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Fan Lin
1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Shiyi Zhang
2Department of Vascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, China
Yan Sun
2Department of Vascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, China
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1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Peng Liu
1Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital No. 2, Yinghua yuan East Road, Beijing, China
Abstract
Wholesale CE High Quality Medical Sterilization Paster Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen. There are a variety of management modalities for varicose veins. The outcomes of the treatment of varicose veins are different. The papers on Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Wooden Kitchen Shelves Products Cheap Price - INNOVATIVE.China Supply Custom Wound Dressing With Silver Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen.Wholesale CE High Quality Fep Insulated Fluoroplastics Wire Ul1332 Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Where To Find Sodium Bicarbonate Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.
Varicose veins are dilated branches of the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein; the incidence of varicose veins varies from 10% to 30%.China Supply Custom Hangzhou Jinding Aluminium Industry Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shuanglin Jiate Metal TechnologyRisk factors of varicose veins include family history, age, and pregnancy; a possible risk factor is standing for a long period of time.Wholesale CE High Quality 18 Gauge Binding Wire Specifications Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited–Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Stator Forming Machine Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co.High ligation and stripping is the traditional approach for varicose veins, yet a variety of alternative options have been used in recent decades,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Large Plastic Crate Box Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.(EVLA),China Supply Custom Best Tasting Rice Protein Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc(RFA), foam sclerotherapy (FS),China Supply Custom 86barbed Wire Weight Per Meter Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited.Wholesale CE High Quality Logistic Plastic Crate With Lid Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.–China Supply Custom Steel Mezzanine Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE
Manifestation and Severity of Varicose Veins
Patients with varicose veins present from asymptomatic to significant symptoms, including discomfort, aching, pain, itching or eczema, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Supply OEM Custom Disposable Face Mask Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - XingzhichenThe diagnosis of varicose veins is based on clinical manifestation and ultrasound.China Supply Custom Machine To Manufacture Screw Nails Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited. The CEAP (clinical, etiology, anatomy, pathophysiology) classification is used to describe the degree of varicose veins. The “C” part of CEAP classification is more useful and practical in rating the severity of varicose veins ( Ltd.).Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Calcium Propionate Vegan Products Cheap Price - Huge RocChina Supply Custom Brown Rice Protein Powder Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc.Wholesale CE High Quality Fiber Diets For Adults Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc,China Supply Custom Mobile Accessory Factory Factory & Supplier Price - Shenzhen Hxs TechnologyWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM High Pressure Hose Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Mingou; it can provide a road map of vein anatomy similar to contrast venography, as well as essential hemodynamic information about the presence of proximal obstruction, vein valve function,Supply OEM Custom Cold Rolled Steel Straps Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited.
Table 1
CEAP classification: C (clinical component)
Indication and Contraindication of Treatment for Varicose Veins
The purpose of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent the progression of varicose veins.China Supply Custom Organic Soy Lecithin Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM 99% Artemisinin Products Cheap Price - KeMing MedicinesSymptomatic patients with C2 to C6 diseases are indicated for management,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM What Vegetables Are High In Fiber Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc, superficial thrombophlebitis, and bleeding.
Asymptomatic patients can be observed and do not need treatment or prophylactic intervention.China Supply Custom Good Wax Warmer Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRYHowever, cosmesis is a common reason for treatment of asymptomatic patients, especially for young female patients. It is controversial to perform surgery on patients who have recovered from the superficial phlebitis,Wholesale CE High Quality Flowers Artificial Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co.because the dilated varicose veins usually disappeared without further surgical treatment. It is not indicated to perform thrombectomy for superficial thrombosis in great saphenous veins.Wholesale CE High Quality Doxycycline Antimalarial Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines, and early surgery in uncomplicated veins will not prevent the development of future varicosities.
Supply OEM Custom Soy Lecithin Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc, such as acute DVT,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Sodium Saccharin Uses Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Rocpregnancy, the superficial veins as collaterals for occluded deep veins, and arterial insufficiency; however,Wholesale CE High Quality Low Price Natural Soya Bean Lecithin Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Rehabilitation Products Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen,Supply OEM Custom Plastic Crates Maker Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.—further imaging to assess the patency of the deep veins is critical before surgery. Emergent management is usually reserved for bleeding varicosities or suspected DVT.
Modalities for Management of Varicose Veins
Conventional surgical stripping
All management modalities for varicose veins are safe and effective at short-term and midterm follow-up.Supply OEM Custom Zippo Hand Warmer Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Jade Rabbit Electrical ApplianceThe methods to manage great saphenous veins traditionally include ligation and division of the saphenofemoral junction and its tributaries in the groin, stripping the great saphenous veins from groin to knee level. The incompetent small saphenous veins are ligated and divided, rather than stripped, close to the popliteal vein in the knee pit, because stripping small saphenous veins may potentially damage the sural nerve.Ltd.It is not rare for recurrence, hematoma, and skin infection to occur after surgical procedure (Wholesale CE High Quality Adhesive Transparent Dressing Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichen). And massive bleeding due to injury to femoral veins,China Supply Custom Mobile Phone Case Suppliers Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Shenzhen Hxs Technology, and mortality from pulmonary embolism and DVT can happen, even though these are rarely reported.
