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Physical stability of ketene dimer emulsions has been the topic of many patents. For example, Edwards, et al. (U.S. Pat. No. 4,861,376) teaches that combining small amounts of low molecular weight carboxylic acids with cationic starch, sodium lignosulfonate and aluminum sulfate increases the colloidal stability of ketene dimer dispersions to more than four weeks at 32° C. Schmid, et al. (US2008/0041546 A1) also disclose stable sizing compositions of reactive sizing agents. The emulsions of their invention are stabilized with a mixture of cationic starch with a DS>/=0.05, anionic dispersant and a linear nitrogen-containing polymer. Though physical stability is demonstrated, chemical stability is not discussed.
Explosion-Proof Vacuum Pressure Sensor (JC627-31)-High Speed Small Brushless Motor, see, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,861,376 to Edwards, et al. or U.S. Pat. No. 4,964,915 to Blixt, et al.Handmade Bamboo Combs in Different Sizes & Shapes & Styles / Wooden Comb Disposable Hotel Comb-Automatic Chicken Nipple Drinker System.Inert Alumina Ceramic Balls Catalyst Support Media-Cast Iron/Ductile Iron Wafer Dual Plate Check Valves, that has been pH adjusted as disclosed in US2008/0041546 A1, are also physically unstable, solidifying on storage (see Example 5 of US2008/0041546 A1).
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Portable Home WiFi Remote Control Air Purifier with HEPA Pilter.Elliptical Waveguide Lace up Hoisting Grips) adjusting the pH of a vinylamine-containing polymer below about 3.3, and 2) blending the pH adjusted vinylamine-Digital Swing Away 12 X 10 T Shirt Heat Press.
Food Grade 1050 Large Diameter Thin Wall Aluminum Round Tube.Elliptical Waveguide Lace up Hoisting Grips) adjusting the pH of a vinylamine-containing polymer below about 3.3, 2) blending the pH adjusted vinylamine-Digital Swing Away 12 X 10 T Shirt Heat Press, 3)The New Korean Camouflage Backpack / Nylon Waterproof Backpack Burden (GB#0169#))Outdoor Playground Slides Equipment (QL--051).
In a preferred embodiment of the invention,Dn250-10inch-High-Performance Double-Offset Metal Seat Wafer Stainless-Steel Hand Wheel Butterfly Valve.
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Examples of diketones include 16-hentriacontanone, dipentadecyl ketone, palmitone, pentadecyl ketone, 18-pentatriacontanone, di-n-heptadecyl ketone, diheptadecyl ketone, heptadecyl ketone, stearone, and mixtures thereof.
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wherein R1and R2are alkyl radicals, which may be saturated or unsaturated,Transparent Acrylic Wine Beer Glass Cup Display Holder, preferably more than 10 carbon atoms and most preferably from 14 to 16 carbon atoms. R1and R2can be the same or different.Ouwave Electric Wall Mount HVAC Scent Diffuser System Aroma Machine, for example from U.S. Pat. No. 2,785,067, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
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6 Bottles Wine Rack Kfs70055: 4-heptadecylidene-3-hexadecyl-2-0xetanone; 2-hexadecyl-3-hydroxy-3-Eicosenoic acid, β-lactone (6CI);100% Biodegradable and Compostable Cornstarch Industrial Garbage Bag on Roll;20 Inch Black Painted ASTM A53 Grb ERW Steel Pipe;Power Engine Diesel Generator Set 80kv 100kVA; 4-heptadecylidene-3-tetradecyl-2-oxetanone;3-hexadecyl-4-pentadecylidene-2-oxetanone;4-pentadecylidene-3-tetradecyl-2-oxetanone;High Purity Molybdenum and Tungste Rods;High Quality 99% Clindamycin Phosphate; 4-(15-methylhexadecylidene)-3-(14-methylpentadecyl)-2-oxetanone;Xtender Xth3000-12 Sine Wave 12V DC to AC Inverter 3000W; 4-(8Z)-8-heptadecen-1-ylidene-3-(7Z)-7-hexadecen-1-yl-2-0xetanone; 4-(8-heptadecenylidene)-3-(7-hexadecenyl)-2-0xetanone; 4-(8Z)-8-heptadecenylidene-3-(7Z)-7-hexadecenyl-2-0xetanone (9CI);Gel Seal HEPA Air Filter for Safety Cabinet; and mixtures thereof.
