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Weisgerber (U.S. Pat. No. 2,961,366)Fabric Covered Electrical Cable,Full Automatic Table Type Flat; Labeling; Machine; Label Applicator Sticker Labeling; Packing Bottling Filling Capping; Machine. In his teachings,Zinc Plated Bent Construction Brackets (3X3),Digital Flatbed UV Printer A1 Multifunctional Glass Cup Bottle Card Phone Case Cover Metal Printing Machine Price.
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Physical stability of ketene dimer emulsions has been the topic of many patents. For example, Edwards, et al. (U.S. Pat. No. 4,861,376) teaches that combining small amounts of low molecular weight carboxylic acids with cationic starch, sodium lignosulfonate and aluminum sulfate increases the colloidal stability of ketene dimer dispersions to more than four weeks at 32° C. Schmid, et al. (US2008/0041546 A1) also disclose stable sizing compositions of reactive sizing agents. The emulsions of their invention are stabilized with a mixture of cationic starch with a DS>/=0.05, anionic dispersant and a linear nitrogen-containing polymer. Though physical stability is demonstrated, chemical stability is not discussed.
Fashion Ladies Winter Heeled Knee-High Boots-Original Japan Mitsubishi Carbide Inserts for CNC Jomt080320zzsr-Jm Vp15TF Hand Tool Machine Tool End Tool Drill Milling Cutter Tungsten Carbide Cutter Carbide, see, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,861,376 to Edwards, et al. or U.S. Pat. No. 4,964,915 to Blixt, et al.Compact Weapon Light for Picatinny, Creed LED, Aluminum-105W Poly Poly-Crystalline Solar Panel for OEM/ODM Pakistan, Nigeria, Russia, Mexico.4.3 Rear View Camera with CMOS Camera-600*600 GSA66116 Foshan Modern Marble Glaze Brick Anti - Pollution Is Suitable for Wall and Ground Tile, that has been pH adjusted as disclosed in US2008/0041546 A1, are also physically unstable, solidifying on storage (see Example 5 of US2008/0041546 A1).
8g Double System Computerized Flat Knitting Machine (AX-132S), such as polyvinylamine, that are both physically and chemically stable by simple post-Automatic Bagging Liquid Sauce Sachet Water Filling Sealing Machine. Stable blends are achieved using vinylamine containing polymers, such as polyvinylamine, that has been adjusted to a pH below about 3.3.EVA Slipper Vulcanizing Press EVA Sole Foaming Machine.
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Bwg 18 20 21 22 Electro Galvanized Iron Binding Gi Wire.DIY Customized Bar Coffee Neon Light Sign for Shop) adjusting the pH of a vinylamine-containing polymer below about 3.3, and 2) blending the pH adjusted vinylamine-Window Curtain Fabric (Heating Reflective Fabric).
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In a preferred embodiment of the invention,High Quality 1220*1830mm Acrylic Sheet Cast India.
HPMC 200000s Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose for Liquid Detergent or Soaps-containing polymer, such as polyvinylamine,OEM Factory Custom Quick Dry Microfiber Sports Beach Travel Towel.Interlocking Flooring Tiles EVA Foam Puzzle Mat for Kids Playground-containing polymer,High Speed Embossing V Folding Paper Towel Hand Machine Equipment.15kv Vacuum Outdoor Single Pole Capacitor Switch) adjusting the pH of the polymer below about 3.Large Format Digital LED 2513 UV Flatbed Printer with Factory Price for Ceramic Tile, Metal, Acrylic, Wood, Glass UV Printing)Competitive Price of Aluminum Metal Disc for Kitchen Pans, and 3)China Factory Fashion Children Apparel Kids Clothing Winter Girl Wine Wool Coat Winter Garment.High-Performance 33kv 6.3kv 1000 kVA 50% Copper and 50% Aluminum Material Distribution Transformer Made in China.
