemoral junction and its tributaries in the groin, stripping the great saphenous veins from groin to knee level. The incompetent small saphenous veins are ligated and divided, rather than stripped, close to the popliteal vein in the knee pit, because stripping small saphenous veins may potentially damage the sural nerve.China Supply Custom Machine To Manufacture Screw Nails Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries LimitedIt is not rare for recurrence, hematoma, and skin infection to occur after surgical procedure (China Supply Custom Vitamin B Complex Syrup Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines). And massive bleeding due to injury to femoral veins,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM The Best Rice Protein Powder Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc, and mortality from pulmonary embolism and DVT can happen, even though these are rarely reported.

Table 2

Complications after different modalities for varicose veins

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Wholesale CE High Quality Medical Plaster Pain Relief Patch Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen; these belong to the category of minimally invasive catheter-based procedures.Ltd.In this procedure, a catheter is inserted and positioned at 2 cm below the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction.Supply OEM Custom Hand Warmers Cvs Factory & Supplier Price - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance. Alternatively,China Supply Custom Pvc Mesh Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited.China Supply Custom Best Rice Protein Powder Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom Awg Thermocouple Compensation Extension Wire Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering

Wholesale CE High Quality The Best Rice Protein Powder Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc, no need for hospital admission, no surgical incision, and early resumption of daily activity or work are advantages of this procedure. However, like other surgeries, EVLA still can cause operative or postoperative complications, such as hematoma, infection, skin burn, bruising, and catheter stabbing by laser fiber, or the broken catheter can be left in the body.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Rotor Assembly Machine Factory & Supplier Price - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co.,Supply OEM Custom Rice Protein Shake Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc,Supply OEM Custom Children Foam Toys Products Cheap Price - Unionrise I&EWholesale CE High Quality Plasitc Used Plastic Crates Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd., recurrence rates,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Powder Coating Spray Booth Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM New Design Foldable Plastic Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Supply OEM Custom Multifunction Electric Steamer Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY

Clinical experience shows that the pain after laser ablation contributes to the skin contusion caused between skin and uneven bandages used after the procedure, blisters induced by skin burn,China Supply Custom Bosch Car Washer Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - MingouSupply OEM Custom Automatic Powder Spray Coating Line Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering;Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Turnvoer Plastic Crates Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.. Using proper compression stocking rather than bandage may reduce the risk of skin contusion. In addition, early ambulation is always critical to preventing DVT.Wholesale CE High Quality High Protein Brown Rice Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc,China Screw Magnet

Radiofrequency ablation

Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM 1050 Cooking Aluminum Circle Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology; it delivers thermal energy from a bipolar catheter to the insufficient veins. RFA is an effective and safe treatment modality for incompetent veins, and it can be performed in-office as a minimally invasive procedure. The advantages of RFA include low complication rate, reduced pain, high vein occlusion rates,China Supply Custom Weight Of Iron Nails Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited.

Currently available clinical trial evidence suggests RFA and EVLA are at least as effective as surgery in the treatment of great saphenous varicose veins. Ltd.,Supply OEM Custom Ivermectin Injection 1% Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Sodium Cyclamate Distributor Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc

Foam sclerotherapy

Supply OEM Custom Gold Detox Foot Patch Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen; it can be undertaken in the outpatient clinic,China Supply Custom Metal Food Display Rack Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..Wholesale CE High Quality 0 Manufacturer - Isolated Soy Protein Factory & Supplier Price - Huge RocObservational studies found that success rates vary from 82% to 100%,Wholesale CE High Quality Wireless Phone Case Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shenzhen Hxs TechnologyWholesale CE High Quality dressing adhesive polyurethane Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen. It takes approximately 1 hour to perform FS, patients do not need to take medicine or stay in the hospital, and patients can go home or continue to work immediately after the procedure. The efficacy of FS is obvious in comparison with conventional surgical stripping (Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Phone Case Company Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shenzhen Hxs Technology). Complications after FS are rare, including bruising, thrombophlebitis, skin pigmentation, and visual disturbance.China Supply Custom Three Phase Motor Winding Machine Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co.

An external file that holds a picture, illustration, etc. Object name is i0020-8868-100-1-185-f01.jpg

Comparison of postoperative outcomes after conventional surgical stripping (A) with FS (B and C). Multiple surgical scars seen after surgical stripping (A); no visible varicose veins seen 4 days after FS (C) versus obvious varicose veins prior to FS.

Ambulatory phlebectomy

Ambulatory phlebectomy is an outpatient procedure that removes superficial veins through small 2- to 3-mm incisions in the skin overlying the varicose veins and is performed under local anesthesia. The accepted indications for this technique are side branch varicose veins, and varicose veins of the foot, around the ankle, and the knee pit. The most important instrument for this technique is the vein retractor or phlebectomy hook. There are two ways by which the veins can be grasped. The phlebectomy hook is inserted through an incision and the varicose vein is hooked, extracted, and subsequently fixed with a clamp; the vein is finally pulled out by turning the exteriorized part of the vein. Graded compression stockings or compression bandages are usually used for 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure. This procedure is often used as an adjunct to EVLA or RFA, either concomitantly or in the sequential management of tributaries for symptomatic varicose veins. The complications are uncommon but include paresthesia, bruising, hemorrhage, and hematoma. EVLA with with both treatments achieves excellent results at 5 years. Concomitant treatment of varicosities is associated with optimal improvement in both clinical disease severity and quality of life.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Materials Used In Making Nails Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited,www.zgnfsjx.com

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Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Pet Protein Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc. The most common cause is the valve insufficiency of the deep veins due to DVT; in rare conditions it can be due to congenital valve or vessel abnormalities.Supply OEM Custom Mini Football Field Artificial Grass Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.,Supply OEM Custom wound dressing making pad Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen. Ltd.Wholesale CE High Quality Brown Rice Protein Benefits Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc.Supply OEM Custom Gold Plated Tungsten Wire Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.China Supply Custom Thermocouple Bare Wire Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.Wholesale CE High Quality Welding Rod 3.15 Mm Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited.Supply OEM Custom Aluminum Blower Cover Factory & Supplier Price - Highpoint Machinery. External valvuloplasty, such as external vein valve wrapping,Wholesale CE High Quality Surgical Dressing Membrane Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Hanging Conveyor System Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical EngineeringIt aims to increase the coating surface and restore valve competency by external supportWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Rehabilitation Products Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichenand has not gained large popularity due to its efficacy. However,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Hydraulic Hose High Pressure Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingou.Wholesale CE High Quality China Black Annealed Iron Wire Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited

Overall, all management modalities appear to be safe and effective in the short term and midterm,Single Filter ElementChina Supply Custom Artificial Oak Trees Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Mi Thermocouple Cable Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical Engineering;Supply OEM Custom Powder Coating Line For Cabinet Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering. FS was associated with the highest failure rate.China Supply Custom Synthetic Plant Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co.,Wholesale CE High Quality Orthodontic Face Mask Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - XingzhichenHowever, high-Wholesale CE High Quality Plastic Wheeled Crate Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.-term follow-Supply OEM Custom Nichrome Thermocouple Wire Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.

Acknowledgments

The first three authors (FL, YS, SZ) contributed equally to this article.

References

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