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Int Surg. 2015 Jan; 100(1): 185–189.
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Abstract

Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Antimalarial Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines. There are a variety of management modalities for varicose veins. The outcomes of the treatment of varicose veins are different. The papers on Wholesale CE High Quality Embossed Aluminum Sheet Products Cheap Price - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology.Supply OEM Custom Diclazuril Veterinary Drugs Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines.China Supply Custom Sandwich Panel For Dustless Workshop Ceiling Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.Wholesale CE High Quality Ring Shank Nail Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited.

Varicose veins are dilated branches of the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein; the incidence of varicose veins varies from 10% to 30%.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Tensile Strength 16 Gauge Tie Wire Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries LimitedRisk factors of varicose veins include family history, age, and pregnancy; a possible risk factor is standing for a long period of time.Wholesale CE High Quality Tablets Antibiotic Medicine Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines–Ltd.High ligation and stripping is the traditional approach for varicose veins, yet a variety of alternative options have been used in recent decades,China Supply Custom Strand Rc Silicone Wire Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical Engineering(EVLA),China Supply Custom Farm Soil Tilling Machine Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Fenghe(RFA), foam sclerotherapy (FS),Supply OEM Custom Nature Looking Artificial Turf Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..Ltd.–Sherpa Pullover Hoodie

Manifestation and Severity of Varicose Veins

Patients with varicose veins present from asymptomatic to significant symptoms, including discomfort, aching, pain, itching or eczema, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM New Design Hair Curler Factory & Supplier Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRYThe diagnosis of varicose veins is based on clinical manifestation and ultrasound.Supply OEM Custom Mesh 20x20 Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited. The CEAP (clinical, etiology, anatomy, pathophysiology) classification is used to describe the degree of varicose veins. The “C” part of CEAP classification is more useful and practical in rating the severity of varicose veins (China Supply Custom Plastic Crate Basket Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.).Wholesale CE High Quality Inconel Welding Rod Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries LimitedChina Supply Custom Where Can I Get Sodium Bicarbonate Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Kid Drawing Board Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Unionrise I&E,Adjustable Backdrop Banner StandChina Supply Custom Modular Metal Shelving Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVE; it can provide a road map of vein anatomy similar to contrast venography, as well as essential hemodynamic information about the presence of proximal obstruction, vein valve function,China Supply Custom Electric Ir Heater Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.

Indication and Contraindication of Treatment for Varicose Veins

The purpose of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent the progression of varicose veins.Wholesale CE High Quality Electric Paint Spray System Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical Engineering,Wholesale CE High Quality Medical Sterilization Paster Factory & Supplier Price - XingzhichenSymptomatic patients with C2 to C6 diseases are indicated for management,China Supply Custom Mobile Library Shelving Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVE, superficial thrombophlebitis, and bleeding.

Asymptomatic patients can be observed and do not need treatment or prophylactic intervention.China Supply Custom Factory Wholesale Nail File Drills Factory & Supplier Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRYHowever, cosmesis is a common reason for treatment of asymptomatic patients, especially for young female patients. It is controversial to perform surgery on patients who have recovered from the superficial phlebitis,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Wax Warmer Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRYbecause the dilated varicose veins usually disappeared without further surgical treatment. It is not indicated to perform thrombectomy for superficial thrombosis in great saphenous veins.Supply OEM Custom 6x6 Reinforcing Welded Wire Mesh Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited, and early surgery in uncomplicated veins will not prevent the development of future varicosities.

China Supply Custom Farm Fence Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited, such as acute DVT,China Supply Custom Floor Mats Factory & Supplier Price - Green Link New Materials Co.pregnancy, the superficial veins as collaterals for occluded deep veins, and arterial insufficiency; however,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Brown Rice Protein Powder Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc,Wholesale CE High Quality Die Casting Auto Parts Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Highpoint Machinery,Supply OEM Custom Grocery Shelves Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE—further imaging to assess the patency of the deep veins is critical before surgery. Emergent management is usually reserved for bleeding varicosities or suspected DVT.