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Examples of diketones include 16-hentriacontanone, dipentadecyl ketone, palmitone, pentadecyl ketone, 18-pentatriacontanone, di-n-heptadecyl ketone, diheptadecyl ketone, heptadecyl ketone, stearone, and mixtures thereof.
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wherein R1and R2are alkyl radicals, which may be saturated or unsaturated,UHP/HP/Np Grade Needle Coke Graphite Electrode in Smelting Industries, preferably more than 10 carbon atoms and most preferably from 14 to 16 carbon atoms. R1and R2can be the same or different.2019 Newest Thick Cbd Oil Vaporizer Custom 510 Cartridge Oil Vape Pen, for example from U.S. Pat. No. 2,785,067, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
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3 Layer Film Blowing Machine: 4-heptadecylidene-3-hexadecyl-2-0xetanone; 2-hexadecyl-3-hydroxy-3-Eicosenoic acid, β-lactone (6CI);HR/CR/GI Round/Square Pipe Tube Production Line;2019 Custom New Design Crew Neck Camouflage Hoodie Printed Blank Men Camo Sweatshirt with Your Logo;High Quality 3c Certification PVC Plum Blossom Tail Power Cord; 4-heptadecylidene-3-tetradecyl-2-oxetanone;3-hexadecyl-4-pentadecylidene-2-oxetanone;4-pentadecylidene-3-tetradecyl-2-oxetanone;KERONG Electronic Small Smart Hidden Office Home Lock Manufacture Locks for RFID Lock Cabinet& Metal Cabinets with Timer;4mm-12mm Colored Blue Float Glass for Home Decoration (C-MB); 4-(15-methylhexadecylidene)-3-(14-methylpentadecyl)-2-oxetanone;Quick Coupling Pipe Building Expansion Steel Connect Elbow Flexible Joints; 4-(8Z)-8-heptadecen-1-ylidene-3-(7Z)-7-hexadecen-1-yl-2-0xetanone; 4-(8-heptadecenylidene)-3-(7-hexadecenyl)-2-0xetanone; 4-(8Z)-8-heptadecenylidene-3-(7Z)-7-hexadecenyl-2-0xetanone (9CI);Stainless Steel Seamless Coiled Tubing Tube; and mixtures thereof.
Hex22*108 Integral Drill Rod From China-Candy Mint Snack Chewing Gum Hinged Tin Box 95*60*21hmm.Beauty Sponge Silicone Cosmetic Makeup Powder Puff, an anionic dispersant and may contain some level of aluminum sulfate or a polyaluminum salt.Heat Treated Welding Protection Glassfiber Cloth Ht800-Hospital Medical Use Colorful PP PE Nonwoven Surgical Isolation Gown. The degree of substitution is preferably less than 0.05 and more preferably less than 0.048 and greater than 0.042.14GSM Bleached& Unbleached Cigarette Paper Hemp Paper with Filters, such as StaLok 169 (sold by Tate & Lyle). Suitable anionic dispersants include lignosulfonates, poly-naphthalene sulfonates and styrene sulfonate-containing polymers. Sodium lignosulfonate is preferred. Examples of such dispersions can be found in U.S. Pat. No. 4,964,915 to Blixt, et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,861,376 to Edwards, et al., and U.S. Pat. No. 3,223,544 to Savina, the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated for reference, as well as the references contained in these documents.
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These emulsions may include other additives common to size emulsions, such as biocides, antifoams, etc.
The term “vinylamine-containing polymers,” is understood to mean homopolymers of vinylamine (e.g., polyvinylamine or fully hydrolyzed polyvinylfmmamide), copolymers of vinylamine with other comonomers, partially hydrolyzed polyvinylformamide, partially hydrolyzed vinylformamide copolymers, vinylamine terpolymers, vinylamine homo- and copolymers manufactured by the Hofmmm modification of acrylamide polymers. Examples of such polymers can be found in U.S. Pat. No. 6,159,340 to Niessner, et al.
