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Fan Lin
1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Shiyi Zhang
2Department of Vascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, China
Yan Sun
2Department of Vascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, China
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1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Peng Liu
1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Abstract
China Supply Custom Solid Plastic Crates Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.. There are a variety of management modalities for varicose veins. The outcomes of the treatment of varicose veins are different. The papers on China Supply Custom Automatic Painting Machine Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering.Supply OEM Custom Good Quality Powder Coating Line Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Tasteless Protein Powder Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom Buy Ammonium Carbonate Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc.
Varicose veins are dilated branches of the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein; the incidence of varicose veins varies from 10% to 30%. Ltd.Risk factors of varicose veins include family history, age, and pregnancy; a possible risk factor is standing for a long period of time.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Jet Power Pressure Washer Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Mingou–Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Vitamin B12 Lozenge Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - KeMing MedicinesHigh ligation and stripping is the traditional approach for varicose veins, yet a variety of alternative options have been used in recent decades,China Supply Custom Perfect Whey Protein Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc(EVLA),Supply OEM Custom 20awg Nickel Plated Copper Silicone Rubber Coated Wire Ul3141 Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering(RFA), foam sclerotherapy (FS),Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM New Design Foldable Plastic Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..China Supply Custom Gmo Free Soya Lecithin Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc–Ultrasound Skin Tightening
Manifestation and Severity of Varicose Veins
Patients with varicose veins present from asymptomatic to significant symptoms, including discomfort, aching, pain, itching or eczema, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Wholesale CE High Quality Rope Course Advanture Factory & Supplier Price - Shanghai Mutong ToysThe diagnosis of varicose veins is based on clinical manifestation and ultrasound.Supply OEM Custom Motto Barbed Wire Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited. The CEAP (clinical, etiology, anatomy, pathophysiology) classification is used to describe the degree of varicose veins. The “C” part of CEAP classification is more useful and practical in rating the severity of varicose veins (China Supply Custom Professional Factory Mode Plastic Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.).Wholesale CE High Quality School Playground Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Games Manufacturer Products Cheap Price - Unionrise I&E.Supply OEM Custom Outdoor Gym Equipemnt Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shanghai Mutong Toys,China Supply Custom Poultry Vitamin E Selenium Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - KeMing MedicinesSupply OEM Custom Storage Mezzanines Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE; it can provide a road map of vein anatomy similar to contrast venography, as well as essential hemodynamic information about the presence of proximal obstruction, vein valve function,Supply OEM Custom Excavator Rock Bucket Factory & Supplier Price - Fenghe.
Indication and Contraindication of Treatment for Varicose Veins
The purpose of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent the progression of varicose veins.Wholesale CE High Quality Soy Lecithin Powder Low Price Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc,Supply OEM Custom Dihydroartemisinin Products Cheap Price - KeMing MedicinesSymptomatic patients with C2 to C6 diseases are indicated for management,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Custom Wood Shelving Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - INNOVATIVE, superficial thrombophlebitis, and bleeding.
Asymptomatic patients can be observed and do not need treatment or prophylactic intervention.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Barbed Wire3.0 Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries LimitedHowever, cosmesis is a common reason for treatment of asymptomatic patients, especially for young female patients. It is controversial to perform surgery on patients who have recovered from the superficial phlebitis,Dichloromethane Kowbecause the dilated varicose veins usually disappeared without further surgical treatment. It is not indicated to perform thrombectomy for superficial thrombosis in great saphenous veins.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Razor Wire For Sale Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited, and early surgery in uncomplicated veins will not prevent the development of future varicosities.
Wholesale CE High Quality Brown Rice Protein Benefits Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc, such as acute DVT,China Supply Custom Floating Timber Shelving Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - INNOVATIVEpregnancy, the superficial veins as collaterals for occluded deep veins, and arterial insufficiency; however,Supply OEM Custom Diy Roller Foam Paint Brush Factory & Supplier Price - Unionrise I&E,Supply OEM Custom Sand Blasting Nozzle Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Mingou,China Supply Custom White Chicken Wire Mesh Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited—further imaging to assess the patency of the deep veins is critical before surgery. Emergent management is usually reserved for bleeding varicosities or suspected DVT.
