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Int Surg. 2015 Jan; 100(1): 185–189.
PMCID:PMC4301287
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Abstract

China Supply Custom Good Protein Powder Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc. There are a variety of management modalities for varicose veins. The outcomes of the treatment of varicose veins are different. The papers on Supply OEM Custom Conference Room Carpet Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..Supply OEM Custom Food Grade Use Of Ammonium Bicarbonate Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc.China Supply Custom Robotic Spray Painting Line Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Grass Carpet For Garden Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..

Varicose veins are dilated branches of the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein; the incidence of varicose veins varies from 10% to 30%.China Supply Custom Cell Phone Case And Accessories Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shenzhen Hxs TechnologyRisk factors of varicose veins include family history, age, and pregnancy; a possible risk factor is standing for a long period of time.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Green Grass Carpet Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co.–Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Calcium Propionate Vegan Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge RocHigh ligation and stripping is the traditional approach for varicose veins, yet a variety of alternative options have been used in recent decades,Supply OEM Custom Shaft Pressing Machine Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Ningbo Nide Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd.(EVLA),Supply OEM Custom Kid Drawing Board Factory & Supplier Price - Unionrise I&E(RFA), foam sclerotherapy (FS),China Supply Custom Artificial Light Maple Tree Factory & Supplier Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..China Supply Custom Crates Used For Logistics Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.–5m Tape Measure

Manifestation and Severity of Varicose Veins

Patients with varicose veins present from asymptomatic to significant symptoms, including discomfort, aching, pain, itching or eczema, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Supply OEM Custom Face Paint Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Unionrise I&EThe diagnosis of varicose veins is based on clinical manifestation and ultrasound.Wholesale CE High Quality Artificial Leaf Craft Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.. The CEAP (clinical, etiology, anatomy, pathophysiology) classification is used to describe the degree of varicose veins. The “C” part of CEAP classification is more useful and practical in rating the severity of varicose veins (Supply OEM Custom Gold Plated Tungsten Wire Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering).Supply OEM Custom Plaster For Rheumatism Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - XingzhichenChina Supply Custom Snowing Artificial Christmas Trees Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..Wholesale CE High Quality Bulk Supply High Quality Soy Protein Isolate Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Industrial Crate Collapsible Crates Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.Supply OEM Custom Unique Bookshelves Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - INNOVATIVE; it can provide a road map of vein anatomy similar to contrast venography, as well as essential hemodynamic information about the presence of proximal obstruction, vein valve function,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Plaster For Rheumatism Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen.

Indication and Contraindication of Treatment for Varicose Veins

The purpose of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent the progression of varicose veins.China Supply Custom Cheap Small Plastic Containers Factory & Supplier Price - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Wholesale CE High Quality Barbed Wire Length Per Roll Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Bluekin Industries LimitedSymptomatic patients with C2 to C6 diseases are indicated for management,Wholesale CE High Quality Pvc Insulated And Sheathed Wires Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering, superficial thrombophlebitis, and bleeding.

Asymptomatic patients can be observed and do not need treatment or prophylactic intervention.Wholesale CE High Quality Tattoo Barbed Wire Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries LimitedHowever, cosmesis is a common reason for treatment of asymptomatic patients, especially for young female patients. It is controversial to perform surgery on patients who have recovered from the superficial phlebitis,Supply OEM Custom Garden Hose Factory & Supplier Price - Mingoubecause the dilated varicose veins usually disappeared without further surgical treatment. It is not indicated to perform thrombectomy for superficial thrombosis in great saphenous veins.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Spray Machine For Paint Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering, and early surgery in uncomplicated veins will not prevent the development of future varicosities.

Supply OEM Custom Sheep Wire Mesh Fence Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited, such as acute DVT,Wholesale CE High Quality Ammonium Bicarbonate Used For Biscuits Products Cheap Price - Huge Rocpregnancy, the superficial veins as collaterals for occluded deep veins, and arterial insufficiency; however,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM White Nuisance Face Mask Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen,Supply OEM Custom Construction Wire Mesh Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries Limited,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Calcium Propionate Manufacturing Process Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc—further imaging to assess the patency of the deep veins is critical before surgery. Emergent management is usually reserved for bleeding varicosities or suspected DVT.