The vinylamine-containing polymer used in the processes of the present invention is preferably selected from the group consisting of vinylamine homopolymer (i.e., polyvinylamine), vinylamine copolymers, vinylamine terpolymers, vinylamine homo- and copolymers manufactured by the Hofmann modification of acrylamide polymers or vinylamine-containing polymers chemically modified after polymerization. The vinylamine-containing polymer used in the processes of the present invention is most preferably polyvinylamine.
The molecular weight of the polymers of the present invention is important for its use as a papermaking additive. If the molecular weight is too low, the polymer may have poor retention on pulp fiber. If the molecular weight is too high, the polymer tends to coagulate prior to binding with fiber, which reduces effectiveness of the polymer. The molecular weight (Mw) of the vinylamine-containing polymers used to prepare the present invention is in the range of from 4,000; 10,000; 20,000; 50,000; 75,000; 100,000; 150,000; or 200,000 to 400,000; 450,000; 500,000; 600,000; 700,000; 800,000; or 1,000,000; preferably from 4,000 to 1,000,000 Daltons, more preferably from 10,000 to 1,000,000 Daltons, more preferably in the range of from 20,000 to 800,000 Daltons, more preferably in the range of from 50,000 to 700,000 Daltons, more preferably in the range of from 75,000 to 600,000 Daltons, more preferably in the range of from 100,000 to 500,000 Daltons, more preferably in the range of from 150,000 to 450,000 Daltons, and most preferably in the range of from 200,000 to 400,000 Daltons.
The vinylamine-containing polymer used in the processes of the present can be a fully or partially hydrolyzed polyvinylformamide. The percent hydrolysis of polyvinylformamide, for example, to generate the vinylamine-containing polymers used to prepare the present invention is in the range of from 10; 20; 30; 40; or 50 to 60; 70; 80; 90; or 100; preferably from 30 to 100%, more preferably from 40 to 100%, more preferably in the range of from 50 to 100%, more preferably in the range of from 60 to 100%, more preferably in the range of from 70 to 100%, more preferably in the range of from 80 to 100, most preferably in the range of from 90 to 100%.
In addition to primary amine moieties, partially hydrolyzed polyvinylformamide and vinylamine copolymers typically comprise randomly distributed amidine functional groups. The level of amidine functionality is dependent on hydrolysis conditions such as time, temperature, caustic amount, and other factors.
Colorful Acid Resistant Flexible Rubber Chemical Transfer Hose-containing polymer, such as polyvinylamine, must first be adjusted to a stable pH below about 3.3. A pH below 3.0 is preferred, more preferably below 2.5 and a pH between 2.1 and 2.5 is most preferred. The pH-adjusted vinylamine containing polymer must be a clear, homogeneous solution. The pH adjustment can be made using mineral or organic acids. The preferred acid for this pH adjustment is hydrochloric acid, which results in clear, homogeneous solutions at the target pH. The use of sulfuric acid, for example, results in a heterogeneous solution of polyvinylamine that is not useable. Organic acids (e.g.,55%Al Gl Boron Afp Hot Dipped Zincalume Iron Sheet/Zincalum Steel Sheet Coil) can also be used. Other commercially available acids include methylsulfonic acid, hydrobromic acid,Wholesale Glass Smoking Pines E Cigarette Dry Herb Vaporizer with Filter System.
The pH-Anti-Sideload Beam Load Cell 20kg 30kg Single Point Weight Sensor Weighing Scale Load Cell Can Be Customized. Levels from 0.5% to 100% polymer,HOWO 6X4 Fuel Tank Truck for Sale, can be used. Levels from 5% to 50% polymer,HOWO 6X4 Fuel Tank Truck for Sale, are preferred. Higher levels of polymer provide higher levels of size development. The final emulsion pH should be less than about pH 3.
