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Fan Lin
1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Shiyi Zhang
2Department of Vascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, China
Yan Sun
2Department of Vascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, China
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1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Peng Liu
1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Abstract
Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM What Foods Are High In Fiber List Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc. There are a variety of management modalities for varicose veins. The outcomes of the treatment of varicose veins are different. The papers on China Supply Custom Max Protein Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom Add Sweetness To Beverages Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Nestable Plastic Packaging Crate Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..Wholesale CE High Quality Armature Testing Panel Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd..
Varicose veins are dilated branches of the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein; the incidence of varicose veins varies from 10% to 30%.Wholesale CE High Quality Black Metal Steel Strapping Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries LimitedRisk factors of varicose veins include family history, age, and pregnancy; a possible risk factor is standing for a long period of time.Wholesale CE High Quality Hair Straightening Brush Suppliers Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY–Supply OEM Custom Mobile Shelves Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVEHigh ligation and stripping is the traditional approach for varicose veins, yet a variety of alternative options have been used in recent decades,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Green Peas Protein Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc(EVLA),Supply OEM Custom Fep/Pfa Cable Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering(RFA), foam sclerotherapy (FS),Supply OEM Custom Spiral Bevel Gear Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Fenghe.Supply OEM Custom Agriculture Plastic Tote Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.–Ltd.
Manifestation and Severity of Varicose Veins
Patients with varicose veins present from asymptomatic to significant symptoms, including discomfort, aching, pain, itching or eczema, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Wholesale CE High Quality 4mm Welding Rod Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries LimitedThe diagnosis of varicose veins is based on clinical manifestation and ultrasound.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Children Foam Toys Products Cheap Price - Unionrise I&E. The CEAP (clinical, etiology, anatomy, pathophysiology) classification is used to describe the degree of varicose veins. The “C” part of CEAP classification is more useful and practical in rating the severity of varicose veins (China Supply Custom Sun9s Nail Light Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY).China Supply Custom Facial Mask Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - XingzhichenWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Painted Aluminum Coil Products Cheap Price - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology.China Supply Custom Cooling Stickers Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen,www.hbgcdl-fasteners.comWholesale CE High Quality Solid Timber Floating Shelves Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE; it can provide a road map of vein anatomy similar to contrast venography, as well as essential hemodynamic information about the presence of proximal obstruction, vein valve function,Supply OEM Custom Mirror Polished Aluminum Coil Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology.
Table 1
CEAP classification: C (clinical component)
Indication and Contraindication of Treatment for Varicose Veins
The purpose of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent the progression of varicose veins.Supply OEM Custom 6x6 Reinforcing Welded Wire Mesh Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited,Supply OEM Custom Antimalarials Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing MedicinesSymptomatic patients with C2 to C6 diseases are indicated for management,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Warehouse Pallet Racking Systems Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVE, superficial thrombophlebitis, and bleeding.
Asymptomatic patients can be observed and do not need treatment or prophylactic intervention.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Natural Material Facial Mask Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - XingzhichenHowever, cosmesis is a common reason for treatment of asymptomatic patients, especially for young female patients. It is controversial to perform surgery on patients who have recovered from the superficial phlebitis,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Aluminium CNC Machining Parts Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Highpoint Machinerybecause the dilated varicose veins usually disappeared without further surgical treatment. It is not indicated to perform thrombectomy for superficial thrombosis in great saphenous veins.China Supply Custom 9w Uv Nail Lamp Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY, and early surgery in uncomplicated veins will not prevent the development of future varicosities.
China Supply Custom Antibiotics Lincomycin Hcl Capsule Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines, such as acute DVT, Ltd.pregnancy, the superficial veins as collaterals for occluded deep veins, and arterial insufficiency; however,China Supply Custom Natural Rice Protein Isolate Powder Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc,China Supply Custom Aluminium Casting CNC Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Highpoint Machinery,Supply OEM Custom Bicarbonate Sodium/Sodium Bicarbonate Food Grade Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc—further imaging to assess the patency of the deep veins is critical before surgery. Emergent management is usually reserved for bleeding varicosities or suspected DVT.