Modalities for Management of Varicose Veins
Conventional surgical stripping
All management modalities for varicose veins are safe and effective at short-term and midterm follow-up.Wholesale CE High Quality Fiberglass Aqua Slide For Pool Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shanghai Mutong ToysThe methods to manage great saphenous veins traditionally include ligation and division of the saphenofemoral junction and its tributaries in the groin, stripping the great saphenous veins from groin to knee level. The incompetent small saphenous veins are ligated and divided, rather than stripped, close to the popliteal vein in the knee pit, because stripping small saphenous veins may potentially damage the sural nerve.Supply OEM Custom Artesunate Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing MedicinesIt is not rare for recurrence, hematoma, and skin infection to occur after surgical procedure (Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Vital Wheat Gluten Food Grade Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc). And massive bleeding due to injury to femoral veins,Supply OEM Custom 18w 36w Uv Led Nail Dryer Lamp Factory & Supplier Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY, and mortality from pulmonary embolism and DVT can happen, even though these are rarely reported.
Table 2
Complications after different modalities for varicose veins
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Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Coating Aluminum Foil Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology; these belong to the category of minimally invasive catheter-based procedures.Supply OEM Custom Mfa Insulation Wire Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical EngineeringIn this procedure, a catheter is inserted and positioned at 2 cm below the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction.Supply OEM Custom Disposable Antibacterial Face Mask Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichen. Alternatively,China Supply Custom Non Gmo Soy Lecithin Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.Supply OEM Custom Brown Rice Based Protein Powder Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Artist Sketching Metallic Color Pencil Factory & Supplier Price - Unionrise I&E
Wholesale CE High Quality Plain Protein Powder Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc, no need for hospital admission, no surgical incision, and early resumption of daily activity or work are advantages of this procedure. However, like other surgeries, EVLA still can cause operative or postoperative complications, such as hematoma, infection, skin burn, bruising, and catheter stabbing by laser fiber, or the broken catheter can be left in the body.Supply OEM Custom Gold Detox Foot Patch Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen,China Supply Custom Self Service Car Wash Equipment Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingou,Supply OEM Custom Thermocouple For Gas Grill Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical EngineeringChina Supply Custom Alloy Steel Parts Factory & Supplier Price - Fenghe, recurrence rates,Wholesale CE High Quality Pallet Warehouse Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - INNOVATIVE.Supply OEM Custom Painless Dressing Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichen,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Games Manufacturer Products Cheap Price - Unionrise I&E
Clinical experience shows that the pain after laser ablation contributes to the skin contusion caused between skin and uneven bandages used after the procedure, blisters induced by skin burn,Supply OEM Custom Replacer Organic Rice Protein Products Cheap Price - Huge RocWholesale CE High Quality Die Casting Auto Parts Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Highpoint Machinery;China Supply Custom Artificial Palm Tree Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.. Using proper compression stocking rather than bandage may reduce the risk of skin contusion. In addition, early ambulation is always critical to preventing DVT.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Pea Plant Protein Powder Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc,99% Caustic Soda Factory
Radiofrequency ablation
Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Mini Bear Finger & Toe Nail Dryer Factory & Supplier Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY; it delivers thermal energy from a bipolar catheter to the insufficient veins. RFA is an effective and safe treatment modality for incompetent veins, and it can be performed in-office as a minimally invasive procedure. The advantages of RFA include low complication rate, reduced pain, high vein occlusion rates,Wholesale CE High Quality Universal Whey Protein Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.