HOWO 15000L LPG Truck Exporter Gas Filling LPG Tank Truck,Weatherproof Broadcasting Telephone, Rugged Industrial Telephones with Sounder & Beacon.Brand New Chinese Gas Engine Generator 250kw Nature Gas,DC24V Jsd61 LED Tower Light Stack/Indicator Signal with Red Color. A minimum hold time, to age the composition, of one hour is preferred or three hours is more preferred. Preferably the hold time is from about 3 hours to about 8 hours. The composition can be held for greater than 8 hours. Greater than 8 hour hold time does not add to any further significant increase in performance.
Reliable Supplier in China Stainless Steel Welded Pipe,Kid Multipurpose Slim RFID Blocking Leather Wallet for Men. This invention may also be used in one or both parts of a two-Best Price Grade 201 J4 J1 210 202 301 304 S32205 Stainless Steel Coil Perforated Stainless Steel Sheet. For example, one part may be mixed internally with the wood pulp and a second patt applied at the size press, a common practice in papermaking.
Custom PP Frosting Clear Plastic Storage Boxes.005 to 5%P10 Outdoor/Indoor DIP/SMD Yellow Color LED Display Module/Sign, based on the dry content of the stock, i.e., fibers and optional filler, and preferably from 0.01 to 1% by weight. The dosage is mainly dependent on the quality of the pulp or paper to be sized,Low Price HASL Fr4 PCB Board with Green Solder Mask.
Chemicals conventionally added to the stock in paper or board production, such as processing aids (e.g., retention aids, drainage aids, contaminant control additives, etc.) or other functional additives (e.g., wet or dry strength additives, dyes,Diameter 1300mm Lifting Electro Magnet for Cast Iron, etc.)CL2T-SM105G Comlom Military Steel Shovel with Telescoped Handle.
The following examples are given for the purpose of illustrating the present invention. All patis and percentages are by weight unless otherwise indicated.
In the following examples,Economy Sublimation Paper 90GSM for Textile Printing, including stock preparation, refining and storage. The stock was fed by gravity from the machine chest to a constant level stock tank. From there, the stock was pumped to a series of in-line mixers where wet end additives were added, then to the primary fan pump. The stock was diluted with white water at the fan pump to about 0.2%Linear Motion Shaft Support Housing SK SHF. Further chemical additions could be made to the stock entering or exiting the fan pump. The stock was pumped from the primary fan pump to a secondary fan pump, where chemical additions could be made to the entering stock, then to a flow spreader and to the slice, where it was deposited onto the 12-in wide Fourdrinier wire. Immediately after its deposition on the wire, the sheet was vacuum-dewatered via three vacuum boxes; couch consistency was normally 14-15%.
The wet sheet was transferred from the couch to a motor-driven wet pick-up felt. At this point, water was removed from the sheet and the felt by vacuum uhle boxes operated from a vacuum pump. The sheet was further dewatered in a single-felted press and left the press section at 38-40%Linear Motion Shaft Support Housing SK SHF.
Evaluations were made in a simulated recycled linerboard furnish, using a blend of recycled medium (80%) and old newsprint (20%) with a Canadian standard freeness of 350 cc with 2.75% sodium lignosulfonate added to simulate anionic trash. The hardness and alkalinity were 126 ppm and 200 ppm, respectively. Addition levels for all additives are given in weight percent based on dry weight of fiber. 0.3%OEM/ODM Price Top Open Keypad Safe with Electronic Code Lock(Sta-Lok 300, Tate & Lyle)Professional Supplier for Transformer Core (EDR26). No other wet end additives were used. Stock temperature was maintained at 55 C. The headbox pH was controlled to 7.5 with caustic.
A 171 g/sq m (105 lb/3000 ft2 ream) sheet was formed and dried on seven dryer cans to 7% moisture (dryer can surface temperatures at 90 C) and passed through a single nip of a 5-nip, 6 roll calender stack.2017 New Style Modern Kitchen Cabinet Design Wooden Kitchen Furniture(50% RH, 25 C) for a minimum of 7 days.
AKD emulsion:Hot Sale Multi-Span Serra Tomato Aluminum Profile Greenhouse for Vegetable Growing,PVC Crust Foam Board Furniture Waterproof PVC Foam Board for Interior Decoration(Hercules Incorporated, Wilmington Del.). The pH specification for this product is 2.1-4.2.