Modalities for Management of Varicose Veins

Conventional surgical stripping

All management modalities for varicose veins are safe and effective at short-term and midterm follow-up.China Supply Custom Tornado Gun Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - MingouThe methods to manage great saphenous veins traditionally include ligation and division of the saphenofemoral junction and its tributaries in the groin, stripping the great saphenous veins from groin to knee level. The incompetent small saphenous veins are ligated and divided, rather than stripped, close to the popliteal vein in the knee pit, because stripping small saphenous veins may potentially damage the sural nerve.Wholesale CE High Quality Kids Painting Sets Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Unionrise I&EIt is not rare for recurrence, hematoma, and skin infection to occur after surgical procedure (China Supply Custom Galvanized Wire Mesh 2 Mesh 5x5 Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited). And massive bleeding due to injury to femoral veins,Wholesale CE High Quality Artificial Palm Trees Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd., and mortality from pulmonary embolism and DVT can happen, even though these are rarely reported.

Table 2

Complications after different modalities for varicose veins

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Wholesale CE High Quality PU dressing Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen; these belong to the category of minimally invasive catheter-based procedures.China Supply Custom Black Mud Facial Mask Factory & Supplier Price - XingzhichenIn this procedure, a catheter is inserted and positioned at 2 cm below the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction.Wholesale CE High Quality Organic Protein Shake Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc. Alternatively,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Salon Use Hand And Foot Paraffin Wax Warmer Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM First Aid Wound Dressing Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen.Wholesale CE High Quality Medical Plaster Pain Relief Patch Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen

Wholesale CE High Quality Phone Case For Iphone 6 Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shenzhen Hxs Technology, no need for hospital admission, no surgical incision, and early resumption of daily activity or work are advantages of this procedure. However, like other surgeries, EVLA still can cause operative or postoperative complications, such as hematoma, infection, skin burn, bruising, and catheter stabbing by laser fiber, or the broken catheter can be left in the body.Supply OEM Custom Pallet Shelves For Sale Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Lcd Nail Dryer Lamp Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY,Buffing And Polishing PadsSupply OEM Custom Organic Pea Protein Powder Bulk Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc, recurrence rates,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Where Can I Get Baking Soda Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom China Wholesale Sodium Cyclamate Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc,China Supply Custom First Aid Wound Dressing Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen

Clinical experience shows that the pain after laser ablation contributes to the skin contusion caused between skin and uneven bandages used after the procedure, blisters induced by skin burn,Wholesale CE High Quality Fiberglass Aqua Slide For Pool Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shanghai Mutong ToysSupply OEM Custom Motto Barbed Wire Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited;Supply OEM Custom Single-Row Crossover Rolling Type Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Fenghe. Using proper compression stocking rather than bandage may reduce the risk of skin contusion. In addition, early ambulation is always critical to preventing DVT. Ltd.,Ltd.

Radiofrequency ablation

Wholesale CE High Quality Welded Wire Mesh Roll Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited; it delivers thermal energy from a bipolar catheter to the insufficient veins. RFA is an effective and safe treatment modality for incompetent veins, and it can be performed in-office as a minimally invasive procedure. The advantages of RFA include low complication rate, reduced pain, high vein occlusion rates,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Calcium Propionate Price For Food Beverage Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.

Currently available clinical trial evidence suggests RFA and EVLA are at least as effective as surgery in the treatment of great saphenous varicose veins.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Organic Black Facial Mask Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen,China Supply Custom Vitamin B9 Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines,Wholesale CE High Quality sheet face mask oem Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen

Foam sclerotherapy

Wholesale CE High Quality Logistic Plastic Crate With Lid Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.; it can be undertaken in the outpatient clinic,China Supply Custom Organic Whey Protein Powder Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.Wholesale CE High Quality Oil Antimalarials Easy To Use Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - KeMing MedicinesObservational studies found that success rates vary from 82% to 100%,Led Screen Bulb P4Wholesale CE High Quality Watercolor Painting Set Factory & Supplier Price - Unionrise I&E. It takes approximately 1 hour to perform FS, patients do not need to take medicine or stay in the hospital, and patients can go home or continue to work immediately after the procedure. The efficacy of FS is obvious in comparison with conventional surgical stripping (Supply OEM Custom Aluminum Die Casting Machinery Parts Factory & Supplier Price - Highpoint Machinery). Complications after FS are rare, including bruising, thrombophlebitis, skin pigmentation, and visual disturbance.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Flexible Hose Factory & Supplier Price - Mingou

An external file that holds a picture, illustration, etc. Object name is i0020-8868-100-1-185-f01.jpg

Comparison of postoperative outcomes after conventional surgical stripping (A) with FS (B and C). Multiple surgical scars seen after surgical stripping (A); no visible varicose veins seen 4 days after FS (C) versus obvious varicose veins prior to FS.

Ambulatory phlebectomy

Ambulatory phlebectomy is an outpatient procedure that removes superficial veins through small 2- to 3-mm incisions in the skin overlying the varicose veins and is performed under local anesthesia. The accepted indications for this technique are side branch varicose veins, and varicose veins of the foot, around the ankle, and the knee pit. The most important instrument for this technique is the vein retractor or phlebectomy hook. There are two ways by which the veins can be grasped. The phlebectomy hook is inserted through an incision and the varicose vein is hooked, extracted, and subsequently fixed with a clamp; the vein is finally pulled out by turning the exteriorized part of the vein. Graded compression stockings or compression bandages are usually used for 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure. This procedure is often used as an adjunct to EVLA or RFA, either concomitantly or in the sequential management of tributaries for symptomatic varicose veins. The complications are uncommon but include paresthesia, bruising, hemorrhage, and hematoma. EVLA with with both treatments achieves excellent results at 5 years. Concomitant treatment of varicosities is associated with optimal improvement in both clinical disease severity and quality of life.Wholesale CE High Quality Pharmaceutical Aluminum Foil Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Nail Polish Raw Material Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited

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Supply OEM Custom What Is Whey Protein Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc. The most common cause is the valve insufficiency of the deep veins due to DVT; in rare conditions it can be due to congenital valve or vessel abnormalities.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Plastic Palette Factory & Supplier Price - Unionrise I&E,Supply OEM Custom Blackhead Removal Face Mask Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Hydroxyde Aluminium +Hydroxyde Magnesium Tabs Products Cheap Price - KeMing MedicinesSupply OEM Custom Gear Products Cheap Price - Fenghe.China Supply Custom Artificial Plants And Trees Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..Wholesale CE High Quality Trenchless Machinery Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Fenghe.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Vitamin B12 Lozenge Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - KeMing Medicines.Wholesale CE High Quality Eye Mask Sleep Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen. External valvuloplasty, such as external vein valve wrapping,Supply OEM Custom ODM Mobile Phone Case Factory & Supplier Price - Shenzhen Hxs Technology.China Supply Custom Cell Phone Case And Accessories Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shenzhen Hxs TechnologyIt aims to increase the coating surface and restore valve competency by external supportWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Green Grass Carpet Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co.and has not gained large popularity due to its efficacy. However,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Lcd Nail Lamp Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Calcium Propionate Vegan Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc

Overall, all management modalities appear to be safe and effective in the short term and midterm,Natural Stone Bracelet Necklace SetWholesale CE High Quality Daily Dietary Fiber Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.Wholesale CE High Quality Artificial Palm Tree Leaves Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.;Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Electronic Hair Straightener Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY. FS was associated with the highest failure rate.China Supply Custom Crates Used For Logistics Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Supply OEM Custom Face Paint Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Unionrise I&EHowever, high-Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Pea Plant Protein Powder Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc-term follow-Wholesale CE High Quality Plastic Collapsible Crates For Plates Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..

Acknowledgments

The first three authors (FL, YS, SZ) contributed equally to this article.

References

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