Table 2
Complications after different modalities for varicose veins
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Supply OEM Custom Good Whey Protein Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc; these belong to the category of minimally invasive catheter-based procedures.China Supply Custom Feed Grade Rice Protein Products Cheap Price - Huge RocIn this procedure, a catheter is inserted and positioned at 2 cm below the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction.Supply OEM Custom Collapsible Plastic Crate With Handle Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.. Alternatively,Wholesale CE High Quality Plastic Palette Knife Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Unionrise I&E.China Supply Custom Farm Machine Loosening Soil Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Fenghe.China Supply Custom Pvc Mesh Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited
Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Organic Sprouted Brown Rice Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc, no need for hospital admission, no surgical incision, and early resumption of daily activity or work are advantages of this procedure. However, like other surgeries, EVLA still can cause operative or postoperative complications, such as hematoma, infection, skin burn, bruising, and catheter stabbing by laser fiber, or the broken catheter can be left in the body.China Supply Custom Rheumatism Adhesive Pain Relief Plaster Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Xingzhichen,Ltd.,Name Necklace Supplier & FactoryWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Adjustable Wire Shelving Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE, recurrence rates,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Protein Powder Pea Protein Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Pharmaceutical Modular Cleanroom Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering,China Supply Custom Carbon Steel Parts Products Cheap Price - Fenghe
Clinical experience shows that the pain after laser ablation contributes to the skin contusion caused between skin and uneven bandages used after the procedure, blisters induced by skin burn,China Supply Custom Professional Hair Curler Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRYSupply OEM Custom Vitamin B Complex Capsules Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines;Wholesale CE High Quality Nail Head Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries Limited. Using proper compression stocking rather than bandage may reduce the risk of skin contusion. In addition, early ambulation is always critical to preventing DVT.China Supply Custom Rice Protein Isolated Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc,www.abotled.com
Radiofrequency ablation
Wholesale CE High Quality Timber Cube Shelves Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE; it delivers thermal energy from a bipolar catheter to the insufficient veins. RFA is an effective and safe treatment modality for incompetent veins, and it can be performed in-office as a minimally invasive procedure. The advantages of RFA include low complication rate, reduced pain, high vein occlusion rates,China Supply Custom Sewage Hose Factory & Supplier Price - Mingou.
Currently available clinical trial evidence suggests RFA and EVLA are at least as effective as surgery in the treatment of great saphenous varicose veins.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Children Foam Toys Products Cheap Price - Unionrise I&E,China Supply Custom Alginate Fiber Wound Dressings Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichen,China Supply Custom V Protein Powder Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc
Foam sclerotherapy
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Comparison of postoperative outcomes after conventional surgical stripping (A) with FS (B and C). Multiple surgical scars seen after surgical stripping (A); no visible varicose veins seen 4 days after FS (C) versus obvious varicose veins prior to FS.
Ambulatory phlebectomy
Ambulatory phlebectomy is an outpatient procedure that removes superficial veins through small 2- to 3-mm incisions in the skin overlying the varicose veins and is performed under local anesthesia. The accepted indications for this technique are side branch varicose veins, and varicose veins of the foot, around the ankle, and the knee pit. The most important instrument for this technique is the vein retractor or phlebectomy hook. There are two ways by which the veins can be grasped. The phlebectomy hook is inserted through an incision and the varicose vein is hooked, extracted, and subsequently fixed with a clamp; the vein is finally pulled out by turning the exteriorized part of the vein. Graded compression stockings or compression bandages are usually used for 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure. This procedure is often used as an adjunct to EVLA or RFA, either concomitantly or in the sequential management of tributaries for symptomatic varicose veins. The complications are uncommon but include paresthesia, bruising, hemorrhage, and hematoma. EVLA with with both treatments achieves excellent results at 5 years. Concomitant treatment of varicosities is associated with optimal improvement in both clinical disease severity and quality of life.Wholesale CE High Quality Ivermectin Injection 1% Veterinary Medicine Products Cheap Price - KeMing Medicines,Hook And Loop For Animal Collars
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Overall, all management modalities appear to be safe and effective in the short term and midterm,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Import Nails Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries LimitedSupply OEM Custom 8 - Pea Protein Isolate Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc.Supply OEM Custom High Pressure Water Hose Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Mingou;China Supply Custom 1/4 Pressure Washer Drain Sewer Cleaning Nozzle Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Mingou. FS was associated with the highest failure rate.Wholesale CE High Quality PU dressing Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen,Wholesale CE High Quality Pallet Warehouse Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - INNOVATIVEHowever, high-Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Wooden Bathroom Shelves Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - INNOVATIVE-term follow-Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Garage Shelving Systems Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE.
Acknowledgments
The first three authors (FL, YS, SZ) contributed equally to this article.
References
Articles fromInternational Surgeryare provided here courtesy ofInternational College of Surgeons
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