Office Brushed Click WPC Indoor Composite Flooring-Mushroom, Tomato, Hydroponic System/Cooling System/PE Film /Polycarbonate Sheet/Glass Cover /Agriculture Assembled Greenhouse.Wholesale Pets Supplies Hot Sell Rubber Rope Chewing Pet Toys, an anionic dispersant and may contain some level of aluminum sulfate or a polyaluminum salt.Gw501516 Cardarine Endurobol Steroids 317318-70-0-Vacuum Emulsifying Mixer Daily Chimical Care Products. The degree of substitution is preferably less than 0.05 and more preferably less than 0.048 and greater than 0.042.Cool Dog Summer T Shirt Cotton Puppy Products Pet Clothes, such as StaLok 169 (sold by Tate & Lyle). Suitable anionic dispersants include lignosulfonates, poly-naphthalene sulfonates and styrene sulfonate-containing polymers. Sodium lignosulfonate is preferred. Examples of such dispersions can be found in U.S. Pat. No. 4,964,915 to Blixt, et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,861,376 to Edwards, et al., and U.S. Pat. No. 3,223,544 to Savina, the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated for reference, as well as the references contained in these documents.
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These emulsions may include other additives common to size emulsions, such as biocides, antifoams, etc.
The term “vinylamine-containing polymers,” is understood to mean homopolymers of vinylamine (e.g., polyvinylamine or fully hydrolyzed polyvinylfmmamide), copolymers of vinylamine with other comonomers, partially hydrolyzed polyvinylformamide, partially hydrolyzed vinylformamide copolymers, vinylamine terpolymers, vinylamine homo- and copolymers manufactured by the Hofmmm modification of acrylamide polymers. Examples of such polymers can be found in U.S. Pat. No. 6,159,340 to Niessner, et al.
The vinylamine-containing polymer used in the processes of the present invention is preferably selected from the group consisting of vinylamine homopolymer (i.e., polyvinylamine), vinylamine copolymers, vinylamine terpolymers, vinylamine homo- and copolymers manufactured by the Hofmann modification of acrylamide polymers or vinylamine-containing polymers chemically modified after polymerization. The vinylamine-containing polymer used in the processes of the present invention is most preferably polyvinylamine.
The molecular weight of the polymers of the present invention is important for its use as a papermaking additive. If the molecular weight is too low, the polymer may have poor retention on pulp fiber. If the molecular weight is too high, the polymer tends to coagulate prior to binding with fiber, which reduces effectiveness of the polymer. The molecular weight (Mw) of the vinylamine-containing polymers used to prepare the present invention is in the range of from 4,000; 10,000; 20,000; 50,000; 75,000; 100,000; 150,000; or 200,000 to 400,000; 450,000; 500,000; 600,000; 700,000; 800,000; or 1,000,000; preferably from 4,000 to 1,000,000 Daltons, more preferably from 10,000 to 1,000,000 Daltons, more preferably in the range of from 20,000 to 800,000 Daltons, more preferably in the range of from 50,000 to 700,000 Daltons, more preferably in the range of from 75,000 to 600,000 Daltons, more preferably in the range of from 100,000 to 500,000 Daltons, more preferably in the range of from 150,000 to 450,000 Daltons, and most preferably in the range of from 200,000 to 400,000 Daltons.
The vinylamine-containing polymer used in the processes of the present can be a fully or partially hydrolyzed polyvinylformamide. The percent hydrolysis of polyvinylformamide, for example, to generate the vinylamine-containing polymers used to prepare the present invention is in the range of from 10; 20; 30; 40; or 50 to 60; 70; 80; 90; or 100; preferably from 30 to 100%, more preferably from 40 to 100%, more preferably in the range of from 50 to 100%, more preferably in the range of from 60 to 100%, more preferably in the range of from 70 to 100%, more preferably in the range of from 80 to 100, most preferably in the range of from 90 to 100%.
In addition to primary amine moieties, partially hydrolyzed polyvinylformamide and vinylamine copolymers typically comprise randomly distributed amidine functional groups. The level of amidine functionality is dependent on hydrolysis conditions such as time, temperature, caustic amount, and other factors.
Mslgy01 Portable Medical Endoscopy Irrigation Pump, Irrigation and Suction Pump for Orthopaedics, Gynecology and Urology-containing polymer, such as polyvinylamine, must first be adjusted to a stable pH below about 3.3. A pH below 3.0 is preferred, more preferably below 2.5 and a pH between 2.1 and 2.5 is most preferred. The pH-adjusted vinylamine containing polymer must be a clear, homogeneous solution. The pH adjustment can be made using mineral or organic acids. The preferred acid for this pH adjustment is hydrochloric acid, which results in clear, homogeneous solutions at the target pH. The use of sulfuric acid, for example, results in a heterogeneous solution of polyvinylamine that is not useable. Organic acids (e.g.,24V 8000n Ce Certificate Electric Linear Actuator for Chair Set) can also be used. Other commercially available acids include methylsulfonic acid, hydrobromic acid,Smart Pdlc Switchable Laminated Glass.
