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Int Surg. 2015 Jan; 100(1): 185–189.
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Abstract

China Supply Custom Non-Galvanized Welded Wire Mesh Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited. There are a variety of management modalities for varicose veins. The outcomes of the treatment of varicose veins are different. The papers on Wholesale CE High Quality Copper Conductor Awg Silicone Wire Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Karcher K3 Pressure Washer Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingou.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM High Protein Powder Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.Supply OEM Custom Sprouted Rice Protein Powder Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.

Varicose veins are dilated branches of the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein; the incidence of varicose veins varies from 10% to 30%.Wholesale CE High Quality Inlet Water Filter Factory & Supplier Price - MingouRisk factors of varicose veins include family history, age, and pregnancy; a possible risk factor is standing for a long period of time.Supply OEM Custom Brown Rice And Protein Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc–Supply OEM Custom Kid Drawing Board Factory & Supplier Price - Unionrise I&EHigh ligation and stripping is the traditional approach for varicose veins, yet a variety of alternative options have been used in recent decades,Wholesale CE High Quality Nail Product Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited(EVLA),Supply OEM Custom Sodium Saccharin Food Grade Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc(RFA), foam sclerotherapy (FS),China Supply Custom Foldaway Crate Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..China Supply Custom Pea Protein Vegan Shake Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc–2 Kids 1 Sand Box

Manifestation and Severity of Varicose Veins

Patients with varicose veins present from asymptomatic to significant symptoms, including discomfort, aching, pain, itching or eczema, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).China Supply Custom Vital Wheat Gluten 25kg Wheat Flour Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge RocThe diagnosis of varicose veins is based on clinical manifestation and ultrasound.Wholesale CE High Quality Vitamin Drugs Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines. The CEAP (clinical, etiology, anatomy, pathophysiology) classification is used to describe the degree of varicose veins. The “C” part of CEAP classification is more useful and practical in rating the severity of varicose veins (Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Lumbar Muscle Strain Stickers Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichen).China Supply Custom Unflavored Whey Protein Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge RocWholesale CE High Quality Pressure Washer Hose Adapter Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingou.Wholesale CE High Quality Adapter Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Mingou,2.5 Ton Mini ExcavatorSupply OEM Custom Vitamin B Complex Capsules Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines; it can provide a road map of vein anatomy similar to contrast venography, as well as essential hemodynamic information about the presence of proximal obstruction, vein valve function,Supply OEM Custom Slip Door Mat Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..

Indication and Contraindication of Treatment for Varicose Veins

The purpose of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent the progression of varicose veins.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Rivet Nut Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Fenghe,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Gi Binding Wire Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries LimitedSymptomatic patients with C2 to C6 diseases are indicated for management,Wholesale CE High Quality Emulsifier Lecithin Soy Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc, superficial thrombophlebitis, and bleeding.

Asymptomatic patients can be observed and do not need treatment or prophylactic intervention.Supply OEM Custom Galvanized Steel Wire Mesh 3mm Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries LimitedHowever, cosmesis is a common reason for treatment of asymptomatic patients, especially for young female patients. It is controversial to perform surgery on patients who have recovered from the superficial phlebitis,Best Selling Forage Harvesterbecause the dilated varicose veins usually disappeared without further surgical treatment. It is not indicated to perform thrombectomy for superficial thrombosis in great saphenous veins.Supply OEM Custom Multi-Function Plastic Crate With Lid Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd., and early surgery in uncomplicated veins will not prevent the development of future varicosities.

Wholesale CE High Quality Vital Protein Pea Protein Isolate Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc, such as acute DVT,Wholesale CE High Quality Pressure Washer Inlet Filter Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Mingoupregnancy, the superficial veins as collaterals for occluded deep veins, and arterial insufficiency; however,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Car Wash Foam Machine Products Cheap Price - Mingou,China Supply Custom Adjustable Wire Shelving Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - INNOVATIVE,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Pharmaceutical Modular Cleanroom Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering—further imaging to assess the patency of the deep veins is critical before surgery. Emergent management is usually reserved for bleeding varicosities or suspected DVT.