Modalities for Management of Varicose Veins
Conventional surgical stripping
All management modalities for varicose veins are safe and effective at short-term and midterm follow-up.Wholesale CE High Quality Welded Gabion Mesh Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries LimitedThe methods to manage great saphenous veins traditionally include ligation and division of the saphenofemoral junction and its tributaries in the groin, stripping the great saphenous veins from groin to knee level. The incompetent small saphenous veins are ligated and divided, rather than stripped, close to the popliteal vein in the knee pit, because stripping small saphenous veins may potentially damage the sural nerve.China Supply Custom Sodium Bicarbonate Baking Soda Products Cheap Price - Huge RocIt is not rare for recurrence, hematoma, and skin infection to occur after surgical procedure (Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Customized Assembly Line Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co.). And massive bleeding due to injury to femoral veins,Supply OEM Custom Commutator Fusing Machine Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd., and mortality from pulmonary embolism and DVT can happen, even though these are rarely reported.
Table 2
Complications after different modalities for varicose veins
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Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Artificial Synthetic Turf Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.; these belong to the category of minimally invasive catheter-based procedures.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Gmo Free Soya Lecithin Products Cheap Price - Huge RocIn this procedure, a catheter is inserted and positioned at 2 cm below the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction.Supply OEM Custom White Wooden Shelf Brackets Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE. Alternatively,Supply OEM Custom Aluminum Blower Parts Factory & Supplier Price - Highpoint Machinery.China Supply Custom Wax Warmer Kit Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Stihl Gun Adapter Factory & Supplier Price - Mingou
Supply OEM Custom Mini Football Field Artificial Turf Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd., no need for hospital admission, no surgical incision, and early resumption of daily activity or work are advantages of this procedure. However, like other surgeries, EVLA still can cause operative or postoperative complications, such as hematoma, infection, skin burn, bruising, and catheter stabbing by laser fiber, or the broken catheter can be left in the body.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Pain Relief Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen,China Supply Custom Portable Handheld Sun6 48w Nail Lamp Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY,Ceramic Candy Bowl Wholesaler Quotes & PriceListWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Spraying Paint Reciprocating Equipment Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering, recurrence rates,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Wooden Kitchen Shelves Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVE.Supply OEM Custom Children Plastic Suncatchers Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Unionrise I&E,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Hand Warmer Packs Factory & Supplier Price - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance
Clinical experience shows that the pain after laser ablation contributes to the skin contusion caused between skin and uneven bandages used after the procedure, blisters induced by skin burn,China Supply Custom Plastic Crates Hinged Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.Supply OEM Custom Plastic Compartment Storage Box Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.;Wholesale CE High Quality Rope Course Advanture Factory & Supplier Price - Shanghai Mutong Toys. Using proper compression stocking rather than bandage may reduce the risk of skin contusion. In addition, early ambulation is always critical to preventing DVT.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Wood Shelves For Sale Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVE,Closed Slot Wiring Duct Manufacturers Cheap Price
Radiofrequency ablation
Wholesale CE High Quality Hard Drawn Wire Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited; it delivers thermal energy from a bipolar catheter to the insufficient veins. RFA is an effective and safe treatment modality for incompetent veins, and it can be performed in-office as a minimally invasive procedure. The advantages of RFA include low complication rate, reduced pain, high vein occlusion rates,Wholesale CE High Quality Blue And Waxed Steel Strapping Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited.