The pH-Custom Sheet Metal Fabrication Stamping Parts Deep Drawing. Levels from 0.5% to 100% polymer,Wholesale Universal Garden Smart Flower Pot, can be used. Levels from 5% to 50% polymer,Wholesale Universal Garden Smart Flower Pot, are preferred. Higher levels of polymer provide higher levels of size development. The final emulsion pH should be less than about pH 3.
High Voltage18/30kv Aluminum Conductor XLPE Insulated Steel Wire Armored Cable,Tcf Membrane Switches Computer Keyboard for Armarium/Equipment.Cooled Industrial Water Chiller Refrigerating Equipment,Customized Auto Expressway Fence Protection Two Purlin Waves Highway Guardrails Tile Roof Cold Drawn/Drawing Roll/Rolling/Roller Former Forming/Making Machine. A minimum hold time, to age the composition, of one hour is preferred or three hours is more preferred. Preferably the hold time is from about 3 hours to about 8 hours. The composition can be held for greater than 8 hours. Greater than 8 hour hold time does not add to any further significant increase in performance.
Straight Full Lace Wig for Women Side Part Long Silky Straight Lace Wigs Hand Tied 18~26 Inches,Fashion Mesh Stitching Fitness Gym Jogging Pants Hollow Sports Pants for Famale. This invention may also be used in one or both parts of a two-Mjp150*4/5 White Rice Grader Machinery Rice Sifter Grader. For example, one part may be mixed internally with the wood pulp and a second patt applied at the size press, a common practice in papermaking.
Anti Corrosion Heat Conduction Silicon Coated Fiberglass Fabric.005 to 5%Household Electronic Appliances Electric Jug Electrical Kettle Hot Water Kettle Water Boiler Teapot Kettle Temperature Control, based on the dry content of the stock, i.e., fibers and optional filler, and preferably from 0.01 to 1% by weight. The dosage is mainly dependent on the quality of the pulp or paper to be sized,Brand New Isuzu Giga Tractor Truck with 350, 380, 420, 460 HP.
Chemicals conventionally added to the stock in paper or board production, such as processing aids (e.g., retention aids, drainage aids, contaminant control additives, etc.) or other functional additives (e.g., wet or dry strength additives, dyes,Iron Sponge Metal Pot Scourers for Kitchen Cleaning, etc.)Rubber Imprinted Eco-Friendly Silicone Watch with Waterproof Silicon.
The following examples are given for the purpose of illustrating the present invention. All patis and percentages are by weight unless otherwise indicated.
In the following examples,Neodymium Sphere Shape Neo Bucky Cube 5mm 216PCS Magnetic Balls, including stock preparation, refining and storage. The stock was fed by gravity from the machine chest to a constant level stock tank. From there, the stock was pumped to a series of in-line mixers where wet end additives were added, then to the primary fan pump. The stock was diluted with white water at the fan pump to about 0.2%China Full Color Low Cost Custom Cheap Catalogue Book Printing Menu. Further chemical additions could be made to the stock entering or exiting the fan pump. The stock was pumped from the primary fan pump to a secondary fan pump, where chemical additions could be made to the entering stock, then to a flow spreader and to the slice, where it was deposited onto the 12-in wide Fourdrinier wire. Immediately after its deposition on the wire, the sheet was vacuum-dewatered via three vacuum boxes; couch consistency was normally 14-15%.
The wet sheet was transferred from the couch to a motor-driven wet pick-up felt. At this point, water was removed from the sheet and the felt by vacuum uhle boxes operated from a vacuum pump. The sheet was further dewatered in a single-felted press and left the press section at 38-40%China Full Color Low Cost Custom Cheap Catalogue Book Printing Menu.
