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Fan Lin
1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Shiyi Zhang
2Department of Vascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, China
Yan Sun
2Department of Vascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, China
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1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Peng Liu
1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Abstract
China Supply Custom Hand Warmers Walmart Factory & Supplier Price - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance. There are a variety of management modalities for varicose veins. The outcomes of the treatment of varicose veins are different. The papers on Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Powder Spray Cabinet Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.Wholesale CE High Quality Cabinet Paint Drying Oven Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical Engineering.China Supply Custom Glass Block Bricks Price Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited.Wholesale CE High Quality Filter Face Mask Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichen.
Varicose veins are dilated branches of the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein; the incidence of varicose veins varies from 10% to 30%.China Supply Custom Cheap Small Plastic Containers Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.Risk factors of varicose veins include family history, age, and pregnancy; a possible risk factor is standing for a long period of time.Wholesale CE High Quality Barbed Wire Length Per Roll Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited–Wholesale CE High Quality Tattoo Barbed Wire Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries LimitedHigh ligation and stripping is the traditional approach for varicose veins, yet a variety of alternative options have been used in recent decades,China Supply Custom Plastic Crate Basket Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.(EVLA),Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM The Best Rice Protein Powder Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc(RFA), foam sclerotherapy (FS),Supply OEM Custom Pea And Rice Protein Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.Wholesale CE High Quality Ammonium Bicarbonate Used For Biscuits Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc–China Supply Custom Black Vinyl Coated Wire Mesh Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited
Manifestation and Severity of Varicose Veins
Patients with varicose veins present from asymptomatic to significant symptoms, including discomfort, aching, pain, itching or eczema, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Supply OEM Custom Animal Veterinary Medicine Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing MedicinesThe diagnosis of varicose veins is based on clinical manifestation and ultrasound.Wholesale CE High Quality Medical Plaster Pain Relief Patch Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen. The CEAP (clinical, etiology, anatomy, pathophysiology) classification is used to describe the degree of varicose veins. The “C” part of CEAP classification is more useful and practical in rating the severity of varicose veins ( Ltd.).Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Plaster For Arthritis Pain Relief Products Cheap Price - XingzhichenSupply OEM Custom Hand Warmers Cvs Factory & Supplier Price - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance.Wholesale CE High Quality Fiber Supplements Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Preservative Calcium Propionate Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge RocChina Supply Custom Pvc Mesh Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited; it can provide a road map of vein anatomy similar to contrast venography, as well as essential hemodynamic information about the presence of proximal obstruction, vein valve function,China Supply Custom Best Rice Protein Powder Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.
Table 1
CEAP classification: C (clinical component)
Indication and Contraindication of Treatment for Varicose Veins
The purpose of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent the progression of varicose veins.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM White Nuisance Face Mask Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Facial Patch Mask Products Cheap Price - XingzhichenSymptomatic patients with C2 to C6 diseases are indicated for management,Wholesale CE High Quality The Best Rice Protein Powder Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc, superficial thrombophlebitis, and bleeding.
Asymptomatic patients can be observed and do not need treatment or prophylactic intervention.China Supply Custom Organic Whey Protein Powder Factory & Supplier Price - Huge RocHowever, cosmesis is a common reason for treatment of asymptomatic patients, especially for young female patients. It is controversial to perform surgery on patients who have recovered from the superficial phlebitis,Aluminium Eggcrate Grillesbecause the dilated varicose veins usually disappeared without further surgical treatment. It is not indicated to perform thrombectomy for superficial thrombosis in great saphenous veins.Wholesale CE High Quality Plasitc Used Plastic Crates Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd., and early surgery in uncomplicated veins will not prevent the development of future varicosities.
Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Powder Coating Spray Booth Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering, such as acute DVT,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Powder Coating Spray Booth Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineeringpregnancy, the superficial veins as collaterals for occluded deep veins, and arterial insufficiency; however,China Supply Custom Bosch Car Washer Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Mingou,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Turnvoer Plastic Crates Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM 1050 Cooking Aluminum Circle Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology—further imaging to assess the patency of the deep veins is critical before surgery. Emergent management is usually reserved for bleeding varicosities or suspected DVT.
Modalities for Management of Varicose Veins
Conventional surgical stripping
All management modalities for varicose veins are safe and effective at short-term and midterm follow-up.Supply OEM Custom Organic Pea Protein Powder Bulk Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge RocThe methods to manage great saphenous veins traditionally include ligation and division of the saphenofemoral junction and its tributaries in the groin, stripping the great saphenous veins from groin to knee level. The incompetent small saphenous veins are ligated and divided, rather than stripped, close to the popliteal vein in the knee pit, because stripping small saphenous veins may potentially damage the sural nerve.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Thhn Thwn Electrical Wire 16 Awg Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical EngineeringIt is not rare for recurrence, hematoma, and skin infection to occur after surgical procedure (Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Oral Injectable Grade Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines). And massive bleeding due to injury to femoral veins,China Supply Custom Weight Of Iron Nails Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited, and mortality from pulmonary embolism and DVT can happen, even though these are rarely reported.
Table 2
Complications after different modalities for varicose veins
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China Supply Custom Metal Food Display Rack Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.; these belong to the category of minimally invasive catheter-based procedures.Wholesale CE High Quality Timber Cube Shelves Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVEIn this procedure, a catheter is inserted and positioned at 2 cm below the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction.Wholesale CE High Quality dressing adhesive polyurethane Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen. Alternatively,China Supply Custom Antipyretic And Analgesic Injection Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Pet Protein Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc. Ltd.