Modalities for Management of Varicose Veins

Conventional surgical stripping

All management modalities for varicose veins are safe and effective at short-term and midterm follow-up.Supply OEM Custom Animal Veterinary Medicine Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing MedicinesThe methods to manage great saphenous veins traditionally include ligation and division of the saphenofemoral junction and its tributaries in the groin, stripping the great saphenous veins from groin to knee level. The incompetent small saphenous veins are ligated and divided, rather than stripped, close to the popliteal vein in the knee pit, because stripping small saphenous veins may potentially damage the sural nerve. Ltd.It is not rare for recurrence, hematoma, and skin infection to occur after surgical procedure (Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Plaster For Arthritis Pain Relief Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichen). And massive bleeding due to injury to femoral veins,Supply OEM Custom ECO-Friendly Factory & Supplier Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd., and mortality from pulmonary embolism and DVT can happen, even though these are rarely reported.

Table 2

Complications after different modalities for varicose veins

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Wholesale CE High Quality Artificial Sports Turf Factory & Supplier Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.; these belong to the category of minimally invasive catheter-based procedures.Wholesale CE High Quality Fiber Supplements Factory & Supplier Price - Huge RocIn this procedure, a catheter is inserted and positioned at 2 cm below the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction.Supply OEM Custom Artificial Palm Tree Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.. Alternatively,Supply OEM Custom Artificial Real Touch Leaves Products Cheap Price - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd..Supply OEM Custom Where Can I Get Baking Soda Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Organic Rice Protein Powder Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc

China Supply Custom Spray Coating Equipment Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering, no need for hospital admission, no surgical incision, and early resumption of daily activity or work are advantages of this procedure. However, like other surgeries, EVLA still can cause operative or postoperative complications, such as hematoma, infection, skin burn, bruising, and catheter stabbing by laser fiber, or the broken catheter can be left in the body.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM White Nuisance Face Mask Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Facial Patch Mask Products Cheap Price - Xingzhichen,China Supply Custom Filter Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - MingouSupply OEM Custom Anticoughtin Factory & Supplier Price - KeMing Medicines, recurrence rates,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Make Up Female Mannequin Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..China Supply Custom Organic Whey Protein Powder Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Powder Coating Spray Booth Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering

Clinical experience shows that the pain after laser ablation contributes to the skin contusion caused between skin and uneven bandages used after the procedure, blisters induced by skin burn,Wholesale CE High Quality Cheap Barbed Wire Factory & Supplier Price - Bluekin Industries LimitedSupply OEM Custom Organic Pea Protein Powder Bulk Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Huge Roc;Wholesale CE High Quality Textile Cleaning Gun Products Cheap Price - Mingou. Using proper compression stocking rather than bandage may reduce the risk of skin contusion. In addition, early ambulation is always critical to preventing DVT.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Thhn Thwn Electrical Wire 16 Awg Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - FOD Electrical Engineering,Best Lunch Box

Radiofrequency ablation

Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Snowing Artificial Christmas Trees Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.; it delivers thermal energy from a bipolar catheter to the insufficient veins. RFA is an effective and safe treatment modality for incompetent veins, and it can be performed in-office as a minimally invasive procedure. The advantages of RFA include low complication rate, reduced pain, high vein occlusion rates,China Supply Custom Wire Fencing Materials Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited.

Currently available clinical trial evidence suggests RFA and EVLA are at least as effective as surgery in the treatment of great saphenous varicose veins.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Oral Injectable Grade Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - KeMing Medicines,Wholesale CE High Quality Timber Cube Shelves Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE, Ltd.

Foam sclerotherapy

China Supply Custom Automated Conveyor System Products Cheap Price - FOD Electrical Engineering; it can be undertaken in the outpatient clinic,China Supply Custom Fiberglass Aqua Slide For Pool Products Cheap Price - Shanghai Mutong Toys.Supply OEM Custom Pea Protein Isolate Powder Factory & Supplier Price - Huge RocObservational studies found that success rates vary from 82% to 100%,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Trenchless Machinery Products Cheap Price - FengheWholesale CE High Quality Top Quality Artificial Turf Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Green Link New Materials Co., Ltd.. It takes approximately 1 hour to perform FS, patients do not need to take medicine or stay in the hospital, and patients can go home or continue to work immediately after the procedure. The efficacy of FS is obvious in comparison with conventional surgical stripping (Wholesale CE High Quality Calcium Propionate Uses Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc). Complications after FS are rare, including bruising, thrombophlebitis, skin pigmentation, and visual disturbance.Supply OEM Custom Nail Lamp Sun T9 Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY

An external file that holds a picture, illustration, etc. Object name is i0020-8868-100-1-185-f01.jpg

Comparison of postoperative outcomes after conventional surgical stripping (A) with FS (B and C). Multiple surgical scars seen after surgical stripping (A); no visible varicose veins seen 4 days after FS (C) versus obvious varicose veins prior to FS.

Ambulatory phlebectomy

Ambulatory phlebectomy is an outpatient procedure that removes superficial veins through small 2- to 3-mm incisions in the skin overlying the varicose veins and is performed under local anesthesia. The accepted indications for this technique are side branch varicose veins, and varicose veins of the foot, around the ankle, and the knee pit. The most important instrument for this technique is the vein retractor or phlebectomy hook. There are two ways by which the veins can be grasped. The phlebectomy hook is inserted through an incision and the varicose vein is hooked, extracted, and subsequently fixed with a clamp; the vein is finally pulled out by turning the exteriorized part of the vein. Graded compression stockings or compression bandages are usually used for 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure. This procedure is often used as an adjunct to EVLA or RFA, either concomitantly or in the sequential management of tributaries for symptomatic varicose veins. The complications are uncommon but include paresthesia, bruising, hemorrhage, and hematoma. EVLA with with both treatments achieves excellent results at 5 years. Concomitant treatment of varicosities is associated with optimal improvement in both clinical disease severity and quality of life.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Ul10064 Ptfe Wire Factory & Supplier Price - FOD Electrical Engineering,China Supply Custom Electronic Hair Straightener Comb Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY

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Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Nail Product Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Bluekin Industries Limited. The most common cause is the valve insufficiency of the deep veins due to DVT; in rare conditions it can be due to congenital valve or vessel abnormalities.Supply OEM Custom Disposable Face Mask Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Xingzhichen,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM 1x1 Galvanized Welded Wire Mesh Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Brown Rice Protein Powder Products Cheap Price - Huge RocSupply OEM Custom Bicarb Soda Uses Factory & Supplier Price - Huge Roc.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Electronic Hair Straightener Brush Factory & Supplier Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY.Wholesale CE High Quality Cell Phone Accessories Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Shenzhen Hxs Technology.Supply OEM Custom Warehouse Racking Installation Factory & Supplier Price - INNOVATIVE.Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Cutting Edge Factory & Supplier Price - Fenghe. External valvuloplasty, such as external vein valve wrapping,China Supply Custom 818 36w 4x9w Bulbs Nail Dryer Uv Lamp Products Cheap Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY.China Supply Custom Wound Dressing With Silver Factory & Supplier Price - XingzhichenIt aims to increase the coating surface and restore valve competency by external supportWholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Ulcer Wound Dressing Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichenand has not gained large popularity due to its efficacy. However,Supply OEM Custom Nail Led Lamp Factory & Supplier Price - LONGBON INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRY.Wholesale CE High Quality Pvc Hose Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Mingou

Overall, all management modalities appear to be safe and effective in the short term and midterm,Hand-Held Ultrasonic Spot Welder Factory OEM/ODM ProductsWholesale CE High Quality Storage Plastic Crate Black Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd..Supply OEM Custom Acne Mask Factory & Supplier Price - Xingzhichen;Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Plastic Storage Box Folding Crate Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.,Ltd.. FS was associated with the highest failure rate.China Supply Custom Buy Rice Protein Products Cheap Price - Huge Roc,Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Crate For Turnover Container Suppliers & Manufacturers Quotes - Zhongyi Plastic Technology Co.However, high-Wholesale CE High Quality Now Sports Pea Protein Factories & Manufacturers Pricelist - Huge Roc-term follow-Wholesale Cheap OEM/ODM Coil Nails For Pallets Price Products Cheap Price - Bluekin Industries Limited.

Acknowledgments

The first three authors (FL, YS, SZ) contributed equally to this article.

References

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