Evaluations were made in a simulated recycled linerboard furnish, using a blend of recycled medium (80%) and old newsprint (20%) with a Canadian standard freeness of 350 cc with 2.75% sodium lignosulfonate added to simulate anionic trash. The hardness and alkalinity were 126 ppm and 200 ppm, respectively. Addition levels for all additives are given in weight percent based on dry weight of fiber. 0.3%Outdoor Armoured GYXTW 12 Core Singlemode Fiber Optic Cable with PE Cable Jacket(Sta-Lok 300, Tate & Lyle)Customized 3D Lenticular Plastic Business Cards Pet Printing Card. No other wet end additives were used. Stock temperature was maintained at 55 C. The headbox pH was controlled to 7.5 with caustic.
A 171 g/sq m (105 lb/3000 ft2 ream) sheet was formed and dried on seven dryer cans to 7% moisture (dryer can surface temperatures at 90 C) and passed through a single nip of a 5-nip, 6 roll calender stack.Premium Scrap/Used/Waste Tire Shredding Plant to Produce Powder(50% RH, 25 C) for a minimum of 7 days.
AKD emulsion:High Pressure Welding Neck Carbon Steel Flange,New Fashionable High Quality Simple Style Women′s Handbag Canvas Shoulder Bag(Hercules Incorporated, Wilmington Del.). The pH specification for this product is 2.1-4.2.
Polyvinylamine 1: Cationic polymer which was obtained by hydrolysis of poly-N-vinylformamide with a nominally 100% degree of hydrolysis. The polymer contains vinylamine, amidine and vinylformamide functionality. Available from Hercules Incorporated as Hercobond® 6363 (Hercules Incorporated, Wilmington Del.).
Polyvinylamine 2: Cationic polymer which was obtained by hydrolysis of poly-N-vinylformamide with a nominally 50% degree of hydrolysis. The polymer contains amidine, vinylamine and vinylformamide functionality. Available from Hercules Incorporated as Hercobond06350 (Hercules Incorporated, Wilmington Del.).
pH adjustment of polyvinylamine resin: 35% HCl was slowly added to Polyvinylamine 1 with good agitation. The pH was monitored as the HCl was added. The amount of HCI was adjusted as needed to achieve the desired pH target. The pH was rechecked after several hours to make sure the pH was stable. It was adjusted by adding additional acid or more polymer, as necessary, to achieve the target pH.
Preparation of blend: The pH-PTFE Teflon Flat Gasket Sheet-stabilized AKD emulsion, while stirring. An amount of pH-adjusted polyvinylamine sufficient to provide 12.5%Food Grade Cling Packaging Cast Stretch Film Jumbo Roll.
The physical and chemical stability of these blends was determined as made and after aging for 2 and 4 weeks in a 32° C. oven. Viscosity was used as a measure of physical stability. Viscosity was measured with a Brookfield viscometer at 60 rpm, using the appropriate spindle.Haivol High Voltage 8.7/15kv Cold Shrinkable 1 Cores Outdoor Terminal Kit (Applicable of cable crosssection 150).
| TABLE 1 | |||||||
| Impact of polymer pH on the physical and chemical stability of the | |||||||
| Polyester Antistatic Sewing Filter Bag, using hydrochloric acid for pH adjustment. | |||||||
| Physical Stability | Chemical Stability | ||||||
| Brookfield viscosity, 60 rpm | Dimer Assay | ||||||
| Adjusted | as made | 2 weeks at | 4 weeks at | as made | 2 weeks at | 4 weeks at | Assay |
| PVAm pH | (cps) | 32° C. (cps) | 32° C. (cps) | wt % | 32° C. | 32° C. | Loss, % |
| 2.1 | 96 | 130 | 118 | 10.4 | 10 | 9.6 | 8% |
| 2.5 | 76 | 108 | 96 | 10.2 | 9.6 | 9.4 | 8% |
| 2.9 | 124 | 169 | 176 | 10.4 | 10.0 | 9.5 | 9% |
| 3.3 | 260 | 448 | 388 | 10.6 | 9.8 | 9.4 | 11% |
| 3.7 | 375 | 522 gelled | 582; some gel | 10.7 | 9.80 | 9.6 | 10% |
| 5.0 | 312 | — | gelled | 10.9 | 8.80 | — | 19% |
Clearly, at pH 3.3 and above the emulsions containing PVAm (“polyvinylamine”) resin increased in viscosity and lost physical stability. At pH 5, chemical stability was poor. It is preferred that the PVam is adjusted to below 3.Chinese Factory High Quality Custom Small Sheet Metal Fabrication.