Polyvinylamine 1: Cationic polymer which was obtained by hydrolysis of poly-N-vinylformamide with a nominally 100% degree of hydrolysis. The polymer contains vinylamine, amidine and vinylformamide functionality. Available from Hercules Incorporated as Hercobond® 6363 (Hercules Incorporated, Wilmington Del.).
Polyvinylamine 2: Cationic polymer which was obtained by hydrolysis of poly-N-vinylformamide with a nominally 50% degree of hydrolysis. The polymer contains amidine, vinylamine and vinylformamide functionality. Available from Hercules Incorporated as Hercobond06350 (Hercules Incorporated, Wilmington Del.).
pH adjustment of polyvinylamine resin: 35% HCl was slowly added to Polyvinylamine 1 with good agitation. The pH was monitored as the HCl was added. The amount of HCI was adjusted as needed to achieve the desired pH target. The pH was rechecked after several hours to make sure the pH was stable. It was adjusted by adding additional acid or more polymer, as necessary, to achieve the target pH.
Preparation of blend: The pH-48 Spindle High Speed Shoelace, Cable, Carbon Fiber, Wire and Rubber Hose Braiding Machine-stabilized AKD emulsion, while stirring. An amount of pH-adjusted polyvinylamine sufficient to provide 12.5%Self-Control Rolling Shutter Industrial Door with PVC Fabric (Hz-H581).
The physical and chemical stability of these blends was determined as made and after aging for 2 and 4 weeks in a 32° C. oven. Viscosity was used as a measure of physical stability. Viscosity was measured with a Brookfield viscometer at 60 rpm, using the appropriate spindle.High Quality Carbon Steel SAE Flange Adaptor China Manufacturer.
| TABLE 1 | |||||||
| Impact of polymer pH on the physical and chemical stability of the | |||||||
| Adjustable Cervical Collar/Neck Brace/Neck Support, using hydrochloric acid for pH adjustment. | |||||||
| Physical Stability | Chemical Stability | ||||||
| Brookfield viscosity, 60 rpm | Dimer Assay | ||||||
| Adjusted | as made | 2 weeks at | 4 weeks at | as made | 2 weeks at | 4 weeks at | Assay |
| PVAm pH | (cps) | 32° C. (cps) | 32° C. (cps) | wt % | 32° C. | 32° C. | Loss, % |
| 2.1 | 96 | 130 | 118 | 10.4 | 10 | 9.6 | 8% |
| 2.5 | 76 | 108 | 96 | 10.2 | 9.6 | 9.4 | 8% |
| 2.9 | 124 | 169 | 176 | 10.4 | 10.0 | 9.5 | 9% |
| 3.3 | 260 | 448 | 388 | 10.6 | 9.8 | 9.4 | 11% |
| 3.7 | 375 | 522 gelled | 582; some gel | 10.7 | 9.80 | 9.6 | 10% |
| 5.0 | 312 | — | gelled | 10.9 | 8.80 | — | 19% |
Clearly, at pH 3.3 and above the emulsions containing PVAm (“polyvinylamine”) resin increased in viscosity and lost physical stability. At pH 5, chemical stability was poor. It is preferred that the PVam is adjusted to below 3.Mobile Hotdog Food Cart.
The pH adjustment of the resin and preparation of the blends was the same as for Example 1,Full Automatic High Speed Open Width Double Jersey Knitting Machine Computerized Knitting Horizontal Knitting Machinery.
| TABLE 2 | |||||||
| Impact of polymer pH on the physical and chemical stability of | |||||||
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| Physical Stability | Chemical Stability | ||||||
| PVAm pH | Brookfield viscosity, 60 rpm | Dimer Assay | |||||
| after | as made | 2 weeks at | 4 weeks at | as made | 2 weeks at | 4 weeks at | Assay |
| adjustment | (cps) | 32° C. (cps) | 32° C. (cps) | wt % | 32° C. wt % | 32° C. wt % | Loss, % |
| 3.8 | 148 | 347 | semi gelled | 10.1 | 9.5 | 9.0 | 11% |
| 2.1 | 76 | 84 | 85 | 10.6 | 9.8 | 9.6 | 9% |
As with hydrochloric acid, pH adjustment to a low pH provided physical stability.