Modalities for Management of Varicose Veins

Conventional surgical stripping

All management modalities for varicose veins are safe and effective at short-term and midterm follow-up.Supply OEM Custom OEM Mobile Phone Case Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shenzhen Hxs TechnologyThe methods to manage great saphenous veins traditionally include ligation and division of the saphenofemoral junction and its tributaries in the groin, stripping the great saphenous veins from groin to knee level. The incompetent small saphenous veins are ligated and divided, rather than stripped, close to the popliteal vein in the knee pit, because stripping small saphenous veins may potentially damage the sural nerve.China Supply Custom Sodium Cyclohexylsulfamate Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge RocIt is not rare for recurrence, hematoma, and skin infection to occur after surgical procedure (China Supply Custom Single Wire Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited). And massive bleeding due to injury to femoral veins,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Antimalarial Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines, and mortality from pulmonary embolism and DVT can happen, even though these are rarely reported.

Table 2

Complications after different modalities for varicose veins

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Supply OEM Custom Diclazuril Veterinary Drugs Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines; these belong to the category of minimally invasive catheter-based procedures.China Supply Custom Rubber Bathroom Floor Mats Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co.In this procedure, a catheter is inserted and positioned at 2 cm below the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction.China Supply Custom Sandwich Panel For Dustless Workshop Ceiling Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering. Alternatively,Wholesale CE High Quality Ring Shank Nail Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited.China Supply Custom Strand Rc Silicone Wire Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical Engineering.Supply OEM Custom Gear Products Cheap Price - Fenghe

China Supply Custom Farm Soil Tilling Machine Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Fenghe, no need for hospital admission, no surgical incision, and early resumption of daily activity or work are advantages of this procedure. However, like other surgeries, EVLA still can cause operative or postoperative complications, such as hematoma, infection, skin burn, bruising, and catheter stabbing by laser fiber, or the broken catheter can be left in the body. Ltd.,China Supply Custom Brown Rice Pea Protein Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc,High Heat Insulation BoardSupply OEM Custom Nature Looking Artificial Turf Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd., recurrence rates,Supply OEM Custom Mesh 20x20 Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited.Supply OEM Custom Untensil Aluminium Circle Factory & Supplier Price - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology,Supply OEM Custom Chromel Alumel Thermocouple Wire Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering

Clinical experience shows that the pain after laser ablation contributes to the skin contusion caused between skin and uneven bandages used after the procedure, blisters induced by skin burn,China Supply Custom Where Can I Get Sodium Bicarbonate Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge RocWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Maintenance Free Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co.;China Supply Custom Modular Metal Shelving Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVE. Using proper compression stocking rather than bandage may reduce the risk of skin contusion. In addition, early ambulation is always critical to preventing DVT.Supply OEM Custom Black Metal Steel Strapping Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited,Supply OEM Custom Vitamin C Tablets For Skin Whitening Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines

Radiofrequency ablation

China Supply Custom Electric Ir Heater Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering; it delivers thermal energy from a bipolar catheter to the insufficient veins. RFA is an effective and safe treatment modality for incompetent veins, and it can be performed in-office as a minimally invasive procedure. The advantages of RFA include low complication rate, reduced pain, high vein occlusion rates,China Supply Custom Mobile Library Shelving Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVE.