Currently available clinical trial evidence suggests RFA and EVLA are at least as effective as surgery in the treatment of great saphenous varicose veins.China Supply Custom Foam Sprayer Factory & Supplier Price - Mingou,Supply OEM Custom Soy Protein Isolate Cas 9010-10-0 Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc,Wholesale CE High Quality Non-Gmo Pea Dietary Fiber Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc
Foam sclerotherapy
China Supply Custom Unflavored Whey Protein Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc; it can be undertaken in the outpatient clinic,Supply OEM Custom Spray Painting Machine Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Very High Fiber Foods Factory & Supplier Price - Huge RocObservational studies found that success rates vary from 82% to 100%,Kit accessoriesSupply OEM Custom Delcom Electric Warm Bag Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Jade Rabbit Electrical Appliance. It takes approximately 1 hour to perform FS, patients do not need to take medicine or stay in the hospital, and patients can go home or continue to work immediately after the procedure. The efficacy of FS is obvious in comparison with conventional surgical stripping (China Supply Custom Very High Fiber Foods Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc). Complications after FS are rare, including bruising, thrombophlebitis, skin pigmentation, and visual disturbance.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Embossed Aluminum Sheet Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology
Comparison of postoperative outcomes after conventional surgical stripping (A) with FS (B and C). Multiple surgical scars seen after surgical stripping (A); no visible varicose veins seen 4 days after FS (C) versus obvious varicose veins prior to FS.
Ambulatory phlebectomy
Ambulatory phlebectomy is an outpatient procedure that removes superficial veins through small 2- to 3-mm incisions in the skin overlying the varicose veins and is performed under local anesthesia. The accepted indications for this technique are side branch varicose veins, and varicose veins of the foot, around the ankle, and the knee pit. The most important instrument for this technique is the vein retractor or phlebectomy hook. There are two ways by which the veins can be grasped. The phlebectomy hook is inserted through an incision and the varicose vein is hooked, extracted, and subsequently fixed with a clamp; the vein is finally pulled out by turning the exteriorized part of the vein. Graded compression stockings or compression bandages are usually used for 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure. This procedure is often used as an adjunct to EVLA or RFA, either concomitantly or in the sequential management of tributaries for symptomatic varicose veins. The complications are uncommon but include paresthesia, bruising, hemorrhage, and hematoma. EVLA with with both treatments achieves excellent results at 5 years. Concomitant treatment of varicosities is associated with optimal improvement in both clinical disease severity and quality of life.Ltd.,Fujifilm Polaroid Instax Mini Film
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China Supply Custom Hangzhou Jinding Aluminium Industry Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology. The most common cause is the valve insufficiency of the deep veins due to DVT; in rare conditions it can be due to congenital valve or vessel abnormalities.Wholesale CE High Quality High Protein Brown Rice Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc,Wholesale CE High Quality Hot Sale Plastic Pallet Unfoldable Box Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..China Supply Custom Construction Steel Strap Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries LimitedChina Supply Custom Plastic Grass Carpet Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Color Goods Stands Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..China Supply Custom Muscle Whey Protein Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom 50ml 100ml Vitamin B Complex Injection Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Storage Crate With Cover Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.. External valvuloplasty, such as external vein valve wrapping,Wholesale CE High Quality Hot Dip Galvanized Mesh Fence Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited.China Supply Custom White Rice Protein Products Cheap Price - Huge RocIt aims to increase the coating surface and restore valve competency by external support Ltd.and has not gained large popularity due to its efficacy. However,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Plastic Floor Camping Mats Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Coating Aluminum Foil Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shuanglin Jiate Metal Technology
Overall, all management modalities appear to be safe and effective in the short term and midterm,Curved Top Palisade FencingWholesale CE High Quality sheet face mask oem Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen.Wholesale CE High Quality Plastic Dolly For Sale Products Cheap Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.;Supply OEM Custom Brown Rice Whey Protein Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc. FS was associated with the highest failure rate.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Car Care Cleaning Products Cheap Price - Mingou,Ltd.However, high-China Supply Custom Spray Paint Ventilation System Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - FOD Electrical Engineering-term follow-China Supply Custom Armature Winder Factory & Supplier Price - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd..
Acknowledgments
The first three authors (FL, YS, SZ) contributed equally to this article.
References
Articles fromInternational Surgeryare provided here courtesy ofInternational College of Surgeons
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