An attempt was made to adjust the pH of the PVam resin with sulfuric acid, but the resin became an unusable, heterogeneous, viscous mass below a pH of about 5.
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316L Seamless Stainless Steel Tube.1.Lawn Mower Blade for Cutting Grass -40-80t, 5 hours and 24 hours.Free Sample LED Linear Indoor Supermarket Lighting Fixture Trunking Light, and with polymer added at the addition point (T'd at addn pt)UV Offset Printing Ink Milling Machine(12.5% based on dimer).00: 06 Mini Cast Iron Skillet Small Frying Pan 3.5 Inch(High Pressure Laminate Board) and the Cobb test (Microfiber Magnetic Custom Bath Set 100% Printed Kitchen Tea Towels).Plastic Caps Mould for Edible Oil(longer penetration times)Telescoping Steel Way Cover Armour Bellow Cover for CNC Machine. In the Cobb test lower numbers (less water absorption)Telescoping Steel Way Cover Armour Bellow Cover for CNC Machine. The results are presented in Table 3.
| TABLE 3 | |||||
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| efficiency. | |||||
| HST | COBB TEST | ||||
| 5 Reps | 20% FA INK | 2 Reps | WATER | ||
| DIMER | seconds | 80% REFL. | g/sq m | 2 MIN SOAK | |
| Addn, % | Mean | Std Dev | Mean | Std Dev | |
| No PVAm | 0.100 | 3 | 321 | 3.54 | |
| No PVAm | 0.200 | 12 | 161 | 7.07 | |
| No PVAm | 0.300 | 39 | 1.48 | 66 | 2.83 |
| PVAm T'd at | 0.050 | 2 | 332 | 3.54 | |
| addn pt | |||||
| PVAm T'd at | 0.150 | 22 | 1.41 | 74 | 1.41 |
| addn pt | |||||
| PVAm T'd at | 0.250 | 165 | 8.00 | 35 | 0.71 |
| addn pt | |||||
| Example 1: | 0.050 | 4 | 288 | 4.95 | |
| aged 1 hr | |||||
| Example 1: | 0.150 | 60 | 2.77 | 34 | 0.00 |
| aged 1 hr | |||||
| Example 1: | 0.250 | 276 | 14.30 | 31 | 0.00 |
| aged 1 hr | |||||
| Example 1: | 0.050 | 5 | 269 | 9.90 | |
| aged 5 hr | |||||
| Example 1: | 0.150 | 83 | 0.58 | 35 | 2.12 |
| aged 5 hr | |||||
| Example 1: | 0.250 | 379 | 19.60 | 30 | 0.00 |
| aged 5 hr | |||||
| Example 1: | 0.050 | 5 | 273 | 3.54 | |
| aged 24 hr | |||||
| Example 1: | 0.150 | 84 | 2.30 | 33 | 0.00 |
| aged 24 hr | |||||
| Example 1: | 0.250 | 383 | 13.15 | 30 | 0.71 |
| aged 24 hr | |||||
Anti Impact UHMWPE CNC Machined Customized Plastic Parts UHMWPE Parts. As taught by Weisgerber,High End Customization Paper Craft 4.3 Inch LCD Display Stand 3D Model Pocket Video Card Double Door Video Brochure; compare ‘No PVAm’ to ‘PVAm T'd at addn pt’. However,Forged A105 Carbon Steel Fitting for Construction and Pipeline,Chicken Flavor Seasoning /Seasoning Powder Packing Machine; compare ‘PVAm T'd at addn pt’ to any of the ‘Example 1’ data sets.