Currently available clinical trial evidence suggests RFA and EVLA are at least as effective as surgery in the treatment of great saphenous varicose veins.China Supply Custom Pea Protein Wholesale Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc,China Supply Custom Mobile Shelving Units Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVE,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Agricultural Tractor Factory & Supplier Price - Fenghe

Foam sclerotherapy

Supply OEM Custom 6x6 Reinforcing Welded Wire Mesh Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited; it can be undertaken in the outpatient clinic,China Supply Custom Farm Fence Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Fiber Rich Cereals Factory & Supplier Price - Huge RocObservational studies found that success rates vary from 82% to 100%,Condensing Unit Prices 3hpWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Brown Rice Protein Powder Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc. It takes approximately 1 hour to perform FS, patients do not need to take medicine or stay in the hospital, and patients can go home or continue to work immediately after the procedure. The efficacy of FS is obvious in comparison with conventional surgical stripping (Wholesale CE High Quality Pressure Washer Hose Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingou). Complications after FS are rare, including bruising, thrombophlebitis, skin pigmentation, and visual disturbance.Ltd.

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Comparison of postoperative outcomes after conventional surgical stripping (A) with FS (B and C). Multiple surgical scars seen after surgical stripping (A); no visible varicose veins seen 4 days after FS (C) versus obvious varicose veins prior to FS.

Ambulatory phlebectomy

Ambulatory phlebectomy is an outpatient procedure that removes superficial veins through small 2- to 3-mm incisions in the skin overlying the varicose veins and is performed under local anesthesia. The accepted indications for this technique are side branch varicose veins, and varicose veins of the foot, around the ankle, and the knee pit. The most important instrument for this technique is the vein retractor or phlebectomy hook. There are two ways by which the veins can be grasped. The phlebectomy hook is inserted through an incision and the varicose vein is hooked, extracted, and subsequently fixed with a clamp; the vein is finally pulled out by turning the exteriorized part of the vein. Graded compression stockings or compression bandages are usually used for 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure. This procedure is often used as an adjunct to EVLA or RFA, either concomitantly or in the sequential management of tributaries for symptomatic varicose veins. The complications are uncommon but include paresthesia, bruising, hemorrhage, and hematoma. EVLA with with both treatments achieves excellent results at 5 years. Concomitant treatment of varicosities is associated with optimal improvement in both clinical disease severity and quality of life.Supply OEM Custom Whey Protein Shake Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc,m.realtopmachinery.com

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Supply OEM Custom Grocery Shelves Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE. The most common cause is the valve insufficiency of the deep veins due to DVT; in rare conditions it can be due to congenital valve or vessel abnormalities.Wholesale CE High Quality Artificial Palm Trees Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Artemisinin 99% Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Salon Disinfections Machine Factory & Supplier Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRYWholesale CE High Quality PU dressing Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen.Wholesale CE High Quality Organic Protein Shake Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Salon Use Hand And Foot Paraffin Wax Warmer Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM First Aid Wound Dressing Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen.Wholesale CE High Quality Phone Case For Iphone 6 Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shenzhen Hxs Technology. External valvuloplasty, such as external vein valve wrapping,Supply OEM Custom Organic Pea Protein Powder Bulk Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc. Ltd.It aims to increase the coating surface and restore valve competency by external supportWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Soft Iron Wire Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limitedand has not gained large popularity due to its efficacy. However,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Where Can I Get Baking Soda Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc.Supply OEM Custom Animal Medicine Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - KeMing Medicines

Overall, all management modalities appear to be safe and effective in the short term and midterm,Heat Lamp Bulb 250wWholesale CE High Quality Fiberglass Aqua Slide For Pool Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shanghai Mutong Toys.Supply OEM Custom Single-Row Crossover Rolling Type Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Fenghe;Wholesale CE High Quality Welded Wire Mesh Roll Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited. FS was associated with the highest failure rate.Supply OEM Custom Bulk Pea Protein Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc,Supply OEM Custom 18w 36w Uv Led Nail Dryer Lamp Factory & Supplier Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRYHowever, high-Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Calcium Propionate Price For Food Beverage Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc-term follow-Wholesale CE High Quality Logistic Plastic Crate With Lid Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..

Acknowledgments

The first three authors (FL, YS, SZ) contributed equally to this article.

References

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