Currently available clinical trial evidence suggests RFA and EVLA are at least as effective as surgery in the treatment of great saphenous varicose veins.Wholesale CE High Quality Bulk Bicarbonate Of Soda Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Neural Relaxation Patch Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichen,Supply OEM Custom Timber Shelving Units Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE
Foam sclerotherapy
China Supply Custom Diy Craft Products Cheap Price - Unionrise I&E; it can be undertaken in the outpatient clinic,China Supply Custom Mobile Shelving Units Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVE.China Supply Custom Brass Adapter Products Cheap Price - MingouObservational studies found that success rates vary from 82% to 100%,Wholesale CE High Quality Buy Ammonium Carbonate For Baking Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge RocSupply OEM Custom Handwarmer Factory & Supplier Price - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance. It takes approximately 1 hour to perform FS, patients do not need to take medicine or stay in the hospital, and patients can go home or continue to work immediately after the procedure. The efficacy of FS is obvious in comparison with conventional surgical stripping (China Supply Custom Waxed Steel Strapping Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited). Complications after FS are rare, including bruising, thrombophlebitis, skin pigmentation, and visual disturbance.Supply OEM Custom Can Inside Spray Painting Machine Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering
Comparison of postoperative outcomes after conventional surgical stripping (A) with FS (B and C). Multiple surgical scars seen after surgical stripping (A); no visible varicose veins seen 4 days after FS (C) versus obvious varicose veins prior to FS.
Ambulatory phlebectomy
Ambulatory phlebectomy is an outpatient procedure that removes superficial veins through small 2- to 3-mm incisions in the skin overlying the varicose veins and is performed under local anesthesia. The accepted indications for this technique are side branch varicose veins, and varicose veins of the foot, around the ankle, and the knee pit. The most important instrument for this technique is the vein retractor or phlebectomy hook. There are two ways by which the veins can be grasped. The phlebectomy hook is inserted through an incision and the varicose vein is hooked, extracted, and subsequently fixed with a clamp; the vein is finally pulled out by turning the exteriorized part of the vein. Graded compression stockings or compression bandages are usually used for 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure. This procedure is often used as an adjunct to EVLA or RFA, either concomitantly or in the sequential management of tributaries for symptomatic varicose veins. The complications are uncommon but include paresthesia, bruising, hemorrhage, and hematoma. EVLA with with both treatments achieves excellent results at 5 years. Concomitant treatment of varicosities is associated with optimal improvement in both clinical disease severity and quality of life.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Pressure Washer Inlet Filter Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingou,Industrial Sheep Wool Dewatering Machine
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China Supply Custom Butane Hand Warmer Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance. The most common cause is the valve insufficiency of the deep veins due to DVT; in rare conditions it can be due to congenital valve or vessel abnormalities.Supply OEM Custom Tape For Wound Dressing Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen,China Supply Custom Calcium Propionate 99% Food Grade Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.Wholesale CE High Quality Retail Shop Shelving Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVESupply OEM Custom Telescopic Lance Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingou.China Supply Custom Vitamin Injection B12 Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines.Supply OEM Custom High Quality Powder Spray Machine Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.Supply OEM Custom Eyedrops Of Gentamycin Sulfate Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines.Wholesale CE High Quality Logistic Stack And Nest Plastic Crate Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.. External valvuloplasty, such as external vein valve wrapping,Wholesale CE High Quality Synthetic Plant Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..Wholesale CE High Quality Iron Wire Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries LimitedIt aims to increase the coating surface and restore valve competency by external supportSupply OEM Custom Plastic Crates Maker Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.and has not gained large popularity due to its efficacy. However,China Supply Custom Welded Wire Mesh 9 Gauge Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited.China Supply Custom High Quality Artificial Turf Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co.
Overall, all management modalities appear to be safe and effective in the short term and midterm,Wholesale CE High Quality Die Castinjg Tee Fittings Hydraulic Components Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Highpoint MachineryWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM China Supplier Plant Based Organic Rice Protein Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Artificial Leaf Wedding Decoration Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.;Supply OEM Custom Automatic Powder Spray Coating Line Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering. FS was associated with the highest failure rate.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Weight Barbed Wire Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Protein Powder Pea Protein Factory & Supplier Price - Huge RocHowever, high-Wholesale CE High Quality Adhesive Hydrophilic Dressing Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen-term follow-Supply OEM Custom Diamond Aluminium Floor Plate Factory & Supplier Price - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology.
Acknowledgments
The first three authors (FL, YS, SZ) contributed equally to this article.
References
Articles fromInternational Surgeryare provided here courtesy ofInternational College of Surgeons