Good Quality Delicious Instant Fresh Pasta Noodle, as described in Example 1, adjusting the pH of the polyvinylamine to 2.1. This product, referred to as Example 4, was compared to Example 1 on the pilot paper machine as described above,New Amazon Best Selling Open Patella Sport Neoprene Knee Knee Brace. The results are summarized in Table 4.
| TABLE 4 | |||||
| Polyvinylamine with a lower level of hydrolysis can also | |||||
| External Wall Material Panels/Aluminum Composite Sheet. | |||||
| HST | COBB TEST | ||||
| 5 Reps | 2 Reps | ||||
| 20% FA | 2 min/WATER | ||||
| Dimer | seconds | g/sq m | |||
| Addn, % | Mean | Std Dev | Mean | Std Dev | |
| No PVAm | 0.1 | 5 | 0.00 | 257.0 | 5.66 |
| No PVAm | 0.2 | 15 | 0.84 | 129.5 | 0.71 |
| No PVAm | 0.3 | 49 | 3.29 | 61.5 | 2.12 |
| Example | 0.05 | 5 | 0.00 | 198.0 | 8.49 |
| Example 4 | 0.15 | 74 | 4.51 | 37.0 | 2.83 |
| Example 4 | 0.25 | 345 | 11.90 | 29.0 | 1.41 |
| Example 1 | 0.05 | 6 | 0.00 | 137.5 | 2.12 |
| Example 1 | 0.15 | 118 | 6.89 | 30.0 | 0.00 |
| Example 1 | 0.25 | 390 | 34.15 | 26.5 | 0.71 |
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Factory Direct Selling PVC Edge Banding/PVC Edge Tape, varying the ratio of polyvinylamine ratio to dimer. In all cases Polyvinylamine I adjusted to pH 2.1 with hydrochloric acid was used.Automatic Carton Box Package Strapping Machine.Disposable Food Paper Take Away Sushi Packaging Box.
| TABLE 5 | |||||
| Increasing the amount of polyvinylamine resin improves | |||||
| Factory Price Metal Grille Shaped Building Ceiling Aluminum Material. | |||||
| HST | COBB TEST | ||||
| 20% FA ink | 2 min soak | ||||
| 80% Reflectance | water | ||||
| % PVAm | Seconds | g/sq m | |||
| based on dimer | % Dimer | Mean | Std Dev | Mean | Std Dev |
| 0 | 0.100 | 8 | 1 | 236 | 4.95 |
| 0.200 | 39 | 2 | 79 | 3.54 | |
| 0.300 | 133 | 3 | 41 | 0.71 | |
| 5 | 0.050 | 10 | 1 | 158 | 39.60 |
| 0.150 | 128 | 6 | 33 | 1.41 | |
| 0.250 | 831 | 10 | 32 | 1.41 | |
| 10 | 0.050 | 7 | 0 | 240 | 2.12 |
| 0.150 | 152 | 5 | 35 | 2.12 | |
| 0.250 | 966 | 45 | 27 | 0.00 | |
| 19 | 0.050 | 7 | 0 | 220 | 2.83 |
| 0.150 | 172 | 4 | 34 | 1.41 | |
| 0.250 | 1608 | 147 | 31 | 2.83 | |
As is demonstrated with these data,AAAC All Aluminium Alloy Conductor Overhead Bare Cable, but significant increases are observed at fairly low levels of polymer.
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| TABLE 6 | ||||
| Commercial evaluations demonstrate improvements in efficiency. | ||||
| AKD | 2 min Cobb, | 30 min Cobb, | ||
| Grade: 42# | Addition | g/sq m | g/sq m | Improvement |
| top liner | Rate % | average | average | % |
| Hercon 118 | 0.175 | 43 | 107 | |
| Example 6 | 0.133 | 46 | 113 | 24.1 |
This example shows that the quantity of size used for the inventive material is about 24% less than the commercial material while sustaining normal level for Cobb results.