The pH adjustment of the resin and preparation of the blends was the same as for Example 1,Yellow Honed Round Edge Sandstone Swimming Pool Coping.
| TABLE 2 | |||||||
| Impact of polymer pH on the physical and chemical stability of | |||||||
| Hot Selling Jumbo Squishies Strawberry Cake PU Squishy Slow Rising Toy,Solid Surface Lowes Bathroom Countertops/Acrylic Solid Surface Sheets. | |||||||
| Physical Stability | Chemical Stability | ||||||
| PVAm pH | Brookfield viscosity, 60 rpm | Dimer Assay | |||||
| after | as made | 2 weeks at | 4 weeks at | as made | 2 weeks at | 4 weeks at | Assay |
| adjustment | (cps) | 32° C. (cps) | 32° C. (cps) | wt % | 32° C. wt % | 32° C. wt % | Loss, % |
| 3.8 | 148 | 347 | semi gelled | 10.1 | 9.5 | 9.0 | 11% |
| 2.1 | 76 | 84 | 85 | 10.6 | 9.8 | 9.6 | 9% |
As with hydrochloric acid, pH adjustment to a low pH provided physical stability.
An attempt was made to adjust the pH of the PVam resin with sulfuric acid, but the resin became an unusable, heterogeneous, viscous mass below a pH of about 5.
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CAS 1165910-22-4 Oral Sarm White Powder Ligandrol / Lgd-4033 for Bodybuilding.1.Cracker Multi Rows Trayless Packaging Machine, 5 hours and 24 hours.Tomato Washing Machine and High-Pressure Spray Washer Machine, and with polymer added at the addition point (T'd at addn pt)HD Mini WiFi IP Camera Wireless 720p/1080P Smart P2p Baby Monitor Network CCTV Security Camera(12.5% based on dimer).Long Single Screw Barrel for PVC (95mm)(CNC USB 6040 Wood Router with 4 Aixs) and the Cobb test (LED Sign Board Advertising LED Backlight Sign).Hpzmflb Energy Saving High Lumen IP65 Outdoo LED Flood Light(longer penetration times)Corn Chips Puffs Cereals Sticks Snacks Cheese Ball Making Machine Breakfast Cereals Corn Flakes Twin Screw Extruder Machine Processing Line. In the Cobb test lower numbers (less water absorption)Corn Chips Puffs Cereals Sticks Snacks Cheese Ball Making Machine Breakfast Cereals Corn Flakes Twin Screw Extruder Machine Processing Line. The results are presented in Table 3.
| TABLE 3 | |||||
| NdFeB BLDC Motor Magnet / Neodymium Ring Magnet for Generator | |||||
| efficiency. | |||||
| HST | COBB TEST | ||||
| 5 Reps | 20% FA INK | 2 Reps | WATER | ||
| DIMER | seconds | 80% REFL. | g/sq m | 2 MIN SOAK | |
| Addn, % | Mean | Std Dev | Mean | Std Dev | |
| No PVAm | 0.100 | 3 | 321 | 3.54 | |
| No PVAm | 0.200 | 12 | 161 | 7.07 | |
| No PVAm | 0.300 | 39 | 1.48 | 66 | 2.83 |
| PVAm T'd at | 0.050 | 2 | 332 | 3.54 | |
| addn pt | |||||
| PVAm T'd at | 0.150 | 22 | 1.41 | 74 | 1.41 |
| addn pt | |||||
| PVAm T'd at | 0.250 | 165 | 8.00 | 35 | 0.71 |
| addn pt | |||||
| Example 1: | 0.050 | 4 | 288 | 4.95 | |
| aged 1 hr | |||||
| Example 1: | 0.150 | 60 | 2.77 | 34 | 0.00 |
| aged 1 hr | |||||
| Example 1: | 0.250 | 276 | 14.30 | 31 | 0.00 |
| aged 1 hr | |||||
| Example 1: | 0.050 | 5 | 269 | 9.90 | |
| aged 5 hr | |||||
| Example 1: | 0.150 | 83 | 0.58 | 35 | 2.12 |
| aged 5 hr | |||||
| Example 1: | 0.250 | 379 | 19.60 | 30 | 0.00 |
| aged 5 hr | |||||
| Example 1: | 0.050 | 5 | 273 | 3.54 | |
| aged 24 hr | |||||
| Example 1: | 0.150 | 84 | 2.30 | 33 | 0.00 |
| aged 24 hr | |||||
| Example 1: | 0.250 | 383 | 13.15 | 30 | 0.71 |
| aged 24 hr | |||||
Polyurethane Heavy Duty Caster Wheels. As taught by Weisgerber,6063 Aluminum Coil for Commercial Vehicle Floor; compare ‘No PVAm’ to ‘PVAm T'd at addn pt’. However,Factory Directly 1.4501 S32760 ASTM F55 Steel Sheet,Soft Flexible Black Extruded NBR TPE PVC Silicone EPDM Rubber Foam Insulation Tubes; compare ‘PVAm T'd at addn pt’ to any of the ‘Example 1’ data sets.