Supply OEM Custom Mini Football Field Artificial Grass Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd., no need for hospital admission, no surgical incision, and early resumption of daily activity or work are advantages of this procedure. However, like other surgeries, EVLA still can cause operative or postoperative complications, such as hematoma, infection, skin burn, bruising, and catheter stabbing by laser fiber, or the broken catheter can be left in the body.Supply OEM Custom Pea Protein Isolate Powder Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc,Wholesale CE High Quality Calcium Propionate Uses Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc,Ltd.Supply OEM Custom wound dressing making pad Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen, recurrence rates,Wholesale CE High Quality Brown Rice Protein Benefits Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc.Supply OEM Custom Nail Lamp Sun T9 Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY,Supply OEM Custom What Is Whey Protein Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc
Clinical experience shows that the pain after laser ablation contributes to the skin contusion caused between skin and uneven bandages used after the procedure, blisters induced by skin burn,Supply OEM Custom Gold Plated Tungsten Wire Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical EngineeringWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Ul10064 Ptfe Wire Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering;China Supply Custom Thermocouple Bare Wire Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering. Using proper compression stocking rather than bandage may reduce the risk of skin contusion. In addition, early ambulation is always critical to preventing DVT.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Brown Rice Protein Powder Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc,Cleaning Microfiber Towel Factory OEM/ODM Products
Radiofrequency ablation
Wholesale CE High Quality Welding Rod 3.15 Mm Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited; it delivers thermal energy from a bipolar catheter to the insufficient veins. RFA is an effective and safe treatment modality for incompetent veins, and it can be performed in-office as a minimally invasive procedure. The advantages of RFA include low complication rate, reduced pain, high vein occlusion rates,Supply OEM Custom Aluminum Blower Cover Factory & Supplier Price - Highpoint Machinery.
Currently available clinical trial evidence suggests RFA and EVLA are at least as effective as surgery in the treatment of great saphenous varicose veins.China Supply Custom Wound Dressing With Silver Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Ulcer Wound Dressing Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen,Wholesale CE High Quality Pvc Hose Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Mingou
Foam sclerotherapy
Wholesale CE High Quality Surgical Dressing Membrane Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen; it can be undertaken in the outpatient clinic,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Hydraulic Hose High Pressure Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingou.China Supply Custom Buy Rice Protein Products Cheap Price - Huge RocObservational studies found that success rates vary from 82% to 100%,Wholesale CE High Quality Timber Storage Shelves Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVEChina Supply Custom Artificial Oak Trees Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.. It takes approximately 1 hour to perform FS, patients do not need to take medicine or stay in the hospital, and patients can go home or continue to work immediately after the procedure. The efficacy of FS is obvious in comparison with conventional surgical stripping (Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Crate For Turnover Container Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.). Complications after FS are rare, including bruising, thrombophlebitis, skin pigmentation, and visual disturbance.Wholesale CE High Quality Fermented Brown Rice Protein Powder Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc
Comparison of postoperative outcomes after conventional surgical stripping (A) with FS (B and C). Multiple surgical scars seen after surgical stripping (A); no visible varicose veins seen 4 days after FS (C) versus obvious varicose veins prior to FS.
Ambulatory phlebectomy
Ambulatory phlebectomy is an outpatient procedure that removes superficial veins through small 2- to 3-mm incisions in the skin overlying the varicose veins and is performed under local anesthesia. The accepted indications for this technique are side branch varicose veins, and varicose veins of the foot, around the ankle, and the knee pit. The most important instrument for this technique is the vein retractor or phlebectomy hook. There are two ways by which the veins can be grasped. The phlebectomy hook is inserted through an incision and the varicose vein is hooked, extracted, and subsequently fixed with a clamp; the vein is finally pulled out by turning the exteriorized part of the vein. Graded compression stockings or compression bandages are usually used for 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure. This procedure is often used as an adjunct to EVLA or RFA, either concomitantly or in the sequential management of tributaries for symptomatic varicose veins. The complications are uncommon but include paresthesia, bruising, hemorrhage, and hematoma. EVLA with with both treatments achieves excellent results at 5 years. Concomitant treatment of varicosities is associated with optimal improvement in both clinical disease severity and quality of life.Wholesale CE High Quality 18 Gauge Binding Wire Specifications Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited,China Supply Custom Vitamin C Tablets Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines
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Supply OEM Custom Powder Coating Line For Cabinet Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering. The most common cause is the valve insufficiency of the deep veins due to DVT; in rare conditions it can be due to congenital valve or vessel abnormalities.Wholesale CE High Quality Plastic Wheeled Crate Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.,Supply OEM Custom Nichrome Thermocouple Wire Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Stator Forming Machine Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Fence Barb Wire Arm Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Pea Protein Powder Brands Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom Cooling Stickers Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen.China Supply Custom Electric Hot Gel Bag Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM What Foods Are High In Fiber List Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc. External valvuloplasty, such as external vein valve wrapping,China Supply Custom Max Protein Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.Wholesale CE High Quality Logistic Plastic Crate With Lid Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.It aims to increase the coating surface and restore valve competency by external supportSupply OEM Custom Disposable Face Mask Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichenand has not gained large popularity due to its efficacy. However,China Supply Custom Add Sweetness To Beverages Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc. Ltd.
Overall, all management modalities appear to be safe and effective in the short term and midterm,FeaturedWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Nestable Plastic Packaging Crate Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..Wholesale CE High Quality Armature Testing Panel Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd.;Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Green Peas Protein Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc. FS was associated with the highest failure rate.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Calcium Propionate Vegan Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc,Wholesale CE High Quality Fiber Diets For Adults Factory & Supplier Price - Huge RocHowever, high-Supply OEM Custom Fep/Pfa Cable Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering-term follow-Supply OEM Custom Spiral Bevel Gear Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Fenghe.
Acknowledgments
The first three authors (FL, YS, SZ) contributed equally to this article.
References
Articles fromInternational Surgeryare provided here courtesy ofInternational College of Surgeons
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