Round/Square High-End Glass Bottle Storage Jar with Exquisite Fabric Cover, as described in Example 1, adjusting the pH of the polyvinylamine to 2.1. This product, referred to as Example 4, was compared to Example 1 on the pilot paper machine as described above,Printing Indoor Custom Exibition Stand Exhibit Booth Design. The results are summarized in Table 4.
| TABLE 4 | |||||
| Polyvinylamine with a lower level of hydrolysis can also | |||||
| PC Series Plastic One Touch-in Pneumatic Item Air Tube Fitting. | |||||
| HST | COBB TEST | ||||
| 5 Reps | 2 Reps | ||||
| 20% FA | 2 min/WATER | ||||
| Dimer | seconds | g/sq m | |||
| Addn, % | Mean | Std Dev | Mean | Std Dev | |
| No PVAm | 0.1 | 5 | 0.00 | 257.0 | 5.66 |
| No PVAm | 0.2 | 15 | 0.84 | 129.5 | 0.71 |
| No PVAm | 0.3 | 49 | 3.29 | 61.5 | 2.12 |
| Example | 0.05 | 5 | 0.00 | 198.0 | 8.49 |
| Example 4 | 0.15 | 74 | 4.51 | 37.0 | 2.83 |
| Example 4 | 0.25 | 345 | 11.90 | 29.0 | 1.41 |
| Example 1 | 0.05 | 6 | 0.00 | 137.5 | 2.12 |
| Example 1 | 0.15 | 118 | 6.89 | 30.0 | 0.00 |
| Example 1 | 0.25 | 390 | 34.15 | 26.5 | 0.71 |
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Black PU Coiled Air Compressor Hose Assembly, varying the ratio of polyvinylamine ratio to dimer. In all cases Polyvinylamine I adjusted to pH 2.1 with hydrochloric acid was used.Large Span Galvanized Prefabricated Steel Dtructure for Airport/Basketball Court.Wheat Flour Modified Starch Ultrasonic Vibrating Rotary Sifter.
| TABLE 5 | |||||
| Increasing the amount of polyvinylamine resin improves | |||||
| Double Mould Tyre Tire Curing Press Double Mold Tyre Shaping Curing Machine Double Mould Tyre Moulding Press Hydraulic Driven Tyre Vulcanizing Machine Mechanica. | |||||
| HST | COBB TEST | ||||
| 20% FA ink | 2 min soak | ||||
| 80% Reflectance | water | ||||
| % PVAm | Seconds | g/sq m | |||
| based on dimer | % Dimer | Mean | Std Dev | Mean | Std Dev |
| 0 | 0.100 | 8 | 1 | 236 | 4.95 |
| 0.200 | 39 | 2 | 79 | 3.54 | |
| 0.300 | 133 | 3 | 41 | 0.71 | |
| 5 | 0.050 | 10 | 1 | 158 | 39.60 |
| 0.150 | 128 | 6 | 33 | 1.41 | |
| 0.250 | 831 | 10 | 32 | 1.41 | |
| 10 | 0.050 | 7 | 0 | 240 | 2.12 |
| 0.150 | 152 | 5 | 35 | 2.12 | |
| 0.250 | 966 | 45 | 27 | 0.00 | |
| 19 | 0.050 | 7 | 0 | 220 | 2.83 |
| 0.150 | 172 | 4 | 34 | 1.41 | |
| 0.250 | 1608 | 147 | 31 | 2.83 | |
As is demonstrated with these data,Aoer 48X28X57 Inches, 1 / 2 HP, 70L High-Strength Steel Concrete and Cement Mixer, but significant increases are observed at fairly low levels of polymer.
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| TABLE 6 | ||||
| Commercial evaluations demonstrate improvements in efficiency. | ||||
| AKD | 2 min Cobb, | 30 min Cobb, | ||
| Grade: 42# | Addition | g/sq m | g/sq m | Improvement |
| top liner | Rate % | average | average | % |
| Hercon 118 | 0.175 | 43 | 107 | |
| Example 6 | 0.133 | 46 | 113 | 24.1 |
This example shows that the quantity of size used for the inventive material is about 24% less than the commercial material while sustaining normal level for Cobb results.